Frequency planning for clustered jointly processed cellular multiple access channel

Owing to limited resources, it is hard to guarantee minimum service levels to all users in conventional cellular systems. Although global cooperation of access points (APs) is considered promising, practical means of enhancing efficiency of cellular systems is by considering distributed or clustered jointly processed APs. The authors present a novel `quality of service (QoS) balancing scheme' to maximise sum rate as well as achieve cell-based fairness for clustered jointly processed cellular multiple access channel (referred to as CC-CMAC). Closed-form cell level QoS balancing function is derived. Maximisation of this function is proved as an NP hard problem. Hence, using power-frequency granularity, a modified genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. For inter site distance (ISD) <; 500 m, results show that with no fairness considered, the upper bound of the capacity region is achievable. Applying hard fairness restraints on users transmitting in moderately dense AP system, 20% reduction in sum rate contribution increases fairness by upto 10%. The flexible QoS can be applied on a GA-based centralised dynamic frequency planner architecture

Ovarian Dynamic in Ongole Grade Cattle After GnRH Injection in Ovsynch Protocol Based on Progesterone Device

PO cattle have weaknesses to show clear estrus signs which cause difficulty in artificial insemination implementation. The present study was designed to obtain ovarian dynamic as effect of GnRH injection in ovsynch protocol based on progesterone intravaginal device. Heifers (18) and cows (n= 12) were allocated to one of three groups. Cuemate-PGF2α (CP) group inserted with a Cuemate on day 0-7 and injected with prostaglandin on day 7. Cuemate-PGF2α-GnRH (CPG) group was treated as CP group with the addition of GnRH injection on day 9. GnRH-Cuemate-PGF2α-GnRH (GCPG) group was treated as CPG group with addition of GnRH injection on day 0. Ultrasonography was performed on days 0-3, day 7 until ovulation and 7 days after ovulation. Percentage of ovulation synchronization increased significantly (P<0.01) between CP, CPG, and GCPG, respectively, both in heifers (16%, 50%, and 85%, respectively) and cows (0%, 60%, and 100%, respectively), on day 11. Preovulatory follicle diameters between CP, CPG, and GCPG treatments were not different significantly both in heifers (11.9±0.5, 11.9±0.5, and 12.1±0.6 mm, respectively) and cows (11.7±0.4, 11.8±0.7, and 11.1±0.6 mm, respectively). This study concluded that GCPG protocol increased the synchrony of ovulation rate both in cows and heifers, without affecting the follicle preovulatory and CL diameters

Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with COPD

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is beneficial for patients with COPD, with improvement in exercise capacity and health-related quality of life. Despite these overall benefits, the responses to PR vary significantly among different individuals. It is not clear if PR is beneficial for patients with COPD and normal exercise capacity. Although it is believed that longer pulmonary rehabilitation programs can provide better results, most of the evidence comes from short-term programs. Objective: The objective of this analysis was to determine the effectiveness of respiratory services provided in the hospital or community by respiratory therapists (RTs) in reducing health care utilization and improving patient outcomes. The aim was to evaluate the outcomes of a comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methodology: All 65 Pakistani patients who met the inclusion criteria with ages between 40 to 65 years, including both male and female, with mild to severe COPD were enrolled in the study on the basis of convenient sampling. Informed consent was taken from each patient starting about the study and their rights to withdraw from study. A demographics detail (name, age, sex) was noted along with the necessary medical history. A questionnaire was made to see the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD. All necessary tests were performed to evaluate the patient betterment completely. Results: The mean FEV1 in the subjects was 1.29 ± 0.47 L/min, 64.8 ± 23.0% of predicted. Clinically there is a little effect on CXR pattern, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC after pulmonary rehabilitation. But overall quality of life improved after pulmonary rehabilitation. Mainly improvement occurs in peak expiratory flow rate, BORG dyspnea scale, 6 mint walk test distance (meters) and Oxygen saturation after rehabilitation. Conclusion: These results showed that patients with COPD had benefited from a comprehensive PR program in an out-patient setting regardless of disease severity. Exercise training can result in significant improvement in health-related quality of life, exercise capacity, respiratory muscle strength, and exertional dyspnea in subjects with COPD and normal exercise capacity

The Mediation Effect of Trusting Beliefs on the Relationship Between Expectation-Confirmation and Satisfaction with the Usage of Online Product Recommendation

Online Product Recommendations (OPRs) are increasingly available to onlinecustomers as a value-added self-service in evaluating and choosing a product.Research has highlighted several advantages that customers can gain from usingOPRs. However, the realization of these advantages depends on whether and towhat extent customers embrace and fully utilise them. The relatively low OPR USAgerate indicates that customers have not yet developed trust in OPRs’ performance.Past studies also have established that satisfaction is a valid measure of systemperformance and a consistent significant determinant of users’ continuous systemusage. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the mediation effect of trustingbeliefs on the relationship between expectation-confirmation and satisfaction. Theproposed research model is tested using data collected via an online survey from626 existing users of OPRs. The empirical results revealed that social-psychologicalbeliefs (perceived confirmation and trust) are significant contributors to customersatisfaction with OPRs. Additionally, trusting beliefs partially mediate the impactof perceived confirmation on customer satisfaction. Moreover, this study validatesthe extensions of the interpersonal trust construct to trust in OPRs and examinesthe nomological validity of trust in terms of competence, benevolence, andintegrity. The findings provide a number of theoretical and practical implications.&nbsp

Analisis Ketepatan Prediksi Metode Altman terhadap Terjadinya Likuidasi pada Lembaga Perbankan [ Kasus Likuidasi Perbankan di Indonesia ]

Penelitian ini mencoba mengangkat kasus likuidasi perbankan yang terjadi di Indonesia untuk dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Altman. Metode Altman ini merupakan sebuah metode yang digunakan dalam memprediksi terjadinya kebangkrutan pada sebuah Perusahaan yang terdiri dari beberapa rasio keuangan yaitu, Working Capital to Total Assets, retained earning to Total Assets, earning before interest and tax to Total Assets, market value equity to bookvalue of debt dan rasio sales to Total Assets. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, maka fenomena baru yang ingin dibuktikan dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah metode Altman tersebut dapat diimplementasikan dalam memprediksi kemungkinan terjadinya likuidasi pada sebuah lembaga perbankan dan dapatkah rata-rata rasio keuangan sebelum terjadi likuidasi digunakan untuk memprediksi kemungkinan terjadinya likuidasi pada bank-bank tersebut.Dari hasil analisis data terhadap dua kelompok sampel penelitian, yaitu 25 sampel bank terlikuidasi dan 25 sampel bank yang tidak terlikuidasi terlihat bahwa nilai Z-score dari kedua kelompok sampel bank tersebut menunjukkan perbedaan yang cukup signifikan. Nilai Z-score bank-bank terlikuidasi sangat jauh berbeda bila dibandingkan dengan nilai Z-score dari bank-bank yang tidak terlikuidasi. Rasio-rasio keuangan yang terdapat dalam metode Altman menunjukkan bahwa rasio-rasio keuangan kelompok bank-bank yang terlikuidasi jauh lebih kecil dari pada rasio-rasio keuangan kelompok bank-bank yang tidak terlikuidasi. Dari hasil ini kemudian dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode Altman juga dapat diterapkan dalam memprediksi kemungkinan terjadinya likuidasi pada lembaga perbankan. Penelitian ini tidak hanya memperkuat teori yang ditemukan oleh Altman, tetapi sekaligus memberikan perluasan konsep dalam hal ruang lingkup penggunaan dari teori Altman tersebut. Sebagaimana diketahui bahwa antara satu kelompok industri dengan kelompok industri yang lainnya mempunyai karakteristik yang berbeda, sehingga sebuah metode analisis belum tentu dapat diterapkan pada semua kelompok industri tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini telah membuktikan bahwa Metode Altman juga dapat diimplementasikan pada industri perbankan untuk memprediksi terjadinya likuidasi pada bank tersebu

Konstelasi Relasi Antar Aktor dalam Gerakan Penolakan Tambang Emas di Desa Pace Kecamatan Silo Kabupaten Jember 2016

This study aimed to analyze the movements and actors in the resistance movement of gold mining in the Pace village Subdistrict Silo, Jember regency. This research was using the Qualitative method include in-depth interviews and field in research studies,In addition collecting documents related to this research. This research had resulted, in finding the relationships between actors prone to be a trigger of conflict and led to the refusal movement made by the village community of Pace. Conflict of individuals who had an influence that made this conflict had became a mass conflict involving the community at large. Meantime, besides individual behalf, the state also had behalf for mining through PT Antam. The presence of the state in gold mining in the Pace village had become new chapter to the people who reject gold mining in the Pace village