Hydrogeomorphological Study for Shallow Groundwater Prospecting Within Solani Watershed in Haridwar District, Uttranchal. India

Hydrogeomorphological study has been carried out to demarcate shallow groundwater prospecting zones of the Solani watershed in Haridwar district, Uttranchal, India. An integrated geographic database, consisting of spatial and non spatial data, has been generated for the study area using remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) technique coupled with ground truth investigations. The spatial database layers like hydrogeomorphology, land use/land cover, soil, slope and geology generated from topographic maps and satellite data while the non spatial data is derived primarily from ground checking during field survey and from the available literature. These data have been stored in the GIS databank for digitization, computational purpose and output generation to locate the availability of shallow groundwater in solani watershed for prospecting purposes. The result had been show that the southern part of solani watershed associated with hydrogeomorphological unit of lower piedmont (covering 367 km2) has very good to excellent categories of prospect zones while the shallow groundwater prospect zones is very poor in the northern part (hilly area) covering about 163km2of the study due to steeply slopes and very high drainage densities which are grouped together as runoff zone in the study area. In the middle part associated with upper piedmont zone, the category of prospecting shallow groundwater is good and covering about 96 km2 of the area with gentle slope and low drainage density. The present study shows that a spatial technique has been proved to be very efficient in delineation of groundwater prospect zone of the considered area

Application of GIS Technique to Assess the Habbaniya Lake Water for Human Consumption

Geographic Information System (GIS) technique was used in this study to produce a Water Quality Index (WQI) map to assess the water of Habbaniya Lake for drinking purposes. Sixteen samples of fresh surface water were collected and analyzed to verify the physiochemical parameters of the WQI. These parameters include Total Dissolved Solids, pH, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Sulfate, and Nitrates. The result of these parameters has been transferred to the GIS platform to construct a water quality database and map of spatial distribution for each parameter using the inverse distance weight (IDW technique). The results of these parameters were also used to calculate irrigation water quality index values, and transferred to the GIS platform for the production of the water quality index map. The spatial distribution index of drinking water in Habbaniya Lake is depicted on this map. It shows that WQI for all water samples is within the second category (50-100) except (S 5 and S 8) below the second category (<50). The short-scope of WQI indicates that the water quality of Habbaniya Lake has been considered as convergent water quality that fluctuated from excellent water to good water for human drinking. It shows also that the northwestern part of Habbaniya Lake waters is more appropriate for drinking since the Al-Warar Canal drains in this part, which takes its water mainly from the Euphrates River