A suggested search for 207Pb nuclear Schiff moment in PbTiO3 ferroelectric

We suggest two types of experiments, NMR and macroscopic magnetometry, with solid PbTiO3 to search for the nuclear Schiff moment of 207Pb. Both kinds of experiments promise substantial improvement over the presently achieved sensitivities. Statistical considerations show that the improvement of the current sensitivity can be up to 10 orders of magnitude for the magnetometry experiment and up to 6 orders of magnitude for the NMR experiment. Such significant enhancement is due to the strong internal electric field of the ferroelectric, as well as due to the possibility to cool the nuclear-spin subsystem in the compound down to nanokelvin temperatures.Comment: 4 pages; revised sensitivity estimate for NMR experimen

First-principles design and subsequent synthesis of a material to search for the permanent electric dipole moment of the electron

We describe the first-principles design and subsequent synthesis of a new material with the specific functionalities required for a solid-state-based search for the permanent electric dipole moment of the electron. We show computationally that perovskite-structure europium barium titanate should exhibit the required large and pressure-dependent ferroelectric polarization, local magnetic moments, and absence of magnetic ordering even at liquid helium temperature. Subsequent synthesis and characterization of Eu$_{0.5}$Ba$_{0.5}$TiO$_3$ ceramics confirm the predicted desirable properties.Comment: Nature Materials, in pres

Enhancement of the electron electric dipole moment in gadolinium garnets

Effects caused by the electron electric dipole moment (EDM) in gadolinium garnets are considered. Experimental studies of these effects could improve current upper limit on the electron EDM by several orders of magnitude. We suggest a consistent theoretical model and perform calculations of observable effects in gadolinium gallium garnet and gadolinium iron garnet. Our calculation accounts for both direct and exchange diagrams.Comment: 9 page

Опыт хирургического лечения больных туберкулезом с поражением костей и суставов различной этиологии

Introduction. A decrease in the number of patients with tuberculosis of the bone system coincides with an increase in the number of indications and methods for operational treatment. The continuing development in skeletal tuberculosis surgery techniques determines the search for a material capable of replacing autologous bone. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to enhance the results of treatment of spinal caries to speed up treatment of tuberculous osteomyelitis by applying collagen material and to solve the issues of orthopedic alignment for TB patients.Materials and methods. Surgical treatment was carried out on 32 patients in 2016–2018. The patients were divided into several groups: 18 underwent transpedicular fixation of the spine, 2 had concomitant HIV-infection, 2 underwent necrectomy of vertebral bodies with anterior spondylodesis lift system, 1 underwent necrectomy of vertebral bodies with bone autoplasty and with plate fixation, 2 had cervical spine fixation, while 2 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the humerus traumatic fracture received intramedullary surgery.Results. 31 patients reported a positive dynamic following surgery, while a fatal outcome not connected with the surgery was experienced in one case. Complications included allergic reaction in one case, while three patients developed postoperative wound seroma (both patients having HIV infection). One patient reported pain in the lower extremities following TPF. 3 patients with osteitis underwent necrectomy and filling of cavities with collagen material. Wounds were healed by secondary healing, while no rejection of collagen material took place.Conclusions. Introduction of collagen material in osteitis treatment can speed up fistula healing. The research work demonstrated the possibility of providing trauma care to patients under the conditions of an antitubercular centre.Введение. На сегодняшний день имеются тенденции к уменьшению количества пациентов с туберкулезом костной системы и расширению показаний и способов их оперативного лечения. Развитие хирургии туберкулеза костей определяет «поиски нового материала, способного заменить аутокость». В этой связи основная цель данной работы: улучшить результаты лечения туберкулезного спондилита, ускорить излечение туберкулезных остеомиелитов применением коллагенового материала и решить проблемы ортопедического лечения больных туберкулезом.Материалы и методы. В 2016–2018 гг. хирургическое лечение проведено у 32 пациентов. Пациенты представляли несколько групп: 18 пациентам выполнена транспедикулярная фиксация позвоночника, у двоих сопутствующей патологией была ВИЧ-инфекция, 2 выполнена некрэктомия тел позвонков с передним спондилодезом лифт-системой, 1 пациенту — некрэктомия тел позвонков с аутопластикой костью и фиксацией пластиной, 2 пациентам — фиксация накостной пластиной шейного отдела позвоночника, 2 пациентам с туберкулезом легких при травматическом переломе плечевой кости установлена интрамедуллярная система.Результаты. После операции 31 пациент отмечал положительную динамику, летальный исход был в одном случае (не связан с операцией). Из осложнений наблюдались аллергическая реакция в одном случае, у трех пациентов — серома послеоперационной раны (у обоих пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией). Одна пациентка после ТПФ отметила появление болевого синдрома в нижних конечностях. 3 больным с оститами сделана некрэктомия, пломбировка полостей коллагеновым материалом. Заживление ран произошло через вторичное заживление, отторжения коллагенового материала не произошло.Заключение. Внедрение коллагенового материала в лечение оститов позволяет ускорить заживление свищей. Обоснована возможность оказания травматологической помощи больным в условиях противотуберкулезного учреждения

Heat units-based potential yield assessment for cotton production in Uzbekistan

Cotton yields in Uzbekistan are significantly lower than those in similar agro-climatic regions, requiring the estimation of crop potential and baseline yield to track progress of production enhancement efforts. The current study estimated potential cotton development and baseline yield (maximum given no production constraints) using total heat units (THU) and potential cotton yield (PCY), respectively. Calculations were based on heat units (HU) for a 30-year (1984-2013) period. Long-term average THU and PCY, as well as PCY at three different exceedance probabilities (p=0.99, p=0.80, and p=0.75), were calculated for 21 selected weather stations across cotton-growing areas of Uzbekistan. After confirmation that the current planting date (April 15) is optimal, a comparison of THU with the accepted cotton production cutoff threshold (1444°C) suggested that areas with lower elevations and latitudes are more appropriate for cotton production. Yield gap analysis (relative difference between long-term average PCY and actual yields) confirmed that Uzbekistan cotton production is below potential, while the spatial distribution of yield gaps outlined where efforts should be targeted. Areas near the stations of Nukus, Kungrad, Chimbay, and Syrdarya should be further investigated as benefit/cost ratio is highest in these areas. A comparison between state-set yield targets and PCY values, taking into account climatic variability, suggested that all areas except Jaslyk, Nurata, and Samarkand have safe, appropriate targets. These results present a starting-point to aid in strategic actions for Uzbekistan cotton production improvement

Assessment of the results of water use and productivity in the pilot sites of the Water Productivity Improvement Project. In Russian

In Rakhimov, S.; Mamatov, S.; Begimov, I.; Shirokova, Y.; Glovatzkiy, O.; Ikramov, R.; Ismagilov, K.; Ikramova, M.; Abirov, A.; Taganova, G.; Ananeva, N. (Eds.). Collection of scientific chapters dedicated to the 85th anniversary of the SANIIRI Irrigation Research Institute (1925-2010): SANNIRI on its way to integrated water resources management. Tashkent, Uzbekistan: Scientific Information Center of Interstate Commission for Water Coordination (SANIIRI); Tashkent, Uzbekistan: Scientific Information Center of the Interstate Commission for Water Coordination in Central Asia (SIC-ICWC

Operative Therapy Practices in Tubercular Patients with Bone and Joint Effects of Different Etiologies

Introduction. A decrease in the number of patients with tuberculosis of the bone system coincides with an increase in the number of indications and methods for operational treatment. The continuing development in skeletal tuberculosis surgery techniques determines the search for a material capable of replacing autologous bone. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to enhance the results of treatment of spinal caries to speed up treatment of tuberculous osteomyelitis by applying collagen material and to solve the issues of orthopedic alignment for TB patients.Materials and methods. Surgical treatment was carried out on 32 patients in 2016–2018. The patients were divided into several groups: 18 underwent transpedicular fixation of the spine, 2 had concomitant HIV-infection, 2 underwent necrectomy of vertebral bodies with anterior spondylodesis lift system, 1 underwent necrectomy of vertebral bodies with bone autoplasty and with plate fixation, 2 had cervical spine fixation, while 2 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the humerus traumatic fracture received intramedullary surgery.Results. 31 patients reported a positive dynamic following surgery, while a fatal outcome not connected with the surgery was experienced in one case. Complications included allergic reaction in one case, while three patients developed postoperative wound seroma (both patients having HIV infection). One patient reported pain in the lower extremities following TPF. 3 patients with osteitis underwent necrectomy and filling of cavities with collagen material. Wounds were healed by secondary healing, while no rejection of collagen material took place.Conclusions. Introduction of collagen material in osteitis treatment can speed up fistula healing. The research work demonstrated the possibility of providing trauma care to patients under the conditions of an antitubercular centre

Promoting agricultural innovation system in Central Asia for better water productivity at plot level

In Proceedings of the Republican Scientific Practical Conference on Efficient Agricultural Water Use and Tropical Issues in Land Reclamation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 10-11 November 2010. Tashkent, Uzbekistan: Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources; Tashkent, Uzbekistan: International Water Management Institute; Tashkent, Uzbekistan: Scientific Information Center of Interstate Commission for Water Coordination (SANIIRI