Quantifying the leading role of the surface state in the Kondo effect of Co/Ag(111)

Using a combination of scanning tunneling spectroscopy and atomic lateral manipulation, we obtained a systematic variation of the Kondo temperature TK of Co atoms on Ag(111) as a function of the surface-state contribution to the total density of states at the atom adsorption site ρs. By sampling the TK of a Co atom on positions where ρs was spatially resolved beforehand, we obtain a nearly linear relationship between the magnitudes. We interpret the data on the basis of an Anderson model including orbital and spin degrees of freedom [SU(4)] in good agreement with the experimental findings. The fact that the onset of the surface band is near the Fermi level is crucial to finding the observed linear behavior. In light of this model, the quantitative analysis of the experimental data evidences that at least a quarter of the coupling of Co impurities with extended states takes place through the hybridization to surface states. This result is of fundamental relevance in the understanding of Kondo screening of magnetic impurities on noble-metal surfaces, where bulk and surface electronic states coexist.Fil: Moro Lagares, M.. Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; República Checa. Palacky University; República Checa. Universidad de Zaragoza. Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón; EspañaFil: Fernández, Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Roura Bas, Pablo Gines. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; ArgentinaFil: Ibarra, M.R.. Universidad de Zaragoza; EspañaFil: Aligia, Armando Ángel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Serrate, D.. Universidad de Zaragoza; Españ

Diagnosis of Cystic Echinococcosis, Central Peruvian Highlands

High prevalence was confirmed by ultrasonography, radiography, and 2 serologic tests, although usefulness of serologic testing in the field was limited

Evaluación de una bebida láctea fermentada novel a base de lactosuero y harina de camote

 Evaluation of a novel fermented beverage dairy based whey and sweet potato flour Autores:              [1] [2] 3] Armando Moro Peña[4] Dirección para correspondencia: [email protected] Recibido: 2017-06-13  Aceptado: 2018-05-31 Resumen El lactosuero es un subproducto con importantes cualidades nutricionales y con excelente funcionalidad en bebidas, convirtiéndose en una materia prima de múltiples usos. El objetivo fue evaluar la influencia del lactosuero dulce y harina de camote (Ipomoea batatas) variedad Guayaco Morado en la calidad físico-química y sensorial de una bebida láctea fermentada. Se estudiaron tres porcentajes de lactosuero (50%, 60% y 70%) en combinación con dos dosis de harina de camote (4% y 6%). Se evaluaron parámetros físico-químicos (pH, °Brix, acidez, sólidos totales, cenizas, viscosidad y proteína) y sensoriales (apariencia, olor, sabor y textura). Se presentaron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos solo para las variables viscosidad y proteína, obteniéndose como mejor tratamiento en cualidades físico-químicas T2 (50% lactosuero y 6% harina); que también evidenció los mejores atributos sensoriales de apariencia, sabor, olor y textura. La bebida presentó características semejantes a un yogur tradicional y de buena aceptación por los catadores. Palabras clave: Análisis sensorial; bebida fermentada; camote; proteína; viscosidad. Abstract The whey is a by-product with important nutritional qualities and with excellent functionality in beverages, becoming a raw material of multiple uses. The objective was to evaluate the influence of sweet whey and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) flour variety Guayaco Morado on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of a fermented dairy beverage. Three percentages of whey (50%, 60% and 70%) were studied in combination with two doses of sweet potato flour (4% and 6%). Physicochemical parameters (pH, ° Brix, acidity, total solids, ash, viscosity and protein) and sensorial properties (appearance, smell, taste and texture) were evaluated. There were significant differences between treatments only for the variables viscosity and protein, obtaining as best treatment in physicochemical qualities T2 (50% whey and 6% flour); which also showed the best sensorial attributes of appearance, taste, smell and texture. The beverage presented characteristics similar to a traditional yogurt and of good acceptance by the tasters. Keywords: Sensory analysis; fermented beverage; sweet potato; protein; viscosity.   [1] Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Campus Politécnico, Sitio El Limón, Calceta, Manabí, Ecuador. [2] Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Campus Politécnico, Sitio El Limón, Calceta, Manabí, Ecuador. [3] Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Campus Politécnico, Sitio El Limón, Calceta, Manabí, Ecuador. [4] Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Facultad de Agronomía, Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador. &nbsp

Protein synthesis inhibition and loss of homeostatic functions in astrocytes from an Alzheimer's disease mouse model: a role for ER-mitochondria interaction

Deregulation of protein synthesis and ER stress/unfolded protein response (ER stress/UPR) have been reported in astrocytes. However, the relationships between protein synthesis deregulation and ER stress/UPR, as well as their role in the altered homeostatic support of Alzheimer's disease (AD) astrocytes remain poorly understood. Previously, we reported that in astrocytic cell lines from 3xTg-AD mice (3Tg-iAstro) protein synthesis was impaired and ER-mitochondria distance was reduced. Here we show that impaired protein synthesis in 3Tg-iAstro is associated with an increase of p-eIF2α and downregulation of GADD34. Although mRNA levels of ER stress/UPR markers were increased two-three-fold, we found neither activation of PERK nor downstream induction of ATF4 protein. Strikingly, the overexpression of a synthetic ER-mitochondrial linker (EML) resulted in a reduced protein synthesis and augmented p-eIF2α without any effect on ER stress/UPR marker genes. In vivo, in hippocampi of 3xTg-AD mice, reduced protein synthesis, increased p-eIF2α and downregulated GADD34 protein were found, while no increase of p-PERK or ATF4 proteins was observed, suggesting that in AD astrocytes, both in vitro and in vivo, phosphorylation of eIF2α and impairment of protein synthesis are PERK-independent. Next, we investigated the ability of 3xTg-AD astrocytes to support metabolism and function of other cells of the central nervous system. Astrocyte-conditioned medium (ACM) from 3Tg-iAstro cells significantly reduced protein synthesis rate in primary hippocampal neurons. When added as a part of pericyte/endothelial cell (EC)/astrocyte 3D co-culture, 3Tg-iAstro, but not WT-iAstro, severely impaired formation and ramification of tubules, the effect, replicated by EML overexpression in WT-iAstro cells. Finally, a chemical chaperone 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) rescued protein synthesis, p-eIF2α levels in 3Tg-iAstro cells and tubulogenesis in pericyte/EC/3Tg-iAstro co-culture. Collectively, our results suggest that a PERK-independent, p-eIF2α-associated impairment of protein synthesis compromises astrocytic homeostatic functions, and this may be caused by the altered ER-mitochondria interaction

First Light LBT AO Images of HR 8799 bcde at 1.65 and 3.3 Microns: New Discrepancies between Young Planets and Old Brown Dwarfs

As the only directly imaged multiple planet system, HR 8799 provides a unique opportunity to study the physical properties of several planets in parallel. In this paper, we image all four of the HR 8799 planets at H-band and 3.3 microns with the new LBT adaptive optics system, PISCES, and LBTI/LMIRCam. Our images offer an unprecedented view of the system, allowing us to obtain H and 3.3$ micron photometry of the innermost planet (for the first time) and put strong upper-limits on the presence of a hypothetical fifth companion. We find that all four planets are unexpectedly bright at 3.3 microns compared to the equilibrium chemistry models used for field brown dwarfs, which predict that planets should be faint at 3.3 microns due to CH4 opacity. We attempt to model the planets with thick-cloudy, non-equilibrium chemistry atmospheres, but find that removing CH4 to fit the 3.3 micron photometry increases the predicted L' (3.8 microns) flux enough that it is inconsistent with observations. In an effort to fit the SED of the HR 8799 planets, we construct mixtures of cloudy atmospheres, which are intended to represent planets covered by clouds of varying opacity. In this scenario, regions with low opacity look hot and bright, while regions with high opacity look faint, similar to the patchy cloud structures on Jupiter and L/T transition brown-dwarfs. Our mixed cloud models reproduce all of the available data, but self-consistent models are still necessary to demonstrate their viability.Comment: Accepted to Ap

Near barrier scattering of 8He on 208Pb

The exotic nucleus 8He is investigated by means of the measurement of the angular distributions of the elastic channel and the 6He and 4He fragment yields produced in the collision with a 208Pb target at two energies around the Coulomb barrier, 16 and 22 MeV. The experiment was performed at the GANIL-SPIRAL facility, with the aim of extracting information about the structure of 8He and the relevant reaction mechanisms. In this contribution, details of the experimental setup and preliminary data on elastic cross sections are reported

Educación y desigualdad en tiempos de pandemia : un estado de la cuestión

El artículo presenta un estado de la cuestión de la producción de conocimiento sobre la desigualdad educativa en y a partir de la pandemia por COVID-19, realizado entre 2020 y 2021. En las escalas internacional, regional (Latinoamérica), nacional (Argentina) y subnacional (provinciales, nivel local), relevamos libros, informes y artículos publicados en revistas científicas, repositorios y sitios web de organismos gubernamentales y/o internacionales. Uno de los principales hallazgos es que los marcos teóricos empleados siguen enfoques pre-pandémicos, y el trabajo empírico realizado consiste en procesar datos secundarios previos, complementados con encuestas o entrevistas telefónicas/on line, dada la limitación al contacto interpersonal. En otros prevalece un tono más ensayístico. En general, los/as autores/as coinciden en el agravamiento de las condiciones de desigualdad preexistentes, medido a través de distintas categorías: brechas digitales, problemas de competencias, capital cultural de las familias, y enfoques provenientes de la salud mental, que fueron útiles para identificar la situación de estudiantes y docentes en pandemia. Se plantea que las escuelas afrontan nuevamente los desafíos de educar/acompañar en situaciones de vulnerabilidad, y esa diferenciación aparece segmentada socialmente. La reducción de los contenidos de enseñanza y el cierre de escuelas afectó más fuertemente a países del sur global. En todas las escalas relevadas emerge el cuestionamiento al formato escolar clásico, a la identificación de brechas que refieren a lo propiamente escolar, el uso de tecnologías y el modo en que ello es desplegado por los equipos docentes; todo ello como claves en la profundización de las desigualdades educativas.The article presents a state of the art of knowledge production on educational inequality in and since the COVID-19 pandemic, conducted between 2020 and 2021. At the international, regional (Latin America), national (Argentina) and subnational (provincial, local level) scales, we reviewed books, reports and articles published in scientific journals, repositories and websites of governmental and/or international agencies. One of the main findings is that the theoretical frameworks employed follow pre-pandemic approaches, and the empirical work carried out consists of processing previous secondary data, complemented with surveys or telephone/online interviews, given the limitation of interpersonal contact. In others, a more essayistic tone prevails. In general, the authors agree on the worsening of preexisting conditions of inequality, measured through different categories: digital gaps, skills problems, cultural capital of families, and mental health approaches, which were useful to identify the situation of students and teachers in a pandemic. It is suggested that schools are once again facing the challenges of educating/accompanying in situations of vulnerability, and that this differentiation appears socially segmented. The reduction of teaching content and the closure of schools has had a greater impact on countries in the global south. In all the scales surveyed, the questioning of the classic school format emerges, as well as the identification of gaps that refer to the school itself, the use of technologies and the way in which this is deployed by the teaching staff, all of which are key factors in the deepening of educational inequalities.Fil: Servetto, Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Fuentes, Sebastián Gerardo. Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero; Argentina.Fil: Fuentes, Sebastián Gerardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Balaguer, Franco. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Tavella, María Emilia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Cuchan, Natalia Soledad. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Aguero, Magalí. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento; Argentina.Fil: Belmes, Armando. Instituto de Desarrollo Económico y Social; Argentina.Fil: Galarza, Carolina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Grigioni, Agustina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Lastra, Antonella. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Moro Eik, Lucía. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Pellizari, Laura. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Sanchez Escalante, María Celeste. Universidad Nacional de Catamarca; Argentina.Fil: Sanchez Escalante, María Celeste. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Suertegaray, Francisco. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.Fil: Yapur, Jorgelina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Yapur, Jorgelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin