24 research outputs found
Pathologic findings of anthraco-silicosis in the lungs of one humped camels (camelus dromedarius) and its role in the occurrence of pneumonia
Fractionation of eucalyptus globulus wood by glycerol-water pretreatment: optimization and modeling
A glycerol-organosolv process can be a good alternative for Eucalyptus wood fractionation into its main
compounds, improving the enzymatic saccharification of the cellulose. A study of process variables - glycerol−water percent
content, temperature, and process time - was carried out using a Box-Behnken experimental design. The cellulose obtained from
pretreated solids was recovered almost quantitatively, leading to a solid with a high percentage of cellulose (77 g/100 g of
pretreated solid), low lignin content (9 g/100 g of pretreated solid), and 18% of residual hemicellulose in the solid at 200 °C,
56% of glycerol−water and 69 min. The enzymatic saccharification was enhanced achieving 98% cellulose-to-glucose conversion
(under conditions: liquid to solid ratio 20 g/g and enzyme loading 20 FPU/g of solid). This study contributes to the
improvement of biomass fractionation by exploring an eco-friendly treatment which allows for almost complete wood
fractionation into constituents and high levels of glucose recovery available for subsequent yeast fermentation to bioethanol.The authors A. Romani and F. B. Pereira thank to the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for their fellowships (grant number: SFRH/BPD/77995/2011 and SFRH/BD/64776/2009, respectively)