Effectiveness of Guided Inquiry Learning Tools to Improve Understanding Concepts of Students on Momentum and Impulse Materials

This study aims to the effectiveness of guided inquiry learning tools to improve understanding concepts of students on momentum and impulse materials. The learning device was developed using a 4D model consisting of four steps, namely define, design, develop and disseminate. This research was conducted at SMAN 4 Mataram in the tenth grade of MIPA 1 with a total of 20 people. The data was obtained in the form of pre-test and post-test scores. The data were analyzed using the Shapiro Wilk test and paired sample t-test at a significance level of 5%. The results of the Shapiro Wilk test show that the data are normally distributed and meet the requirements to perform a parametric test. The results of the paired sample t-test show that the t-count (24.347) is greater than the t-table (2.093).  This means that there is influence of guided inquiry learning tools improves understanding concepts of students. These results indicate that the guided inquiry learning model is effective to improve understanding concepts of students on momentum and impulse material

Synthesis of M-Hexaferrites Material Based on Natural Iron Sand with Metal Co Doping Using the Coprecipitation Method

The synthesis of M-hexaferrite with metal doping Co (BaFe12-3xCoxO19 ) based on natural iron sand at Ketapang beach in Pringgabaya Subdistrict, East Lombok using the coprecipitation method has been successful. The basic ingredients used in this study were natural iron sand and BariumCarbonate (BaCO3) powder, while the doping material used was Cobalt (II) Chloride Hexahydrate (CoCl2.6H2O) powder with a variety of mole fraction (X = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0). The solvent uses 37% hydrochloric acid (HCl), 25% NH4OH solution, and distilled water. The sample formed was then calcined at 200 0C, 400 0C, 600 0C, 800 0C and 1000 0C. The resulting sample shows that there is an effect of Co doping and calcination temperature in the formation of barium M-hexaferrite. The higher the mole fraction of Co doping ions and the calcination temperature, the darker the color of the powder produced.

Synthesis of Tin Oxide Thin Layer by Doping Aluminum, Fluorine, and Indium Using Sol-Gel Spin Coating Technique

The synthesis of tin oxide thin films with doping aluminum, fluorine, and indium (SnO2: Al + F + In) by sol-gel spin coating technique has been successfully carried out. This synthesis aims to determine the quality of the thin film formed by adding doping aluminum, fluorine, and indium. The basic material used is SnCl2.2H2O, while the doping material used is AlCl3, NH4F, and InCl3.4H2O. The comparison of the basic ingredients and doping mixture of aluminum, fluorine and indium (SnO2: Al+F +In) used were 100: 0%, 95: 5%, 90: 10%, 85: 15%, 80: 20% and 75: 25%. The synthesis uses a glass substrate with size (10 x 10 x 3) mm. Coating synthesis includes substrate preparation, sol-gel making, film making, and sample heating. The layers that are made consist of 1 to 4 layers. The results showed that the layer formed had a high degree of transparency along with the increasing concentration of the doping material percentage. The higher the doping concentrations of aluminum, fluorine, and indium, the higher the transparency of the resulting layer. Besides, the greater the number of layers, the lower the transparency level of the layer

Analysis of the Energy Band Gap of Tin Oxide Thin Layers as Semiconductor Base Materials in Electronic Devices

The purpose of this study is to analyze the quality of optical properties such as energy band gap of thin layer of tin oxide doped with aluminum, tin oxide doped with fluorine, tin oxide doped with indium, tin oxide doped with aluminum-fluorine, tin oxide doped with aluminum-indium, and tin oxide doped with aluminum-fluorine-indium. The thin layer was synthesized using the sol-gel spin coating method. The ratio of basic ingredients and doping used in this study was 95:5% and 85:15%. The thin layer that has been formed is then heated at a temperature of 100 and 200 0C. The results of the analysis of optical properties showed that the largest values of direct and indirect energy band gap are in a thin layer of tin oxide doped with indium at a percentage of 95:5% for a temperature of 100 0C, namely 3.62 and 3.92 eV. The lowest values of direct and indirect energy band gap are in a thin layer of tin oxide doped with aluminum-fluorine-indium at a percentage of 85:15% for a temperature of 200 0C, namely 3.36 and 3.51 eV. These results indicate that the resulting energy band gap decreases with increasing doping concentration and sintering temperature. Based on the optical properties obtained, the thin layer can be used as the basic material for semiconductors in electronic devices

Synthesis of Strontium Based on Natural Iron Sand North Lombok Coastal Club Doping Co and Cu Metal Ions As Power Generating Materials

The SrCl2 with natural iron sand is the basic material for making Strontontium M-Hexaferrite (SrM) as a generator of electricity in the form of permanent magnets samples which are doped to make the utilization of SrM more effective by adding metal ions that have almost the same size as cobalt (Co) and cupper (Cu) using the coprecipitation method. The synthesis process was carried out in the chemical laboratory of the FKIP, the Highway Engineering Laboratory, the Faculty of Engineering and the advanced Biology Laboratory of the FMIPA UNRAM. In this study, concentration variations and temperature variations were used during the calcination process, namely (x = 0.0; 0.4; 0.8 and 1.0) (T = 800; 1000 and 1100 0C). These variations greatly affect the sample, where the greater the concentration and calcination temperature, the darker the resulting color in the sample and this is in accordance with the purpose of the calcination process, namely the greater the temperature at the time of calcination, the higher the water content in the sample reduced because the solvent in the sample evaporates. In addition to these materials, the solvent used also plays an important role in the process of making samples, namely using 25% HCl to dissolve, 37% NaOH so that the precipitation process is faster and distilled water as a neutralizer

Practicality of Problem-Based Physics Learning Tools with Video Assistance to Improve Problem-Solving Ability of Students

This study aims to produce problem-based physics learning tools with the help of videos that practically improve the problem solving abilities of students. The research design used is a 4D model consisting of define, design, develop and disseminate. The learning tools developed are syllabus, lesson plan, student worksheets, videos, and problem solving ability questions. The finished learning tools were then tested in a limited way in class XI MIPA 7 SMAN 1 Mataram to find out the practicality of these devices. The results showed that the device, on average, received a positive response from students and teachers. This can be seen from the responses "agree" and "strongly agree" for each component of the questionnaire given by students and teachers. Based on these data, it can be concluded that problem-based physics learning tools with the help of videos, practically improve the problem-solving abilities of student

Effectiveness of Quantum Physics Learning Tools Using Blended Learning Models to Improve Critical Thinking and Generic Science Skills of Students

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of quantum physics learning tools using blended learning models to improve the critical thinking and generic science skills of students. The learning device was developed using a 4-D model which includes the stages of definition, design, development, and dissemination. Learning devices that have been declared valid then conducted a limited-scale trial in the Physics education undergraduate program at the University of Mataram, which consisted of thirty students. Analysis of increasing critical thinking and science generic skills using the n-gain (g) test. The results of the n-gain analysis for all aspects indicate that the student's critical thinking and generic science skills are in the medium and high categories. These results indicate that the use of quantum physics learning using a blended learning model is effective in improving students' critical thinking and generic science skill

Growth of Tin Oxide Thin Film by Aluminum and Fluorine Doping Using Spin Coating Sol-Gel Techniques

Abstract: The growth of tin oxide thin film by Aluminum doping and Fluorine has been carried out with the sol-gel spin coating technique. The growth aims to determine the quality of the thin layer formed based on variations in doping aluminum and fluorine. The basic ingredients used were SnCl2.2H2O, while the doping materials used were Al (Aluminium) and F (Fluorine) with variations in dopant concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25)%. The growth of a thin layer using measured glass (10x10x 3) mm as a substrate. The growth of thin films includes substrate preparation, sol-gel making, thin film making, and heating processes. The growth of thin layer was dripped on a glass substrate with sol-gel spin coating technique at 1 M sol concentration and treated with maturation for 24 hours. The next step is making a thin layer using a spin coater at a speed of 2000 rpm for 3 minutes. After that, the substrate is heated in an oven at 100°C for 60 minutes. The results showed that the transparency level of the tin oxide layer increases with increasing amounts of doping Aluminum and fluorine. Key words: Aluminum, Fluorine, Sol-gel, Spin Coating, Thin Film, Tin Oxid

Analysis Validation of Quantum Physics Learning Devices using Blended Learning Models to Improve Critical Thinking and Generic Science Skills of Students

This study aims to develop a quantum physics learning device with a blended learning model to improve the critical thinking and generic science skills of students. The learning device is made with a 4D development model which includes four steps, namely: define, design, develop, and disseminate. The learning tools developed to consist of semester program plans (SPP), student activity sheets (SAS), quantum physics teaching materials, instruments to measure critical thinking skills, and generic science skills of students. The validity results show that the quantum physics learning device with the blended learning model has an average value of more than 4.20. This shows that the learning tools are very feasible to improve the critical thinking and generic science skills of students

Development of Physics Learning Media based on Guided Inquiry Model to Improve Students' Concepts Mastery and Creativity

This study aims to develop learning media based on guided inquiry models to improve students' concepts mastery and creativity in physics learning in senior high schools. The learning media in question is a ripple tank to explain the characteristics of a mechanical wave. Development research with the 4D model (define, design, development, dissemination) was conducted in this study, where the learning media developed met the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving students' concepts mastery and creativity. Evaluation of the learning media validity is carried out through a validation mechanism where the media is validated by 3 validators (media experts), while evaluation of the practicality and effectiveness of learning media through its implementation in class involves students in two schools in Mataram City - Indonesia. The results of the study show that the learning media with the guided inquiry model are valid, practical, and effective in improving students' concepts mastery and creativity in learning physics. The results of further studies are described in this articl