The terrain of urbanisation process and policy frameworks: A critical analysis of the Kampala experience

Kampala is urbanising in an unplanned manner, but without a clear picture of the underlying dynamics. The city is characterised by lack of proper zoning of economic activities and construction of physical infrastructure without regard to subsequent spatial quality and environmental conservation. Consequently, there are sharp differences in residential standards where expensive housing and luxury flats co-exist with shanty towns and informal settlements, with about 60% of the city’s population living in unplanned informal settlements and often faced with challenges of unemployment. The unprecedented increase in the urban population in Kampala and the prospects for further increases in the near future have economic and social implications concerning employment, housing, education and health, among others. Understanding the nature of the dynamics of the growth or decline of cities like Kampala helps planners to support the processes that lead to harmonious urban development and to deal with the negative consequences of urban growth. This paper reflects the urbanisation dynamics explaining Kampala’s urbanisation process with the view to analysing the implications for an alternative urban policy framework. It argues that the conditions that have allowed the situation to exist have serious policy implications which require the need for an integrated policy framework that can be used to effectively prevent or halt Kampala’s unplanned urbanisation while promoting planned urbanisation. Induced by the migration and lack of information, understanding urban dynamics is crucial to the development of urban policies that can effectively ensure that further urban changes occur in a systematic and satisfactory manner. The current urban process in developing countries like Uganda is associated with poverty, environmental degradation and population demands that outstrip service capacity

Missed Opportunities? Financing Climate Action in Urban Ghana and Uganda

In Africa, climate change integration in urban planning is often minimal and has consequences for urban climate finance. This chapter examines the 2014-2017 medium-term development plan (MTDP) of the Kumasi Metropolis and the Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) strategic plan to understand these consequences. Findings show a stronger climate change framing in the KCCA strategic plan than the KMA’s MTDP. However, climate finance arrangements were absent in both plans with no targeted climate finance sources for proposed interventions. There was also evidence of path dependency as some projects to tackle climate change impacts were not unique from traditional planning initiatives. Thus, poor climate framing and the absence of targeted climate finance arrangements have the potential to deprive these urban authorities of additional and alternative funds for climate action