Alcohol odor elicits appetitive facial expressions in human neonates prenatally exposed to the drug.

Specific memories arise during prenatal life as a function of fetal processing of chemosensory stimuli present in the amniotic fluid. Preclinical studies indicate that fetal exposure to alcohol modifies subsequent neonatal and infantile responsiveness towards the sensory attributes of the drug. It has been previously demonstrated that 1-2. day-old human neonates recognize ethanol odor as a function of moderate maternal alcohol consumption during gestation. In the present study 7-14. day-old newborns were assessed in terms of behavioral responsiveness to alcohol's chemosensory attributes or to a novel odor (lemon). These newborns were representative of mothers that exhibited infrequent or frequent alcohol drinking patterns during pregnancy. Different clinical assessments indicated that all newborns did not suffer congenital or genetic diseases and that they were completely healthy when behaviorally evaluated. Testing was defined by brief presentations of ethanol or lemon odorants. Two sequences of olfactory stimulation were employed. One sequence included five initial trials defined by ethanol odor stimulation followed by one trial with lemon and five additional trials with the scent of the drug (EtOH-Lem-EtOH). The alternative sequence (Lem-EtOH-Lem) was primarily defined by lemon olfactory exposure. The dependent variables under analysis were duration and frequency of overall body movements and of facial expressions categorized as aversive or appetitive. The main results of this study were as follows: a) at the end of the testing procedure and independent of the sequence of olfactory stimulation, babies born to frequent drinkers exhibited signs of distress as operationalized through higher durations of aversive facial expressions, b) despite this effect, babies born to frequent drinkers relative to newborns delivered by infrequent drinkers exhibited significantly higher frequencies of appetitive facial responses when primarily stimulated with ethanol odor (EtOH-Lem-EtOH sequence) and c) when merging both samples of babies, a positive and significant correlation was found between overall maternal absolute alcohol consumption per month and frequency of appetitive facial expressions elicited by alcohol odor. In conjunction with previous preclinical research, the present results indicate that human prenatal exposure to the drug that yields no evident teratological effects is sufficient to modify the hedonic value of alcohol's chemosensory attributes.Fil: Faas, Ana Eugenia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: March, Samanta Mabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra; ArgentinaFil: Moya, Pedro Roberto. Hospital Universitario de Maternidad y Neonatología; ArgentinaFil: Molina, Juan Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra; Argentin

A New Methodology to Construct a Database of World University Exams

[EN] How can we improve the homogenization of university education around the world? This is the central question of our research. In order to answer it, we focus on the classic tool used to evaluate students: exams. The aim of our paper is to establish a methodology with which to construct a database of world university exams by academic field. The database would be available to professors and students worldwide, and both categories could use it to contrast their level in a certain subject. In this sense, our proposal aims to achieve two objectives: 1) to maximize the effectiveness of exams as a measurement of students´ knowledge; 2) to use exams as a tool to homogenize education within universities in a certain academic field.Pinar-Pérez, JM.; Fernandez-Moya, M.; Cuadros-Solas, P.; Salvador, C.; Morales-Arsenal, R. (2021). A New Methodology to Construct a Database of World University Exams. En Proceedings INNODOCT/20. International Conference on Innovation, Documentation and Education. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 89-94. https://doi.org/10.4995/INN2020.2020.11822OCS899

Mitigating deficiencies of generation Z through new educational methodologies in a business statistic course

[EN] Nowadays, most of the students in first course at University are from the socalled Generation Z. Since a young age, these students have been used digital technology such as internet, mobile phones, tablets and laptops developing certain skills. But a large majority of these students have some deficiencies such as low knowledge of mathematics, scarce levels of motivation, concentration or logical reasoning and little patience (they want to understand everything quickly). These characteristics must be improved being a hard work to do by teachers. New educational methodologies are being adapted taking into account these digital skills and mitigating the deficiencies observed in some students. This paper presents an analysis of the impact of using new methodological techniques in a business statistics course. The work focuses on the problem of increase the student´s motivation through the use of new digital tools such as video-lessons, screencasts and flipped classroom combined with neuroeducation techniques. Our hypothesis is mitigating the deficiencies of students through increasing their motivation. A multiple linear regression model to a set of students is carried out. Empirical results show, in general, that females take advantage of this methodology implemented better than males. Moreover, students with “good” performance reach better outputs (higher final score and a deeper knowledge of the subject) if additional methodological tools are implemented in the traditional class. While, there is not improvement for “bad” students.Pinar-Pérez, JM.; Morales-Arsenal, R.; Fernandez-Moya, M.; Cuadros-Solas, P.; Salvador, C. (2021). Mitigating deficiencies of generation Z through new educational methodologies in a business statistic course. En Proceedings INNODOCT/20. International Conference on Innovation, Documentation and Education. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 81-88. https://doi.org/10.4995/INN2020.2020.11821OCS818

Impacto de la estimulación olfativa con leche materna y succión no nutritiva en el crecimiento y desarrollo de recién nacidos prematuros

Introducción: El trabajo plantea estrategias de estimulación en las U.T.I. neonatales económicas, ecológicas y no invasivas que implican la utilización de succión no nutritiva y olor de leche materna. El crecimiento pondo-estatural y la recuperación nutricional del prematuro se relaciona con patrones de succión-deglución y con la tolerancia y absorción de nutrientes, lo que se favorecería por la succión no-nutritiva. Asimismo, la estimulación olfatoria con leche mejoraría el estímulo de succión-deglución y la tolerancia gástrica. Objetivos: Analizar las ventajas de la succión no nutritiva y estimulación olfativa con leche materna en el crecimiento y desarrollo del prematuro. Población: 36 prematuros de ambos sexos mayores de 26 semanas EG, con estabilidad cardio-respiratoria y cuyos padres habían firmado el consentimiento informado, nacidos en el H.U.M.N. Material y Métodos: Se establecieron aleatoriamente 4 grupos con 9 casos c/u: chupete, leche, chupete+leche y control (rutina). Tanto el chupete como el olor de leche materna se administraban dos minutos tres veces al día. El protocolo se mantenía hasta la fecha de alta. Se considero el peso: gramos día/ganancia de peso diario. Resultados: Se aplicaron ANOVAs no paramétricos considerando cinco días de tratamiento para unificar las fechas de alta de todos los casos, estos días se contrastaron con 5 días previos. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre los grupos los días previos a la estimulación. A partir del tratamiento, al segundo día se observa una diferencia bordeline a favor de los grupos estimulados con respecto al control (p<0,07). El grupo leche registra mayor aumento de peso haciéndose esta tendencia significativa a partir del cuarto (p<0,04) y quinto dia (p<0,03). Comparando la ganancia gramos/día se observo en el grupo chupete un incremento de 78,6 %, en leche de 74,1%, en chupete-leche de 49,6%, y en el control de 45%. Los modelos de regresión lineal arrojaron un coeficiente de 29,19 para el grupo chupete, 28, 23 para leche, 23,08 para chupete-leche y 23,10 para el control. Los intervalos de confianza revelaron diferencias significativas entre los dos primeros grupos en relación con los últimos. Conclusiones: Aparentemente tratamientos como los aquí mencionados resultan eficaces para mejorar el desarrollo del prematuro. Queda aun por investigar porque el grupo configurado (leche+chupete) no se revela como el mas optimo en torno a la variable estudiada.Fil: Resino, Carlos Fabián. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Hospital Universitario de Maternidad y Neonatología; Argentina.Fil: Faas, Ana Eugenia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina.Fil: Faas, Ana Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Moya, Pedro Roberto. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Argentina.Pediatrí

La colección de lirios (Iris L. Iridaceae) de la Estación Biológica de Torretes – Jardín Botánico de la Universidad de Alicante: Iridario “Christine Lomer”

Los lirios son una de las flores simbólicas más apreciadas desde la historia antigua y así aparecen ligados irreversiblemente a la cultura occidental. Dentro del género Iris s.l. los llamados Bulbosos y Barbados, son los que han sufrido mayor cultivo y selección desde principios del s. XVI hasta nuestros días y son estos últimos los que conforman mayoritariamente la colección de la Estación Biológica de Torretes – Jardín Botánico de la Universidad de Alicante. Probablemente fueron Clusio y Jonh Gerard los auténticos pioneros en el cultivo de Iris y desde el s. XVI hasta finales del s. XVIII la domesticación se basó en la variabilidad intrínseca e hibridaciones de las especies del Mediterréneo oriental Iris pallida e I. variegata, con participación de I. germanica e I. florentina. Asi surgieron los primeros cultivares que incrementaron su variabilidad, gama de colores, tamaño y rigidez de los tépalos, tacto aterciopelado, aromas, etc. con la introducción de especies tetraploides asiáticas. Todo ello multiplicó las obtenciones exponencialmente hasta más de 70.000 registros varietales de la actualidad. En Torretes surge la idea de establecer una colección monográfica de Iris en 2016, tras recibir en donación por parte de Christine Lomer y Nick Brown una réplica del llamado “Jardín de los Lirios” que ellos regentaban en Jalón (Alicante). A están donación inicial hubo que sumarle posteriormente varios cientos de cultivares procedentes de “Iris de Laymont” ofrecidos por Roland Deyoux, presidente de la Societé de Iris et plantes bulboses de Francia. A esto sumamos especies obtenidas por intercambio entre jardines botánicos, que son el origen del llamado Iridario Christine Lomer de Torretes en honor a nuestra primera donante y que mantenemos para disfrute de nuestros visitantes.Irises have been one of the most appreciated symbolic flowers since ancient history and appear irreversibly linked to Western culture. Within the genus Iris s.l., the so-called Bulbous and Beardeds, are the ones that have undergone the greatest cultivation and selection from the beginning of the 16th century to the present day. The latter are the ones that make up the majority of the collection of the Biological Research Station of Torretes – Botanical Garden of the University of Alicante. Probably Clusio and John Gerard were the real pioneers in the cultivation of Iris. From the 16th century until the end of the 18th century, domestication was based on the intrinsic variability and hybridisations of the eastern Mediterranean species such as Iris pallida and I. variegata, with the participation of I. germanica and I. florentina. This is how the first cultivars emerged, which increased their variability, range of colors, size and rigidity of the tepals, velvety touch, aromas, etc. with the introduction of Asian tetraploid species. All this multiplied the number of varieties exponentially to more than 70,000 varietal registers today. It was at Torretes that the idea of establishing a monographic collection of Irises arose in 2016, after receiving a donation from Christine Lomer and Nick Brown of a replica of the so-called “Jardín de los Lirios” that they ran in Jalón (Alicante). To this initial donation had to be added several hundred cultivars from “Iris of Laymont” offered by Roland Deyoux, president of the Société de Iris et plantes bulboses de France. To this we add species obtained by exchange between botanical gardens, which are the origin of the so-called “Iridario Christine Lomer” of Torretes in honour of our first donor, which we maintain for the enjoyment of our visitors

La colección de lirios (Iris L. Iridaceae) de la Estación Biológica de Torretes – Jardín Botánico de la Universidad de Alicante: Iridario “Christine Lomer”

Los lirios son una de las flores simbólicas más apreciadas desde la historia antigua y así aparecen ligados irreversiblemente a la cultura occidental. Dentro del género Iris s.l. los llamados Bulbosos y Barbados, son los que han sufrido mayor cultivo y selección desde principios del s. XVI hasta nuestros días y son estos últimos los que conforman mayoritariamente la colección de la Estación Biológica de Torretes – Jardín Botánico de la Universidad de Alicante. Probablemente fueron Clusio y Jonh Gerard los auténticos pioneros en el cultivo de Iris y desde el s. XVI hasta finales del s. XVIII la domesticación se basó en la va riabilidad intrínseca e hibridaciones de las especies del Mediterréneo oriental Iris pallida e I. variegata, con participación de I. germanica e I. florentina. Asi surgieron los primeros cultivares que incrementaron su va riabilidad, gama de colores, tamaño y rigidez de los tépalos, tacto aterciopelado, aromas, etc. con la introduc ción de especies tetraploides asiáticas. Todo ello multiplicó las obtenciones exponencialmente hasta más de 70.000 registros varietales de la actualidad. En Torretes surge la idea de establecer una colección monográfica de Iris en 2016, tras recibir en donación por parte de Christine Lomer y Nick Brown una réplica del llamado “Jardín de los Lirios” que ellos regentaban en Jalón (Alicante). A están donación inicial hubo que sumarle posteriormente varios cientos de cultivares procedentes de “Iris de Laymont” ofrecidos por Roland Deyoux, presidente de la Societé de Iris et plantes bulboses de Francia. A esto sumamos especies obtenidas por inter cambio entre jardines botánicos, que son el origen del llamado Iridario Christine Lomer de Torretes en honor a nuestra primera donante y que mantenemos para disfrute de nuestros visitantes.Irises have been one of the most appreciated symbolic flowers since ancient history and appear irreversibly linked to Western culture. Within the genus Iris s.l., the so-called Bulbous and Beardeds, are the ones that have undergone the greatest cultivation and selection from the beginning of the 16th century to the present day. The latter are the ones that make up the majority of the collection of the Biological Re search Station of Torretes – Botanical Garden of the University of Alicante. Probably Clusio and John Gerard were the real pioneers in the cultivation of Iris. From the 16th century until the end of the 18th century, do mestication was based on the intrinsic variability and hybridisations of the eastern Mediterranean species such as Iris pallida and I. variegata, with the participation of I. germanica and I. florentina. This is how the first cultivars emerged, which increased their variability, range of colors, size and rigidity of the tepals, velvety touch, aromas, etc. with the introduction of Asian tetraploid species. All this multiplied the number of varie ties exponentially to more than 70,000 varietal registers today. It was at Torretes that the idea of establishing a monographic collection of Irises arose in 2016, after receiving a donation from Christine Lomer and Nick Brown of a replica of the so-called “Jardín de los Lirios” that they ran in Jalón (Alicante). To this initial do nation had to be added several hundred cultivars from “Iris of Laymont” offered by Roland Deyoux, president of the Société de Iris et plantes bulboses de France. To this we add species obtained by exchange between botanical gardens, which are the origin of the so-called “Iridario Christine Lomer” of Torretes in honour of our first donor, which we maintain for the enjoyment of our visitors

Notas sobre Narcissus dubius Gouan y N. × pujolii Font Quer (Amaryllidaceae)

The study of the variability of Nacissus dubius Gouan (Amaryllidaceae) has allowed us to conclude the need to describe a new taxon with a varietal rank within this species: N. dubius var. luteus var. nov., characterized by the yellow flowers. This variety has been located in several areas of the Spanish territory. On the other hand, the original material used by Font Quer to describe his hybrid Narcissus ×pujolii Font Quer (=N. assoanus Dufour × N. dubius) is revised and the lectotype for this name is designated

Uso de información digital 3D en la parte práctica de la asignatura Geología Aplicada a la Ingeniería Civil

Durante el curso académico 2015-16 se han generado un conjunto de herramientas multimedia para la mejora docente en las prácticas de reconocimiento de rocas de la asignatura Geología Aplicada a la Ingeniería Civil de primer curso del Grado de Ingeniería Civil por la Universidad de Alicante. En esta asignatura, una parte de las prácticas consiste en la identificación y clasificación de rocas mediante los sentidos. La experiencia adquirida en laboratorio es difícilmente reproducible por el alumnado, por lo que se han generado un conjunto de rocas en 3D mediante la aplicación de la técnica de adquisición remota SfM, y se han ordenado en un repositorio web con orientación docente. En redes anteriores se ha mostrado la aplicación del uso de dispositivos inteligentes a las asignaturas del Área de Ingeniería del Terreno. La presente red pretende mostrar el proceso de generación de contenidos digitales tridimensionales con herramientas convencionales, su adaptación a las necesidades específicas de los alumnos y el aprovechamiento de los avances tecnológicos actuales para difundir la información entre el alumnado

BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene.

MotivationThe BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene.Main types of variables includedThe database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record.Spatial location and grainBioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km2 (158 cm2) to 100 km2 (1,000,000,000,000 cm2).Time period and grainBioTIME records span from 1874 to 2016. The minimal temporal grain across all datasets in BioTIME is a year.Major taxa and level of measurementBioTIME includes data from 44,440 species across the plant and animal kingdoms, ranging from plants, plankton and terrestrial invertebrates to small and large vertebrates.Software format.csv and .SQL

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group