An improved catalytic pyrolysis concept for renewable aromatics from biomass involving a recycling strategy for co-produced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Catalytic pyrolysis of crude glycerol over a shaped H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst with (partial) recycling of the product oil was studied with the incentive to improve benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) yields. Recycling of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) fraction, after separation from BTX by distillation and co-feeding with the crude glycerol feed, was shown to have a positive effect on the BTX yield. Further improvements were achieved by hydrogenation of the PAH fraction using a Ru/C catalyst and hydrogen gas prior to co-pyrolysis, and BTX yields up to 16 wt% on feed were obtained. The concept was also shown to be beneficial to other biomass feeds such as e.g., Kraft lignin, cellulose, and Jatropha oil

In-Vivo Delivery of DNA and Protein Using Conceptually New Cationic, Sunfish', Amphiphiles

Sunfish' are suitable cationic amphiphiles for the in vivo delivery of genes and proteins. With PEGylated Sunfish included, the circulation time of the protein complex is prolonged making the complex applicable for extra-hepatic targeting delivery. In principle, further improvement can be obtained by optimising the Sunfish structure.