Epidemiological Study of Injuries among Traffic Accident Patients Admitted to Governmental Hospitals in Isfahan

Introduction: Traffic-related injuries are one of the most significant challenges to the healthcare and socioeconomic systems. This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of injuries in patients admitted to Ayatollah Kashani and Al-Zahra hospitals after traffic accidents. Materials and Methods: The study was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional one. Using stratified random sampling and random numbers, 480 cases of traffic accident patients admitted to Ayatollah Kashani, and Al-Zahra (PBUH) hospitals in the year 1398 (based on the Persian calendar) were selected. A Chi-square test was used to evaluate the hypotheses. Results: Most of the patients' injuries were related to motorcycles (46.3%). The most common injuries were fractures and injuries of the head and face, followed by leg and ankle fractures, especially on the right side. The survey found that the most common season for traffic accidents was autumn, followed by spring. The prevalence was significantly higher in men (77.5%) than women (22.5%). The age groups of 30 to 39 were the most prevalent with 22.7%, followed by 20 to 29 years with 22.3%. Conclusion: The results of this study can help prioritize and implement preventive safety techniques and injury control treatment plans consistent with the Iranian national scientific and research priorities

Iranian version of the quality of life in adult cancer survivors (Qlacs) questionnaire: Examining face and content validity, exploratory factor analysis and reliability

Background: Quality of life among cancer patients after diagnosis and treatment steps is an important factor in preventing further cancer complications. Thus, appropriate tools to evaluate the quality of life among this group are required. Quality of life in Adult Cancer Survivors (QLACS) questionnaire is a suitable tool which evaluates different aspects of life among cancer survivors. Objectives: This study evaluated the Persian version of the QLACS questionnaire among Iranian short-survivors of breast cancer by assessing its validity and reliability. Methods: The QLACS was translated to Persian for this study. The questionnaire�s face and content validity were assessed by a panel of experts by the impact score, content validity ratio, and index methods. In the next step, the questionnaire was filled out by 150 women with breast cancer who were diagnosed 1.5-5 years before this study. Explanatory factor analysis was performed to assess factors. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach�s alpha. Results: Overall, 37 items were selected for explanatory factor analysis that had an impact score of more than 1.5, content validity ratio (CVR) more than 0.99, and a suitable content validity index (CVI). In factor analysis, 10 factors were extracted via varimax rota-tion, accounting for 75.8 of the total variance. Cronbach�s alpha of all the factors was more than 0.7, that was similar to the original questionnaire. Conclusions: We conclude that the Persian version of the QLACS questionnaire has optimal properties for the assessment of quality of life among Iranian short-survivors of breast cancer

Evaluation of physician\'s performance in patient education during discharge from medical interns’ viewpoint in medical university of Isfahan

Introduction: Physician education for patient hospitalization, especially at the time of discharge plays an important role in patient satisfaction, follows the treatment process, their faster recovery, and reduces hospitalization and treatment costs. Knowing the physicians' performance in patient education during discharge can be a good basis for decision-making, planning, and action. This study endeavored to determine the physicians’ performance in teaching patients during discharge from medical interns’ point of view. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the academic year 2019 on 100 medical interns in the internal medicine and surgery wards of educational Isfahan hospitals. The validation is confirmed and reliability was calculated based on previous studies. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (t-test). Results: From the interns' point of view, the physician's performance in teaching the patient during discharge the highest score was in the field of education about drug use at home (score 5.69 from 10, with mean 5. 69±2.31) and the lowest scores were in the field of education about self-care (score 4.69 from 10, with mean 4.69±2. 38) and how the patient performs in the face of problems (score 4.58 from 10, with mean 4. 58±2. 84). Conclusion: Results revealed that from the interns' point of view, in general, the physician's performance in teaching to the patient during discharge was medium and there is a need to increase the quality of education. The results of this research and similar studies in the field of patient education can be provided as comprehensive instruction for patient education by the treatment team and ultimately increase the quality of patient education

Comparing the efficacy of low dose and conventional dose of oral isotretinoin in treatment of moderate and severe acne vulgaris

Objective: This study was conducted to compare the effect of low-dose isotretinoin with its conventional dose in patients with moderate and severe acne. Methods: This was a clinical trial conducted on 60 male and female patients with moderate and severe acne vulgaris. The patients were divided into two treatment groups: 0.5 mg/kg/day isotretinoin capsule and low-dose isotretinoin capsule (0.25 mg/kg/day). Patients in both groups received 6-month treatment. At the end of the 6th month and 12th month (6 months after the end of the treatment), they were examined again, and their improvement was determined and compared. Findings: The average severity of acne in the two treatment groups did not differ significantly within any of the study periods. The most common side effects were nose dryness in the low-dose group (17%) and hair thinning and loss in the conventional - dose group (33.2%), although all the patients had dry lips. Conclusion: According to the same severity of the acne in two groups in different study periods, as well as fewer side effects and more patients' satisfaction, the low-dose isotretinoin can be considered in the treatment of acne

Intrauterine device survival in Iranian women: systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: The intrauterine device (IUD) is one of the modern contraception methods that is reversible, safe, effective, and with long-term efficacy. The problem of using this method is early discontinuation. The survival of the IUD use has been reported differently in different studies. In this meta-analysis, we estimated average time of surviving in Iranian women. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the incident of IUD removed in the Iranian women with a broad systematic review of the literature regarding MOOSES criteria. ISI, Scopus, Medline, WHO, Cochrane, Web of Science, Biological abstracts, Google Scholar and DARE and Iran Medex, SID, Magiran and IranDoc were searched. We defined inclusion and exclusion criteria for selection of articles. All chosen articles were appraised using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. Data were extracted regarding prepared sheets. We used a Cochrane Q-test with a significance 75% as high heterogeneity. We applied both fix and random effect model by comprehensive meta-analysis software. Results: A total of 14 articles was included in the systematic review. These were obtained from screening 63 potentially relevant citations and reviewing 17 full-text study articles. One-year survival of IUD, for the random effects model was 78.4% (69.8-85.1%). Three-year survival for the random effects model was 69.4% (53.3-81.9%). Five years for the random effects model was 49.7% (36-63.4%). Conclusion: Above half of Iranian IUD users discontinued it within 5 years after insertion, it means half of IUD expected lifetime was used and make additional costs to the state and the consumer. To reduce these costs, it is recommended for Iranian women to use the IUD with 5-year survival, and they should be consulted before insertion

The relative risk of toxico-clinical parameters with respect to poisoning severity and outcomes in patients with acute poisoning

Background: Complications or death risk factors is necessary for better monitoring and treatment. The aim of this study was to define the relative risk of toxico-clinical parameters with regard to poisoning severity and outcomes in patients with acute poisoning. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study entailed of patients with acute poisoning admitted to the poisoning emergency center of khorshid hospital, Isfahan, Iran from December 2018 until March 2019. Patients (n = 300) were categorized into four groups (minor, moderate, severe, and fatal poisoning) based on severity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) as the estimate of the relative risk of the different variables for the poisoning severity and outcomes prediction. Results: In the minor group, opioids/opiates, alcohols, and benzodiazepines (14.7%) were the most prevalent poisoning, multidrug (23.3%) was in the moderate and severe groups and finally, pesticides poisoning (23%) was most common in the fatal group. The predictive factors for poisoning severity were pre-hospital antidote administration [OR, (95%CI); P value) [7.08 (1.77-28.34); 0.006]; loss of consciousness [4.38 (1.84-10.42), 0.001]; abnormal ECG [4.56 (1.65-12.56); 0.003]; and time interval of poisoning to admission in the hospital [1.15 (1.02-1.28); 0.01). Patients without complications was observed in 49.7% of subjects. Patients with the loss of consciousness [66.06 (2.41-180.07); 0.01); underlying disease [3.65 (1.09-12.24); 0.03]; abnormal respiration [1.14 (1.02-1.27); 0.02); have had a greater risk of complications and death. Conclusion: Important factors for poisoning severity and/or outcome were loss of consciousness, pre-hospital antidote administration, abnormal ECG or respiration, underlying disease, and delay to presentation to hospital

Familiarity of medical residents at Kerman Medical University with evidence based medicine databases

Background: Using Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) in clinical practice is an important strategy for improving and updating medical services. Therefore, EBM has recently attracted a lot of attention in many medical schools around the world. In this study we tried to evaluate the familiarity of clinical residents who are one of the main clinical decision makers in public hospitals and also the next generation of specialists with EBM and EBM databases. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in 2010 in which clinical residents of Kerman Medical University (KMU) participated. Residents were asked about the four main EBM databases. The data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The data showed that from the respondents only 26.6% knew about EBM and only 28.7% of the respondents were familiar with "Up to Date", 22.3% were familiar with "Ovid EBM Reviews", 6.4% were familiar with "Cochrane" and 5.3% were familiar with "BMJ Clinical Evidence". The frequencies of those that actually used the databases for clinical decision making and could answer the search questions were even less. Conclusions: The results showed most of the residents lack sufficient knowledge about EBM and its databases. The reason is probably the inexistence of a systematic and comprehensive curriculum for EBM education during their residency program or undergraduate program. Thus, due to the importance of learning EBM in this group, there is a necessity to plan a comprehensive and proper education schedule for EBM and EBM database use at the beginning or further stages of residency