The Relation between Lifestyle and High-risk Behaviors in Drivers Visiting the Cargo Terminal of Yazd

Background: Drivers are more exposed to unhealthy lifestyle due to their working conditions. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the relation between lifestyle and high-risk behaviors in drivers visiting the Cargo Terminal of Yazd. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2017 in the Cargo Terminal of Yazd. Convenience sampling was performed. Data were collected using two questionnaires, a lifestyle and a researcher-made high-risk behaviors questionnaire. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Logistic Regression using SPSS version 22. Results: The results indicated that 59.3% were smokers, 44.9% hookah users, 24% drug users, and 65.3% had relation with someone other than. There was a significant correlation between lifestyle and smoking and also drug use. Income and the number of days away from family showed a significant relation with all the high-risk behaviors. Marital status had a significant relation with hookah use and the relation with their wife. Also, education had a significant relation with hookah use and drug use. Conclusion: Conducting intervention programs to prevent the use of various tobacco products and also the use of appropriate preventive measures to prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases can play an important role in improving lifestyle and reducing high-risk behaviors in drivers. Keywords: High-risk behaviors, Lifestyle, Driver

Determination of preventive behaviors for pandemic influenza A/H1N1 based on protection motivation theory among female high school students in Isfahan, Iran.

INTRODUCTION Influenza A/H1N1 pandemic has recently threatened the health of world's population more than ever. Non-pharmaceutical measures are important to prevent the spread of influenza A/H1N1 and to prevent a pandemic. Effective influenza pandemic management requires understanding of the factors influencing preventive behavioral. This study reports on predictors of students' preventive behaviors for pandemic influenza A/H1N1 using variables based on the protection motivation theory (PMT). MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional study, multiple-stage randomized sampling was used to select 300 female students in Isfahan who completed a questionnaire in December 2009. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire based on PMT. The statistical analysis of the data included bivariate correlations, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and linear regression. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 15.62 (SE = 1.1) years old. Majority of participants were aware regarding pandemic influenza A/H1N1 (87.3%, 262 out of 300). Results showed that, protection motivation was highly significant relationship with preventive behavior and predicted 34% of its variance. We found all of the variables with the exception of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and response cost were related with protection motivation and explained 22% of its variance. CONCLUSION Promotion of students' self-efficacy, and intention to protect themselves from a health threat should be priorities of any programs aimed at promoting preventive behaviors among students. It is also concluded that the protection motivation theory may be used in developing countries, like Iran, as a framework for prevention interventions in an attempt to improve the preventive behaviors of students

Study of H1N1 Influenza Preventive Behaviors Predictors Based on Health Belief Model in Jiroft People

Background and Objectives: Influenza is one of the most common infectious diseases that its several pandemics cause a huge mortality and damages, often in developing countries. So this study aimed to determine the predictors of preventive behaviors of H1N1 influenza based on Health Belief Model among Jiroft people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 people from Jiroft district in Kerman province entered with cluster random sampling.  The study carried out in 2016. Data were collected with a research-made questionnaire which its validity and reliability were examined and approved. Data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression. Results: Among the preventive behaviors, regularly washing hands with water and soap (%58 always, 24.2% often) and covering the mouth and noise when coughing and sneezing (%51 always, 27.5 often) were the mostly common behaviors. There was a positive significant correlation between behaviors and knowledge(r=0.206, p=0.001), perceived benefits(r=0.308, p=0.001), susceptibility(r=0.130, p=0.009) and severity (r=0.248, p=0.001). The Health Belief Model constructs predicted 15 percent of variance in preventive behaviors of H1N1 influenza, which among them, perceived benefits (β= 0.233) was the most powerful predictor. Conclusion: The study results showed the applicability of Health Belief Model in predicting determinates of H1N1 influenza preventive behaviors. So Health Belief Model can be used in educational programs in order to changing attitudes and behaviors in this area

Efficacy of a facial-aging web app on sun protection behaviors among primary school students in Iran: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Skin cancers resulting from excessive exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation are on the rise. This study aims to investigate the impact of facial-aging app intervention on promoting safe and healthy behaviors and its influence on reducing students' UV exposure. Method Utilizing a Pretest–Posttest repeated-measures design, we developed a theory-guided web app on the WhatsApp platform, named the Sunshine and Skin Health app. This app allows users to visualize their altered faces in three stages of adolescence, middle age, and old age based on sun protection behavior. The intervention continued within WhatsApp, incorporating 27 health messages grounded in the PMT theory, eight educational files, and a skin cancer video clip. The primary outcome is the change in sun protection behavior between the two groups (intervention and control) immediately after the intervention (T2) and the secondary outcome is the change in sun protection behavior between the two groups at 3 months follow-up (T3). The data are analyzed in SPSS 22 and a significance level of 0.05 is considered. Results The results revealed no significant difference between the two groups before the intervention. However, in the intervention group, there were significant differences in the utilization of sunglasses, hats, and sunscreen in the last month, as well as sunscreen reapplication after washing their hands and face, both immediately after the intervention and at the 3-month follow-up, compared to the control group (P = 0.001). Furthermore, a significant intervention effect, time effect, and interaction effect between group and time were observed in behaviors related to using sunscreen in the last month and sunscreen reapplication after washing hands and face (P = 0.001). Specifically, the intervention group exhibited a significant difference from Time 1 to 2 and from Time 1 to 3 (p = 0.001), but no significant difference from Time 2 to 3. In contrast, the control group did not show any significant differences over time. Conclusions This study indicated that the Facial-Aging web app can effectively encourage safe behaviors in sunlight. To ensure the maintenance and sustainability of these behaviors over the long term, it is crucial to consider implementing booster sessions. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20200924048825N1. Registered prospectively on 8 February 2021