Facebook addiction: its relation with academic performance of University students

The present study intended to find Facebook addiction and its relation with academic performance of university students from Pakistan. Sample comprised of eighty students (n=80) in total whom are purposefully selected and equally divided according to gender. The universe was public sector higher learning institute named as The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Cross-sectional survey research design was employed. Data were collected by use of Bergen Facebook addition scale. Data were analyzed from SPSS (21.0), descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis were computed to test the hypotheses. Results depict significant negative relationship between Facebook addiction and academic performance of students (β = -.907, t = -4.554). Conclusively, female students consume more time to use Facebook as compare to male students; hence, male students exhibit better academic performance. Limitations and future implications of current study were enclosed

A link between internet addiction and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in Pakistani undergraduates

The current research aims to establish a link between internet addiction and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms among Pakistani Undergraduates. The sample comprised of (N =1020) undergraduates from Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan (BZU) and The Islamia University of Bahawalpur (IUB), Pakistan, including 255 male and 255 female from each university. A-Priori sample size was estimated with 974 participants, to consider sample size sufficiency, twenty three respondents were taken additionally from each university. There were two questionnaires employed; Chen Internet Addiction Scale by © Ko et al. (2005), and ADHD Adult Self Reporting Scale (ASRS) by © Kessler et al. (2005). Cross-sectional survey research design was used. Data were collected through purposive sampling and analyzed by use of SPSS (21.0). Regression, t-Test, mean, and standard deviation were employed. The result depicts; overall 28% students fulfill the criteria of internet addiction, and comparatively BZU students have higher prevalence of internet addiction with ADHD symptoms as compared to IUB. Likewise, male students are found more vulnerable towards ADHD symptoms and internet addiction as compared to female students. Study proved the significant relation of internet addiction with ADHD symptoms (0.082*). Finally, implications, significance of the study, and limitation are enclosed

Frequency of Distribution and Relationship of Nail Changes and Oral Mucosal Involvement in Classical Lichen Planus (LP)

Introduction: LP is an itchy dermatosis. It is of different types with classical LP being a common type. It most commonly affects the skin of the limbs, however, it can affect the mucous membranes, genitals and nails as well. Materials and Methods: 100 patients of classical LP presenting in Dermatology OPD of Benazir Bhutto Hospital were enrolled to assess the involvement of nails and oral mucosa in the disease. Statistical Analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Results: Out of 100 patients, 70% were free from any oral mucosal or nail involvement, whereas, 7% had both oral mucosal as well as nail involvement with classical LP. 18% had oral mucosa affected but nails spared and only 5% had nails affected without oral mucous membrane involvement with the diseases. 25% had oral mucosal involvement with reticular pattern being most common type and 12% showed nail changes with longitudinal ridging being the most common. Fisher’s exact test computed a two tailed p value of 0.0093 showing a significant association of nail changes in classical LP with oral mucosal involvement. Conclusion: Classical LP is an itchy condition which most commonly affects the skin, mucous membranes and nails. However, if oral mucous membranes are involved, the risk of having nails affected by the disease is quite significant. The distribution frequency of nail and oral mucosal changes as well as their predominant subtypes associated with classical LP in South Asians is comparable with rest of the world & other types of L