Age related metabolic syndrome among hemodialysis patients in Gorgan, Iran

People with metabolic syndrome are at high risk for developing cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to determine the age related metabolic syndrome of hemodialysis patients. The biochemical parameters and demographic information were registered. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly high in ages 50-59 and 60-69 years in hemodialysis patients when compared with other age groups (P< 0.05). There was elevated frequency of metabolic syndrome from age 50-59 and 40-49 years in male and female hemodialysis patients, respectively. The frequency of metabolic syndrome in female subjects (65.27%) was higher than male (47.14%, P<0.05). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was high in ages 50-59 years in males and females. There was a significant difference in hemodialysis patients with metabolic syndrome in ages 50-59 years in males and from ages 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69 years in females (P< 0.05). Our results show that 25.71%, 18.57% and 2.86% males and 36.11%, 20.83% and 8.33% females had three, four and five criteria for metabolic syndrome, respectively. The results of this study showed that females patients were more affected than males. This may depended on the specific lifestyle alterations among females and males patients in this area. Marjani et al

A rare presentation of the Klinefelter's syndrome

A 16 years old boy with Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) was not suspected of having Klinefelter's syndrome until he complained of painful gynecomastia. He was under haemodialysis for 2 years. At first, he was in an approximately full pubertal development (P5, G5), but he had a small and a firm testis (length 2.2cm) and some degree of facial male pattern hair. He also had a decreased upper to lower body segment ratio and despite having chronic renal failure, he was taller than his parents and siblings. His laboratory tests showed high levels of FSH and normal levels of LH and testosterone. With regards to all these findings, we suspected that there might be an occult Klinefelter's syndrome. So, we made his karyotype that showed a 47XXY pattern. Because there are only a few number of cases that have occult Klinefelter's syndrome in the basis of chronic renal failure, we decided to report this case

Variations of lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity due to haemodialysis in gorgan

Background: Free radicals are formed in all living organisms during normal cell metabolism. Patients with chronic renal failure who are regularly dialyzed are candidates for free radical damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the variations of lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase due to haemodialysis in Gorgan. Method: The sampling procedure was the purposive sampling of22 patients (age 43.54±9.21 years of old) with chronic renal failure (CRF) disease who were haemodialysed at the 5th Azar hospital of the Gorgan dialysis center (from September 2007 to February 2008) and 22 age and sex matched healthy controls (43.77±9.33 years of old) were recruited for this study. This study was a clinical trial. Results: Plasma lipid peroxidation levels showed significant differences between the predialysis and the control group (P&lt;0.001). They were found to be increased in the post-dialysis group when compared with the predialysis and the control groups(P&lt;0.001).Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase levels were found to be decreased in the post-dialysis group when compared with the predialysis and the control groups (P&lt;0.001).There was also significant difference between it's levels in the control and the predialysis groups (P&lt;0.001).Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase levels were lower in the dialysis group than in the control group. (P&lt;0.001). Conclusions: The significant differences of the erythrocyte superoxide dismutase levels between the pre- and post-dialysis groups may be related to the loss of this antioxidant through membranes during the dialysis process and the decreased superoxide dismutase levels may also be related to the increase of lipid peroxidation in haemodialysed patients. This situation may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis in these groups