Les plantes médicinales du Rwanda: activités hépatoprotectrices et inhibitrices du virus de l'hépatite C

Accès limitéDoctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiquesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of Guizotia scabra and Microglossa pyrifolia from Rwanda

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Protective effect on CCl4- and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity of Rwandese traditional herbal drugs: in vivo and in vitro studies and preliminary phytochemical screening

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Evaluation of the hepatoprotective effect of Ocimum lamiifolium methanolic extract on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats - precision cut liver slices

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Comparison of artemisin levels in Artemisia annua cultivated at three distinct geographical regions in Rwanda

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Preliminary phytochemical screening and acute toxicity of Aristolochia albida ethanolic extract

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Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils of 3 Helichrysum species

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Traditional phytotherapy remedies used in Southern Rwanda for the treatment of liver diseases

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Liver diseases represent a major health problem due to their complications and limited treatment possibilities. In Rwanda, given low accessibility to modern treatments, most people still rely on traditional medicinal plants. The symptomatology of many hepatic troubles (icterus) is evident for traditional healers who have a high probability of selecting efficient herbal medicines. OBJECTIVES: To document medicines used in the treatment of "hepatitis" in Southern Rwanda with the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to liver disorder recognition, control and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 56 traditional health practitioners, each a legal representative of an official association, were interviewed and participated in plant collection for the preparation of botanically identified herbarium specimens. RESULTS: 68 multi-component and 65 single-component herbal recipes were identified for the treatment of liver diseases with a total of 86 different herbs from 34 families identified. The most represented were the Asteraceae and the Lamiaceae. Crassocephalum vitellinum, Hypoestes triflora and Erythrina abyssinica were the most widely used plants. The principle of polymedication for complex (i.e. multifactorial) diseases ("Ifumbi" in Rwanda), is a constant in every traditional practice. It is striking that the Rwandese therapy of liver diseases proposes so many single-herb preparations (49% of all herbal preparations). Some of the recorded plants or other species from the same genus have previously been documented for liver protection using various in vivo and in vitro models. CONCLUSION: Herbal remedies for hepatitis are widely used and highly diverse in Southern Rwanda; further chemical, pharmacological and toxicological studies are clearly required to rationally develop the most important remedies.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Evaluation of the hepatotoxic and hepatoprotective effect of Rwandese herbal drugs on in vivo (guinea pigs barbiturate-induced sleeping time) and in vitro (rat precision-cut liver slices, PCLS) models.

Precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) preserve the tissular organization of the organ and represent an in vitro model closer to in vivo conditions than hepatocytes cultures. As this may be an interesting tool not only for the investigation of hepatotoxic and protective effects but also for bioguided fractionations schemes, the usefulness of PCLS was compared with an in vivo test of liver function. Crude extracts derived from five herbs used in Rwanda for hepatoprotective activity were tested on CCl(4)-treated guinea pigs by the method of barbiturate-induced sleep modification. Aqueous extracts of Ocimum lamiifolium, Crassocephalum vitellinum, Guizotia scabra and Vernonia lasiopus leaves allowed animals to recover barbiturate sleep duration in proportions of 88%, 78%, 61% and 34%, respectively and Microglossa pyrifolia was found inactive. Dried methanolic extracts of the 5 plants were then tested in vitro on rat PCLS for protection against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. In this model, G. scabra, M. pyrifolia and V. lasiopus were found hepatotoxic by themselves and unable to prevent acetaminophen toxicity. The most active extract, obtained from O. lamiifolium, was subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation by chromatography on Si-C(18) to yield two quite active fractions. From a single animal, at least 50 PCLS explants can be prepared, which allows testing large amounts of samples, strengthening ethnopharmacological data on hepatoprotective medicinal plants and investigating hepatotoxic effects.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Antidiarrhea activity and preliminary phytochemical screening of Indigofera arrecta, Cyathula uncinulata, Persea americana and Cupressus lusitanica

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