History of Human Resource Management: It’s Importance in Adding Value to Organizational Success in Gaining Competitive Advantage

Human Resources are the most important factor in attaining highest levels of organizational success by gaining competitive advantage in today’s diverse business world. In order to understand the concept of Human Recourse Management entirely, researchers enlightened different phases/Origins of HRM.  Researchers attempt to find out the importance of human resource management in Organizational culture by discussing the roles of Human Recourse Management and its diversity by elaborating the different types of HRM practices implemented in the organizations and their particular impact on the organizational performance. Researchers conclude authentically after discussing deeply about the HRM concept that the proper n effective application of HRM in Organizations results in organizational success by attaining competitive advantage. Keywords: Organizational Success, Competitive Advantage, HRM, Strategic HRM, Human Capital, Physical Capital

Corporate Governance and its Effect on Decision Making of the Firm

This study has been done to investigate the effect on the performance of an organization decisions and here we discuss some factors such as ownership concentration, board size, and managerial ownership, outside directors, director remuneration and CEO duality affect capital stricture choices with in the firm. Corporate governance is a system in which we can give proper rights to the departments of the firm with an equal and the requirement of  that individual department and the division of resources is according to their responsibilities through which the effectiveness and productivity is also increase. The result suggested that outside directors and board size and ownership concentration have a positive impact on the total debt ratio and long term ratio but have negative effect upon director remuneration and managerial ownership on the long term debt ratio. Variables such as profitability and liquidity are negative impact at long-term debt ratio, where the size of an organization has positive effect on it. Tangible asset has positive impact on long-term debt ratio and negatively related to the total debt ratio. We know that developing countries have week internal and external corporate governance implementations as compare to developed countries Keywords: CG, Capital Structure, CEO Duality, Managerial Ownershi