Households' Choice of Genotypes and Traits of Preference in Yoruba Ecotype Chicken in Ibadan, Nigeria

This study aimed at evaluating Yoruba Ecotype chicken genotypes of choice and traits of preference in the chicken by households in Ibadan, Nigeria. Data were obtained from a total of 120 households using structured interview schedule. Data were subjected to both descriptive statistics and Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Results revealed that most of the respondents were female; they raised the chicken for income generation and consumption. Most of the respondents preferred normal feather Yoruba Ecotype chicken to other genotypes. The result also revealed that traits of preference by most of the respondents were growth rate, body size, egg production, fertility, disease resistance, temperament, broodiness, mothering ability, hatchability, plumage colour and distribution, social-cultural value, survivability, fecundity, ease of sales and laying of large number of eggs. The Principal component 1 explained over 86.2% in household preferences for all the variables considered in the study. Based on the result of this study, it was concluded that most of the respondents’ preferred normal feather Yoruba Ecotype chicken compared to other genotypes like frizzle feather and naked neck. Traits of economic importance appeared to be consistent in preference for genotype of choice by respondents. The PCI value explained over 86.2% in household preferences for all the variables. Further research efforts on genotypes and traits of economic importance of Yoruba Ecotype chicken could facilitate future breeding programs geared towards increasing the chicken production and productivity among households and smallholders. There is also a need for effective breeding and conservation program to preserve economically important genetic resources of this chicken to prevent the risk of loss of the indigenous chicken genetic pool

Geo-spatial distribution of serologically detected bovine Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) serotype outbreaks in Ilesha Baruba, Kwara State-Nigeria

ABSTRACT The study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and distribution of bovine Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) serotypes in Ilesha Baruba, Kwara stateNigeria. To identify the source of epidemics, geospatial analysis was done on the FMD outbreak locations (n=15) using Global Positioning Service (GPS) device (Etrex R ). Randomly sampled bovine sera (n=64) from herd representatives were subjected to FMD 3ABC enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (FMD 3ABC ELISA) and solid-phase competitive ELISA (SP-cELISA), for the screening and serotyping of FMD virus, respectively. Through ELISA, the FMD serotypes detected in this study were-serotype O (83%; n=53/64), serotype A (7.8%; n=5/64), serotype vaccine O (1.6%; n=1/64)), and serotype vaccine SAT2 (1.6%; n=1/64). Multiple serotypes were observed in two different combinations; these were O and A (4.7%; n=3/64), and O and SAT2 (1.6%; n=1/64). FMD multiple serotype infections were associated with absence of cross-immunity between serotypes and cross reactivity enhanced by clustered herds, highland study area topography, road and river interconnectivity, possible human settlements, activities and traffic. This study provides baseline information on geo-spatial distribution, and identification of prevalent FMD serotypes in Ilesha Baruba, Kwara state-Nigeria

Geo-spatial distribution of serologically detected bovine Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) serotype outbreaks in Ilesha Baruba, Kwara State-Nigeria

The study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and distribution of bovine Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) serotypes in Ilesha Baruba, Kwara state-Nigeria. To identify the source of epidemics, geo-spatial analysis was done on the FMD outbreak locations (n=15) using Global Positioning Service (GPS) device (EtrexR). Randomly sampled bovine sera (n=64) from herd representatives were subjected to FMD 3ABC enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (FMD 3ABC ELISA) and solid-phase competitive ELISA (SP-cELISA), for the screening and serotyping of FMD virus, respectively. Through ELISA, the FMD serotypes detected in this study were- serotype O (83%; n=53/64), serotype A (7.8%; n=5/64), serotype vaccine O (1.6%; n=1/64)), and serotype vaccine SAT2 (1.6%; n=1/64). Multiple serotypes were observed in two different combinations; these were O and A (4.7%; n=3/64), and O and SAT2 (1.6%; n=1/64). FMD multiple serotype infections were associated with absence of cross-immunity between serotypes and cross reactivity enhanced by clustered herds, highland study area topography, road and river interconnectivity, possible human settlements, activities and traffic. This study provides baseline information on geo-spatial distribution, and identification of prevalent FMD serotypes in Ilesha Baruba, Kwara state-Nigeria

Hematology of layers chickens vaccinated with fowl cholera vaccine and experimentally inoculated with virulent Pasteurella multocida serotypes in Zaria, Nigeria

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate some hematological parameters in commercial layers inoculated with two virulent Pasteurella multocida serotypes. Materials and Methods: A total of 84 twenty-week-old black Harco layers were randomly assigned to seven groups (A, B, C, D, E, F and G) with 12 birds per group. 1mLof live attenuated fowl cholera (FC) vaccine was administered subcutaneously at 24 weeks of age to groups A and B, emulsified inactivated (killed) FC vaccine was administered dosed at 0.5 mL per bird subcutaneously at 24 weeks of age to groups C and D, groups E and F were not vaccinated, while group G served as control. Groups A, C and E were inoculated with P. multocida serotype A:1 and groups B, D and F were inoculated with P. multocida serotype A:3. Using McFarland Standard, each bird received a dose of 0.5 mL (0.1 mL intranasally and 0.4 mL intramuscularly) containing 4.5 x 108 cfu/bird. Results: For PCV (P≤0.2692 and P≤0.7643) and HB (P≤0.2806 and P≤0.7266) on day 2 and 10 post inoculation, there was no significant difference between the vaccinated, non-vaccinated groups and control group G. However, there was a highly significant difference P≤0.05 in the mean concentrations of ALP between the control group G (67.67±1.453 u/l) vaccinated groups A (80.33±4.98 u/l), B (81.33±2.60 u/l), C (75±6.35 u/l), and D (84±5.132 u/l) and unvaccinated groups E (104±1.528 u/l ), and F (78 ±3.512 u/l) post inoculation. Conclusion The PCV significantly decrease P≤0.05 in layers vaccinated and inoculated with P. multocida but increase in unvaccinated layers inoculated P. multocida. The mean serum ALP concentration significantly increase P≤0.05 in unvaccinated layers inoculated with P. multocida when compared to layers vaccinated and inoculated with P. multocida. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2017; 4(3.000): 234-240