Stratigraphical evidence of Elysium sea ice from HiRise images

Abstract not available

X-ray afterglow detection of the short gamma-ray burst 991014

GRB 991014 is one of the shortest gamma-ray bursts detected so far with the Wide Field Cameras aboard BeppoSAX, both in gamma-rays and X-rays. The duration is 9.6 sec in 2-28 keV and 3.2 sec in 40 to 700 keV (as measured between the times when 5 and 95% of the burst photons have been accumulated). We refine the InterPlanetary Network annulus of the burst, present the detection of the X-ray afterglow of GRB 991014 within this refined annulus, and discuss X-ray and gamma-ray observations of the prompt and afterglow emission. Except for the briefness of the prompt event, no other unusual aspects were found in the prompt and afterglow observations as compared to such measurements in previous gamma-ray bursts.Comment: accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journa

Ionization of oriented targets by intense circularly polarized laser pulses: Imprints of orbital angular nodes in the 2D momentum distribution

We solve the three-dimensional time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation for a few-cycle circularly polarized femtosecond laser pulse interacting with an oriented target exemplified by an Argon atom, initially in a $3\text{p}_{x}$ or $3\text{p}_{y}$ state. The photoelectron momentum distributions show distinct signatures of the orbital structure of the initial state as well as the carrier-envelope phase of the applied pulse. Our \textit{ab initio} results are compared with results obtained using the length-gauge strong-field approximation, which allows for a clear interpretation of the results in terms of classical physics. Furthermore, we show that ionization by a circularly polarized pulse completely maps out the angular nodal structure of the initial state, thus providing a potential tool for studying orbital symmetry in individual systems or during chemical reactions