Present of a causal model for social function based on theory of mind with mediating of Machiavellian beliefs and hot empathy

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationships among theory of mind, Machiavellian beliefs, hot empathy and social functions. To this end, 507 students of fourth and fifth grades were selected through random-cluster sampling. An advanced test of theory of mind, Kidde mach scale, hot empathy index and peer nomination scale were used as measuring instruments. The result revealed causal relations between the theory of mind, Machiavellian beliefs, hot empathy and negative and positive social functions. In addition, the results showed that Machiavellian beliefs and hot empathy were partial mediator variables between theory of mind and social functions in the causal model

The Role of Family Communication Patterns and Sexual Quality in Predicting Attitudes toward Marital Infidelity in Women in Isfahan

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of family communication patterns and sexual quality in predicting attitudes toward marital infidelity in women in Isfahan. Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive-analytical study included married women in Isfahan in 2016. To this end, 50 married women were selected through voluntary sampling from married women in Isfahan women's garden. The research tools included Christensen and Solavi (1984), Samanie's Sexual Quality (2008) and Mark Watley&lsquo;s Marital Infidelity Patterns (2006) Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis (mean and SD) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis in a synchronous manner) with the SPSS software. Results: The results of data analysis showed that in married women, family communication patterns (mutual constructive components (-41 / -0.4), mutual avoidance (0.35) and expectation / withdrawal (36.0)) and sexual quality (-0.51) has a significant relationship with attitude toward marital infidelity (P-value < 0.001). Furthermore, the results of regression analysis showed that family communication patterns (mutual constructivist, mutual avoidance and expectation / withdrawal) and sexual quality significantly predict marital infidelity in women (P-value < 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that enough attention should be paid to family communication patterns and couples' sexual quality in order to prevent the occurrence of marital infidelity. &nbsp

The effectiveness of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy on affection control of anxious women

AIM: The present study was carried out with the aim of assigning the effectiveness of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy on affection control of anxious women who referred to Consultation Centers in Esfahan. METHODS: The research method was quasi-experimental and with pretest–posttest using control group. Statistical population of this study included anxious women who had referred to Aban, Aeein, and Milad-e Noor Consultation Centers in Esfahan in 2016. Among them, 30 persons were selected through convenience sampling and were divided randomly in two control and experimental groups (each included 15 persons). The experimental group attended 15 dynamic psychotherapy sessions that each session lasted 60 min. None of the members of control group attend dynamic psychotherapy sessions. The instruments of the study included Zung's Self-rating Anxiety and Williams's Affection Control Scale. The data collected from scales were analyzed by covariance analysis and using the SPSS-23 software. FINDINGS: The results showed that intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy increased the score of affection control in anxious women (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Considering the results and findings, we conclude that intervention of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy improves and controls affections in women

Designing a Native Happiness Education Package and Examining its Effectiveness on Grit, Hope, Self-Control, Resilience and Academic Procrastination in High School Students

The present study aimed to design a native happiness training package and examining the its effectiveness on grit, hope, resilience, self-control and academic procrastination in 10th and 11th grades high school students. The research method was mixed method, which used theme analysis in the qualitative part, and in the quantitative part, it was carried out as a semi-experimental pre-test - post-test - follow-up design with a control group. In the design and compilation of the training package, the positive and Islamic psychology texts were analyzed using the Attride-Stirling's theme analysis method. Then, based on the extracted themes, an educational package was compiled and validated by implementing it on 4 people as a group of evaluators. In order to investigate the effectiveness of training package on grit, hope, resilience, self-control and academic procrastination, 30 students of the 10th and 11th grades were randomly selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 students in each group). The experimental group was trained for twelve 90-minute sessions. To collect data, the Oxford Happiness Survey, Duckworth et al.'s Grit Scale, Miller Hope Scale (MHS), Connor and Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, Schneider's Self-Control Questionnaire, and Solomon and Ruth Bloom's Academic Procrastination Scale were used. Hypotheses were investigated using the repeated measures and covariance analysis. The results indicated that the happiness training package increased grit, hope, resilience and self-control and reduced the academic procrastination significantly and the effectiveness of the intervention was maintained until the follow-up period. Overall, the findings support the effectiveness of the happiness training package on motivational and emotional variables in high school students

The effect of narrative therapy on resiliency of women who have referred to counseling centers in Isfahan

AIM: The aim of this study is the evaluation of the effect of narrative therapy on the resiliency of women referred to counseling centers in Isfahan. METHOD: The study was quasi-experimental, with pretest, posttest, and control group. The statistical population was women who had marital problems and had referred to counseling centers of Isfahan. At first, by the use of available sampling, three counseling centers of Isfahan were selected. Then, by available random sampling, 30% were selected and were randomly put into two groups of experiment and witness. First, all samples answered to the Connor–Davidson's resilience scale. Then, the experiment group took part in eight 2 h sessions of group narrative therapy. And finally, the posttest of both experiment and control group was performed. To evaluate the data and analyze the results of this study, the analysis of covariance was implemented. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: Findings have shown that the process of narrative therapy sessions has had a significant impact on the increase of tolerance (P = 0.001). The results of this study can be implemented in increasing of women's resiliency