Human Behavior after the 2018 Osaka Earthquake

This study examined human behavior after the 2018 Osaka earthquake. The 2018 Osaka Earthquake was the first earthquake that struck an urban area during morning commuting hours in Japan. The internet questionnaire survey was carried out for the 500 people who used the railway in the earthquake occurrence. It was found that 60.4 percent of people went to work and 39.6 percent of people returned home. There were many people who answered that they went home because it was impossible to go to the office. It can be said that most Japanese think that they should go to work even if an earthquake occurs. Because the Internet was available during the earthquake, many people collected information with their smartphones. It was indicated that the anxiety and confusion were little even in the situation where people were confined in the train and the train did not move.本研究は、2018年度関西大学教育研究緊急支援経費による助成を受けた

Teachers\u27 Knowledge and Attitude toward Disaster Prevention Education in Schools

Disaster prevention education in schools is an important component for enhancing community preparation for disasters. This study examines how much knowledge school teachers have about disaster prevention and how and what they teach about disaster prevention at school. A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted to teachers at elementary schools (n = 534), junior high schools (n = 533), and high schools (n = 534). The results revealed that education for disaster prevention was taught by most elementary school teachers, who also had the most knowledge about disaster prevention. Although teachers have a good understanding about the mechanisms of natural hazards and the appropriate corresponding behavior in the event of an emergency, and they teach what they know to students in their schools, they are unaware of the roles of community safety and support personnel, such as district welfare commissioners and members of neighborhood association for disaster reduction, during disasters. The study also discusses the need for teaching materials on the roles these community services provide during disasters, as well as opportunities for teacher training

Critical Incident Stress and Stress Management Education as Disaster Prevention

特集　東日本大震

Effect of the comfort of evacuation centers on evacuation behavior

本研究は，2018年度関西大学若手研究者育成経費において，研究課題「避難情報の表現の違いが避難行動意図に与える影響」として研究費を受け，その成果を公表するものである。日本心理学会第83回大会立命館大学いばらきキャンパス2019年9月11日(水)～13日(金)立命館大学総合心理学

災害多発時代に求められる防災意識のあり方

本資料は「月刊保団連」No.1283に掲載された『災害時、人は「情報」だけでは動かない』のポストプリント版です

Psychological impact of the COVID-19 on Japanese people

The nationwide state of emergency has been declared in April to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The dread and unknown characteristics of the new corona virus raised people\u27s risk perceptions and aroused strong anxiety. In this study, an internet survey (N＝1200) was conducted to examine the anxiety and behavior of people under the declared state of emergency. The results indicated that anxiety related to the new coronavirus increased people\u27s stress, extreme emotion and behaviors such as disgusting others and hoarding products. The psychological impact of the new coronaviruses was greater for women than for men in several aspects. The difference between infected (Tokyo and Osaka) and uninfected (Iwate) areas was small

Radiation Risk Communication after the Great East Japan Earthquake

This paper reports on the radiation risk communication after the Great East Japan Earthquake in Miyagi prefecture. We divided the risk communication into two types. One is a forum type and the other one is a consultation type. The difference between the forum type and the consultation type risk communication and the merits and demerits of them were discussed.本研究は，科学研究費補助金(25460796)の助成を受けたものである

Survey Research for Awareness of Particulate Matter 2.5 in Japan and China : Case of a University in Osaka Prefecture, Okinawa Prefecture, and Nanjing City

This study examined awareness of the health risks posed by PM2.5 in Osaka Prefecture, Okinawa Prefecture, and Nanjing City. A questionnaire survey was administered to respondents of several universities. Respondents were asked to rate their awareness of PM2.5, including the perceived health risk presented by PM2.5 in several countries, fears regarding PM2.5, behavioral intention to take protective actions, effectiveness of their protective actions regarding PM2.5, cost-benefit for their protective actions, and trustworthiness of the information received about PM2.5. The results showed that the respondents of Okinawa Prefecture perceive a higher degree of health risk due to PM2.5 in Japan than the respondents of Osaka Prefecture and Nanjing City. On the other hand, the respondents of Osaka Prefecture and Okinawa Prefecture have a lower level of fear and a lesser amount of behavioral intention to take protective actions than the respondents of Nanjing City. The results suggested that the difference in attitudes toward PM2.5 between the areas is related to differences in their conditions and social systems

The experts\u27 mental models of clinical trials : Comparing the models of doctor and clinical research coordinator

This paper examined how the experts of the clinical trials (e.g, doctor, nurse, and clinical research coordinator) perceive risks, benefits, and costs of the clinical trials. Semi-structured interview survey was administered to the medical doctors (n=6) and the clinical research coordinators (n=6) to clarify their attitudes toward clinical trials. Academic achievement and advance of science were pointed out as benefits of clinical trials by the doctors. In contrast, psychological supports for the patients, such as the trustful relationship between patient and clinical research coordinator and the relief of anxiety about the clinical trial were perceived as benefits of clinical trials by the clinical research coordinators. The problem of the safety of a new medication and the risk of side-effect were pointed out by both doctors and clinical research coordinators.本研究は，科学研究費補助金(22590584)の助成を受けたものである