Impedance source interlinking converter for microbial electrosynthesis energy storage applications

In this paper, a new type of single-stage interlinking converters for Microbial Electrosynthesis (MES) energy storage applications connected to the three-phase grid is presented, in which impedance source network (ZSN) is employed to reduce cost and volume, and meanwhile improve the efficiency. Impedance source converter (ISC) with buck-boost characteristic is able to feed MES with a wide range of voltages in DC side, also, converter grid distortion in AC side is reduced because there is no need to dead time for switching. Different ZSNs are studied and discussed for MES energy application. The applicable ones are selected and a comprehensive comparison is presented. Also, the proposed efficient control for ISC consists of two parts, first ZSN capacitor control plus reactive power control are done by controlling modulation index, and second the objective of tracking active power reference can be achieved by means of controlling shoot-through duty cycle. Simulation results are presented to certify the comparison between ZSNs and to verify the merit of the proposed control scheme.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Reparación de sección de arteria axilar mediante el uso de un injerto autólogo de vena safena mayor

A traumatic humeral fracture is a clinic entity that presents with relative frequency in emergency services. It is estimated that its incidence is between 4% to 5% of all fractures, 45% of surgical neck of the humerus and additionally 85% of these are non displaced. Complications that may occur during surgical correction of a humeral fracture include vascular and neurological lesions, with vascular lesions being the most common (3%). The close proximity of the axillary vasculature to the head of the humerus increased the risk of vascular lesion during the fracture or anterior luxation of the shoulder.This case report presents a 57 year old female patient, with a medical history of traumatic injury to the humerus, 15 days prior to the first consultation. During which she presents with pain, limited functional mobility, and loss of range of movement.An anterior-posterior x-ray is taken of the shoulder, where a complete fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus is visualized. The patient is then taken to a shoulder arthroplasty and at the moment of closing the tuberosities over the prosthesis, it presents with profuse bleeding due to an intraoperative complication that generates a 1cm marginal tear of the axillary artery. This situation required management by vascular surgery who decides to implement the placement of an autologous graft of the major saphenous vein.Introducción: Una fractura humeral traumática es una entidad clínica que se presenta con relativa frecuencia en los servicios de emergencia. Se estima que su incidencia está entre el 4% y el 5% de todas las fracturas, el 45% en el cuello quirúrgico del húmero y, además, el 85% de estas son no desplazadas. Las complicaciones que pueden ocurrir durante la corrección quirúrgica de una fractura humeral incluyen lesiones vasculares y neurológicas, siendo las lesiones vasculares las más comunes (3%). La proximidad cercana de los vasos axilares a la cabeza del húmero aumenta el riesgo de lesiones vasculares durante la fractura o luxación anterior del hombro. Caso clínico: Este informe de caso presenta a una paciente de 57 años, con antecedentes médicos de lesión traumática en el húmero, 15 días antes de la primera consulta. Durante la consulta, presenta dolor, movilidad funcional limitada y pérdida de rango de movimiento. Se realiza una radiografía anteroposterior del hombro, donde se visualiza una fractura completa del cuello quirúrgico del húmero. La paciente es sometida a una artroplastia de hombro y, al momento de cerrar las tuberosidades sobre la prótesis, presenta sangrado profuso debido a una complicación intraoperatoria que genera una rotura marginal de 1 cm de la arteria axilar. Esta situación requirió la intervención de cirugía vascular, que decidió implementar el injerto autólogo de la vena safena mayor. Discusión: La artroplastia de hombro, un procedimiento de reemplazo articular técnicamente exigente, requiere una evaluación integral e intervención oportuna debido a su complejidad. Las lesiones en esta región pueden comprometer la funcionalidad del miembro y la vida del paciente. La identificación rápida mediante un examen físico detallado y estudios de diagnóstico por imágenes es crucial. Las complicaciones, como las lesiones vasculares intraoperatorias, pueden ocurrir en hasta el 3% de los casos. Reconocer signos reveladores, como sangrado activo y pérdida de pulsos distales, es esencial para un diagnóstico y tratamiento precisos. La reparación vascular en tales casos suele favorecer la cirugía abierta, prefiriéndose los injertos autólogos sobre los protésicos debido a menores riesgos de infección y trombosis. La vena safena mayor, con su accesibilidad y características estructurales, resulta ser un excelente recurso para la reparación vascular. Aunque los injertos autólogos han demostrado eficacia, se necesita más evidencia para afirmar su preferencia en todos los casos

Informe de situación de los sistemas ganaderos y de la prospectiva de la productividad de los pastizales en la província de Rio Negro.

El presente documento reúne información sobre la dinámica del pastizal en base al análisis de series de tiempo de un Índice de Vegetación (NDVI) obtenido de datos de imágenes satelitales MODIS, para el período 2000-2019. En otro apartado se presentan registros de precipitaciones en diversas localidades de la provincia durante 2019 y 2020. En la tercera sección se refleja la situación productiva ganadera de la provincia, a través del estado de los animales, el estado del pastizal y el nivel de disponibilidad de agua en las aguadas. Relevado por las diversas Agencias de Extensión Rural (AERs) mediante contacto con productores y otros actores del territorio. Finalmente se establecen conclusiones. En anexo se presenta un informe meteorológico con modelos de estimación a nivel nacional.Estación Experimental Agropecuaria BarilocheFil: Bidinost, Franca. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Agencia de Extensión Rural Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Gaetano, Andres Marcelo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Agencia de Extensión Rural Ingeniero Jacobacci; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Hilda Rocio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Oficina Técnica Los Menucos; ArgentinaFil: Reuque, Raul Esteban. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Agencia de Extensión Rural El Bolsón; ArgentinaFil: Villagra, Edgar Sebastian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Área Desarrollo Rural; ArgentinaFil: Easdale, Marcos Horacio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Área Desarrollo Rural; ArgentinaFil: Bruzzone, Octavio Augusto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Umaña, Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Marciani, Santiago Nicolas. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Área Desarrollo Rural; ArgentinaFil: Llampa, Julio Argentino. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior. Agencia de Extensión Rural Valcheta; ArgentinaFil: Molina, Roberto Ángel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior. Agencia de Extensión Rural Valcheta; ArgentinaFil: Marinzalta, Mauro Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior. Agencia de Extensión Rural General Conesa; ArgentinaFil: Gallego, Juan Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Echevarría, Daniela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Saber, Ciro Adrián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Stiglauer, Marcela Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Valle Inferior; ArgentinaFil: Felice, Mónica Ester. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Alto Valle. Agencia de Extensión Rural Villa Regina; ArgentinaFil: Devesa, Jorge. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Alto Valle. Agencia de Extensión Rural Rio Colorado; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Andrea Betiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Alto Valle. Área de Agrometeorologia; ArgentinaFil: Muñoz, Angel Rafael. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Alto Valle. Área de Agrometeorologia; Argentin

Ciencias de la Biología y Agronomía

Este volumen I contiene 17 capítulos arbitrados que se ocupan de estos asuntos en Tópicos Selectos de Ciencias de la Biología y Agronomía, elegidos de entre las contribuciones, reunimos algunos investigadores y estudiantes. Se presenta un Estudio Comparativo de los Recursos Hidrológico-Forestales de la Microcuenca de la Laguna de Epatlan, Pue. (1993 a 2014); la Situación Actual de la Mancha de Asfalto en Maíz (Zea mays L.) en los Municipios de Jiquipilas y Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, México; las poblaciones sobresalientes de maíz de la raza Zapalote Chico, en la Región Istmeña de Oaxaca; Se indica el índice de área foliar de cultivo de Chile Poblano mediante dos métodos en condiciones protegidas; Esquivel, Urzúa y Ramírez exploran el efecto de la biofertilización con Azospirillum en el crecimiento y producción de Jitomate; esbozan su artículo sobre la determinación del nivel de Heterosis en híbridos de Maíz para la Comarca Lagunera; una investigación sobre la estabilización de semilla de Solanum lycopersicum durante el almacenamiento y estimulación de la germinación; acotan sobre el CTAB como una nueva opción para la detección de Huanglongbing en cítricos, plantean su evaluación sobre el aluminio y cómo afecta la vida de florero de Heliconia psittacorum; indican sobre el impacto del H-564C, como un híbrido de maíz con alta calidad de proteina para el trópico húmedo de México; presetan su investigación sobre la producción de Piña Cayena Lisa y MD2 (Ananas comosus L.) en condiciones de Loma Bonita, en Oaxaca; acotan sobre el efecto de coberteras como control biológico por conservación contra áfidos en Nogal Pecanero; esbozan sobre la caracterización de cuatro genotipos de Frijol Negro en Martínez de la Torre, Veracruz, México; presentan una caracterización hidroecológica de la microcuenca de Arroyo Prieto, Yuriría, Gto., y alternativas para su restauración ambiental; presentan su investigación sobre el efecto del hongo Beauveria bassiana sobre solubilización de fosfatos y la disponibilidad de fósforo en el suelo; plantean su investigación sobre la Germinación y regeneración in vitro de Epidendrum falcatum LINDL; esbozan su artículo sobre genotipos de frijol negro y su tolerancia a sequía terminal en Veracruz, México

Spread of a SARS-CoV-2 variant through Europe in the summer of 2020

[EN] Following its emergence in late 2019, the spread of SARS-CoV-21,2 has been tracked by phylogenetic analysis of viral genome sequences in unprecedented detail3,4,5. Although the virus spread globally in early 2020 before borders closed, intercontinental travel has since been greatly reduced. However, travel within Europe resumed in the summer of 2020. Here we report on a SARS-CoV-2 variant, 20E (EU1), that was identified in Spain in early summer 2020 and subsequently spread across Europe. We find no evidence that this variant has increased transmissibility, but instead demonstrate how rising incidence in Spain, resumption of travel, and lack of effective screening and containment may explain the variant’s success. Despite travel restrictions, we estimate that 20E (EU1) was introduced hundreds of times to European countries by summertime travellers, which is likely to have undermined local efforts to minimize infection with SARS-CoV-2. Our results illustrate how a variant can rapidly become dominant even in the absence of a substantial transmission advantage in favourable epidemiological settings. Genomic surveillance is critical for understanding how travel can affect transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and thus for informing future containment strategies as travel resumes.S

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Smart AC storage based on microbial electrosynthesis stack

In this paper, a variable and smart energy storage system, consisting on a two-level voltage source converter with LCL filter and Microbial Electrosynthesis (MES) stack, is presented. This energy storage system is able to contribute to damp the variability of renewables and provide grid services, by controlling the active and reactive power exchanged with the grid and can be considered as another alternative in the market of storage normally centered in batteries. The proposed system converts electrical energy into methane, taking waste water as another input. The converted energy inside the MES presents a new degree of freedom, which can be exploited to provide ancillary services such as energy management, frequency regulation, voltage profile improvement and oscillation damping. The big challenge for controlling this system lays on the fact that the dc bus voltage of the converter has to be changed in order to regulate the exchanged active power with the grid. This paper presents a cascaded approach to control such system by means of combining extern control loops with fast inner loops. The outer power loop, with a PI controller with special limitation values and anti-windup capability, is used to generate dc bus voltage reference. An intermediate loop is used for dc bus voltage regulation and current reference generation. A new proportional resonant controller is used to track the current reference. The proposed scheme is validated through real-time simulation in OPAL OP4510 hardware in the loop system.Peer Reviewe

Impedance source interlinking converter for microbial electrosynthesis energy storage applications

In this paper, a new type of single-stage interlinking converters for Microbial Electrosynthesis (MES) energy storage applications connected to the three-phase grid is presented, in which impedance source network (ZSN) is employed to reduce cost and volume, and meanwhile improve the efficiency. Impedance source converter (ISC) with buck-boost characteristic is able to feed MES with a wide range of voltages in DC side, also, converter grid distortion in AC side is reduced because there is no need to dead time for switching. Different ZSNs are studied and discussed for MES energy application. The applicable ones are selected and a comprehensive comparison is presented. Also, the proposed efficient control for ISC consists of two parts, first ZSN capacitor control plus reactive power control are done by controlling modulation index, and second the objective of tracking active power reference can be achieved by means of controlling shoot-through duty cycle. Simulation results are presented to certify the comparison between ZSNs and to verify the merit of the proposed control scheme.Peer Reviewe