Strength-weakness-opportunity-threat [SWOT] Analysis for the Career Development of New generation in Pakistan

Since last decades, there has been remarkable growth in the number of national and international organizations in the Pakistan, besides this public sector organizations are expanded in a well distinguished way, on other side, new talent has been facing several threats regarding career in different context. Academies are producing thousands of graduates and post-graduates in different disciplines but this supply is not well equipped in opportunities available in the market, hence, demand of new talent has been going to be scarce and most competitive. Lack of revised service rules in national and international organizations & job insecurity has inhabited the entrance of new youngsters in the organizations. Demand of rich experience and strong leadership has adversely affected fresh graduates. Old age people with rich & multidisciplinary experience have occupied lion’s share in the organizations and leaving no space for new comer. Pakistan being a natural resources rich country, she has been facing scarcity of employment opportunities for young people. Nepotism & corruption have been found prevailing in employment process & that is spoiling the merit system. Hence, country has been experiencing the grave tragedy of brain drain. Keywords: Impact, Unemployment, joblessness, threats, opportunities

Impact of Authentic Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior by Using The Mediating Effect of Psychological Ownership

The study objective was to examine the role of psychological ownership as a mediator concerning organizational citizenship behavior and authentic leadership. A structured questionnaire was selected to gather primary data from 300 respondents of the telecom sector of Lahore; 263 questionnaires were selected valid. This research use employees of four different companies in the telecom sector as samples. This research uses correlation, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The empirical result shows that authentic leadership positively relates to organizational citizenship behavior. According to the findings of this study, psychological ownership partially mediates the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and authentic leadership among the employees of the telecommunication sector of Pakistan. The Implication of this study is limited to the telecom sector of Pakistan. How to Cite:Shaikh, E., Watto, W. A., & Tunio, M. N. (2022). Impact of Authentic Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior by Using The Mediating Effect on Psychological Ownership. Etikonomi, 21(1), 89-102. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v21i1.18968

Significance of Public Priorities from Telecommunication to Cellular Communication in Pakistan

Telecommunication is permanent source of communication all around the world as it has multidimensional social significances to use. In comparison with rest of world, Pakistan has been pursuing the global trends to avail the latest technology to upgrade the efficiency of individuals and institutions. Thus, cellular communication has taken place very rapidly in Pakistan and has left behind the telecommunication. Purpose of this study is to explore the reasons of shifting of public priorities from telecommunication to cellular communication so rapid in rural and urban areas of Pakistan. Keywords: Cellular Communication, ICT, Information, Entertainment

Assessing the Potential of ICT Education at Secondary Schools in Pakistan: A Comparative Study

This paper corresponds to the assessment of potential of ICT education at secondary schools in Pakistan. In this esteem, paper has twofold objectives. The first and foremost objective is to assess and cross compare the students’ potential towards learning ICT in public and private sector schools. In doing so, employing a variant of survey methodology comprised of orientation classes and subsequent objective type tests, the study elucidates that whilst the students at both sites demonstrate much potential and enthusiasm towards learning ICT, the potential of students of public schools is relatively much lower than the students of private schools. Accordingly, the second objective of this study is to determine the possible causes of lower potential for ICT education at public schools. In this regard, through expert interviews with the heads of schools, the study reveals several financial, human, physical, and information related factors that ground the lower potential for ICT education. As a conclusion, the study aids the government, school administration, and other education policy makers in understanding the needs of schools regarding ICT education, and provides the basis for envisaging the improvement plans and new initiatives for enhancing the ICT adoption, implementation, learning, and management at all secondary schools. &nbsp

Funding liquidity on bank lending growth: The case of India

PURPOSE: By bridging the funding gap between funding surplus units and deficit units, financial institutions like banks play a crucial role in fostering economic development in a nation. Banks provide the crucial task of organizing individual and institutional resources and directing them to those prepared to engage in business ventures or other productive uses. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the relation between funding liquidity and bank lending growth (BLG). An empirical analysis between bank capital and the funding liquidity ratio on bank lending growth (BLG) using the generalized method of moments (GMM) approach for the sustainable business has been not identified before. Therefore, this study tries to fill this gap. METHODOLOGY: The data was collected from 59 commercial banks in India from 2010 to 2022 which comprises of 21 public sector banks, 18 private sector banks, and 20 foreign banks. The GMM approach was what we employed. This strategy is typically utilized in situations in which the distribution of the data is uncertain and there is a concern with over identification. GMM offers a consistent, asymptotically normal, and efficient estimator in comparison to all of the other estimators that merely use the information presented by the moment conditions. FINDINGS: Findings suggests that there is a significantly negative influence of bank capital and funding liquidity on bank lending. This indicates that higher capital can limit the effect of funding liquidity on the growth of the banks’ loans, therefore the findings are consistent with the hypothesis that higher capital can lower the effect of funding liquidity. This study’s model also reveals the significantly favorable impact that funding liquidity has on the expansion of banks’ loan portfolios, which ultimately results in a more sophisticated increase in the growth rate of bank lending. IMPLICATIONS: This can be an importance piece of information for policy makers in taking accurate decisions to induce the BLG in the presence of an interactive association of funding liquidity and the lending growth rate at different capital levels. We found that the banks’ lending growth rate is significantly influenced by its past values with a significant p-value of less than 1%. The findings imply that capital funds and liquidity funds support the BLG rate in India by strengthening and neutralising the risk involved and absorbing the losses generated by stressed assets. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This study makes a significant contribution to the creation of a more in-depth understanding of the potential relationship between banks’ funding liquidity, capital funds, and bankers’ lending behavior, in particular with reference to developing market nations like India

How Hotel Industry Cope up with the COVID-19: An SME Perspective

This study aims to determine the plans and strategies adopted by the hotel industry during the COVID-19 crisis. In order to conduct this study, a qualitative research methodology was used where semi-structured interviews were conducted from three countries: Austria, Pakistan, and Indonesia. Interviews were conducted online with the help of applications such as Skype, WhatsApp, and Zoom. A thematic analysis was conducted in which codes, categories, and final themes were generated. The final themes are the study's findings, which are strategies for employees, strategies for customers, strategies for SME hotels, and strategies for the staff. Strategies for employees indicate the planning and programs of the SME Hotels. The study's findings show that strategies adopted by the hotel industries vary from country to country while depending on the contextual factors and role of the government. Most Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) hotels in developing countries are less familiar with how to react and survive in the conditions of the crises. Thus, this study can benefit the different stakeholders in the developed and developing countries for adopting strategies and maintain their business during the crises of the COVID-19.JEL Classification: B17, B27, F30, L83How to Cite:Tunio, M. N., Yusrini, L., Shah, Z. A., Katper, N., & Jariko, M. A. (2021). How Hotel Industry Cope Up With The Covid-19: An SME Perspective. Etikonomi, 20(2), 213 – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i2.19172

Role of Information Processing and Digital Supply Chain in Supply Chain Resilience through Supply Chain Risk Management

Purpose – Supply chain (SC) management is more challenging than ever. Significantly, the pandemic has provoked global and economic destruction that appeared in the manufacturing industry as a “black swan.” Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the role of information processing and digital supply chain in supply chain resilience through supply chain risk management. Design/methodology/approach – This study examines SC risk management and resilience from an information processing theory perspective. The authors used data collected from 251 SC professionals in the manufacturing industry, and the authors used a quantitative method to analyze the data. The data was analyzed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling. To confirm the higher-order measurement model, the authors used SmartPLS version 4 software. Findings – This study found that information processing capability (disruptive orientation and visibility in high-order) and digital SC significantly and positively affect SC risk management and resilience. Similarly, SC risk management positively mediates the relationship between information processing capability and digital SC. However, information processing capability was found to have a more substantial effect on SC risk management than the digital SC. Research limitations/implications – This study has both academic and practical contributions. It contributed to existing information processing theory, and manufacturing firms can improve their performance by proactively responding to SC disruptions by recognizing the pivotal role of study variables in risk management for a resilient SC. Originality/value – The conceptual model of this study is based on information processing theory, which asserts that synchronizing information processing capabilities and digital SCs allows a firm to deal with unplanned events. SC disruption orientation and visibility are considered risk controllers as they allow the firms to be more proactive. An integrated model of conceptualizing the disruption orientation, visibility (higher-order) and digital SC with information processing theory makes this research novel

Determinants of the Sustainable Entrepreneurial Engagement of Youth in Developing Country—An Empirical Evidence from Pakistan

The article identifies the motivating factors behind the career preferences of university graduates who chose to engage in sustainable entrepreneurship. In this research, multi-methods—theoretical investigations and qualitative interviews—have been utilized to determine the factors responsible for promoting sustainable entrepreneurship in a developing region. The sample consisted of university graduates who chose to pursue their careers in entrepreneurial activities in Hyderabad, the sixth largest city of Pakistan located in Sindh Province. While determining why young academics choose entrepreneurship as a career choice, entrepreneurial careers are explored as an ongoing process of biographical sequences in which new ways of thinking and communication, new forms of economic and occupational challenges, and necessities as well as ways of success and failure are permanently claimed or raised. Due to these challenges, the youth are confronted with complex social and economic situation to deal with. The study findings provide guidelines on how sustainable entrepreneurship can be developed, engaged, and sustained in the future in developing and under-developed regions

IfS Discussion Papers / The prospects and processes of academic entrepreneurship

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