Geometric Morphometrics sheds light on the systematics affinities of two enigmatic dwarf Neotropical sedges (Carex, Cyperaceae)

Geometric morphometrics (GM) is a powerful analytical tool that enables complete quantification of shapes. Its use in Botany has a great potential for complementing plant evolutionary and ecological studies. Taxonomic delimitation in Carex has been complicated due to reduction of characters and frequent homoplasy. This problem is more marked in cases where the species exhibit dwarfism. South America is the continent with the least understood Carex flora. The systematic relationships of some bizarre-looking groups were not unraveled until molecular phylogenetic studies resolved their relationships. In particular, there are two species only known from their type material whose affinities remain uncertain: Carex herteri and C. hypsipedos. These two taxa are acaulescent plants that respectively grow in the Uruguayan pampa and Peruvian high-altitude meadows. Recently, both species were ascribed to the Carex phalaroides group (subgen. Psyllophorae, sect. Junciformes) due to superficial morphological similarities, such as the androgynous peduncled spikes. However, their character combination is also coincident for its circumscription to sect. Abditispicae species. Nevertheless, in the absence of confirmation from molecular analyses, their placement must be considered preliminary until additional data can be provided. In this work we employ for the first time geometric morphometrics (GM) tools to assess the systematic affinities of two taxonomically problematic sedge species based on fruit shape. We compared utricle morphology of C. herteri and C. hypsipedos with that of C. phalaroides group and species in sect. Abditispicae. To this end we used GM and traditional morphometric approaches. Utricle shape variation along with other morphological features support the exclusion of these two species from the C. phalaroides gr. and, at the same time, show clear affinities of C. herteri to sect. Abditispicae. Carex hypsipedos remains as an incertae sedis species. Our work shows the potential utility of GM for the exploration of systematic affinities in sedges and in other graminoids

Does family matter? A study of parents’ influence on the entrepreneurial intention of technical degrees students in Spain

The purpose of this study is to verify the parental influence on the entrepreneurial intention of technical degrees students in Spain. In an economic crisis context such as the one Spain is currently suffering, entrepreneurship is often regarded as an opportunity for productivity increase and wealth generation, especially if it is technology-based. Therefore, the research of factors that may determine young engineers’ attitude towards entrepreneurship is of great interest. Special attention is paid to parents’ role as knowledge transferors, as their experience may have a positive effect on the entrepreneurial intention of their children

Importancia de los modelos de conducta en la intención emprendedora en estudiantes de ingeniería = The importance of role models for the entrepreneurial intention of technical degrees students

El emprendimiento de base tecnológica es un tema crítico para la generación de crecimiento económico, por lo que conocer los determinantes de la intención emprendedora de estudiantes de universidades técnicas adquiere una especial relevancia. En este estudio se analiza la importancia de los modelos de conducta en la intención emprendedora entre los estudiantes de carreras técnicas. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes de padres empresarios tienen una intención emprendedora superior a la media, mientras que los de hijos de padres funcionarios están por debajo de ella. Igualmente, la ausencia de modelos de conducta emprendedora en el entorno cercano disminuye la intención emprendedora, mientras que la ausencia de funcionarios no la hace aumentar

Stroke care during the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain: the experience of spanish stroke units

Comparative study[Abstract] Background and purpose: Spain has been heavily affected by COVID-19. Reallocation of resources for managing the outbreak might have caused a disruption in stroke care. This study analyses the impact on stroke care of reorganising the healthcare system in response to the first COVID-19 outbreak peak in Spain and the strategies adopted by Spanish stroke units to deal with this impact. Materials and methods: We obtained data from a structured survey sent to the responsible of stroke units across the country. We recorded the number of strokes, stroke code activations, intravenous thrombolysis treatments and mechanical thrombectomies during February and March 2019 and 2020. We also collected information on the impact on workflow metrics and on the availability of specialised neurological care and rehabilitation treatments, the characteristics of stroke care for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the impact on human resources. We compared the activity data between 2019 and 2020 and the information on activity and impact on stroke care between regions classified according to the disease incidence rate. Results: Fifty-seven (75%) of all stroke units in Spain responded to the survey. There was an overall reduction in admissions for all stroke types during the outbreak's peak and in the number of stroke code activations and intravenous thrombolysis treatments, results that were independent of the COVID-19 incidence rate. Participants reported a delay in workflow metrics and a reduction of admissions to stroke units, outpatient clinics and rehabilitation therapies. Specific pathways and protocols for managing stroke patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been established. Conclusion: The COVID-19 outbreak has jeopardised all phases of stroke care. As a consequence, some patients with stroke did not receive adequate treatment

Farmacovigilancia: ¿y si notificamos?

Introducción: Farmacovigilancia es la actividad de salud pública que tiene como objetivo la identificación, cuantificación, evaluación y prevención de los riesgos del uso de los medicamentos una vez comercializados, permitiendo así el seguimiento de los posibles efectos adversos. Según las últimas estadísticas del Centro Andaluz de Farmacovigilancia las notificaciones por farmacéuticos solo suponen el 9 % de las realizadas por los profesionales sanitarios. A la vista de estos datos se propuso un estudio para conocer los motivos de la falta de notificación y resolver los posibles problemas.Método: Se elaboró un cuestionario ad hoc, que se envió a todos los farmacéuticos de la provincia de Huelva.Resultados: Participaron 66 farmacéuticos. El 91 % conoce la tarjeta amarilla, dispone de ella el 45 %, conoce la vía web el 34 %, ha notificado alguna vez 34 % (7 % lo hace siempre que se encuentra una reacción adversa). El 60 % no ha notificado nunca y un 15 % piensa que no es obligatorio. Los motivos por los que no se notifica son falta de información 44 %, falta de formación 41 %, falta de tiempo 36 % y no disponer de tarjeta amarilla 29 %. Los titulares demandan una mayor información y formación. Los adjuntos ven la falta de tiempo como principal motivo de la no notificación.Discusión: Ante la poca notificación por los farmacéuticos y la importancia de este tema, se propone una campaña de concienciación entre los farmacéuticos de Huelva para mejorar estos resultados. Para ello se enviará a todos los colegiados un díptico formativo con la finalidad de resolver los principales inconvenientes de la notificación

Components of dental clinic patient loyalty as perceived by the dentist

The dental clinic market has been subject to different changes while have led to the development of a new business model for the sector. These changes have been the great increase in the number of dentists, new business models, the demand of new services, churn patients, among others. With the purpose of stopping patient churn, the main objective of this research is to investigate the perception that the dentist has of the behavior of Loyal Patient (LP) and Non-loyal Patient (NLP) in dental clinics. The study analyzes the data obtained from a survey collected among 220 Spanish dentists who were active during 2012. The main findings obtained from the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) are: (i) the dentist perceives that the behavior of the LP is driven by three components: "Same dental clinic and recommendation", "Patient willingness" and "Low sensitivity to prices"; (ii) the dentist perceives that the behavior of the NLP is driven by three components: "High sensitivity to prices", "High churn and few recommendation" and "Less visits". This study allow to understand patient loyalty in dental clinics by a holistic approach, evaluating the dentist's perception; at the same time, it helps in decreasing negative bias in the dentist in order not to condition their professional behavior when a new patient arrives at the clinic

Social companies as an innovative and sustainable way of solving social problems. A case study from Spain.

In the current context of economic crisis, there is an increasing need for new approaches for solving social problems without relying upon public resources. With this regard, social entrepreneurship has been arising as an important solution to develop social innovations and address social needs. Social entrepreneurs found new ventures that aim at solving social problems. The main purpose of this research is to identify the general profile of the social entrepreneurs and the main features of social companies, such as geographic scope, profit or non-profit approach, collaborative networks, decision making structure, and typologies of customers that benefit from their social actions

Information and complexity analysis of spatial data

This work was supported by MCIU/AEI/ERDF, EU, Spain grant PGC2018-098860-B-I00, and by grant A-FQM-345-UGR18 cofinanced by the ERDF Operational Programme 2014–2020 and the Economy and Knowledge Council of the Regional Government of Andalusia, Spain .Information Theory provides a fundamental basis for analysis, and for a variety of subsequent methodological approaches, in relation to uncertainty quantification. The transversal character of concepts and derived results justifies its omnipresence in scientific research, in almost every area of knowledge, particularly in Physics, Communications, Geosciences, Life Sciences, etc. Information-theoretic aspects underlie modern developments on complexity and risk. A proper use and exploitation of structural characteristics inherent to spatial data motivates, according to the purpose, special considerations in this context. In this paper, some relevant approaches introduced regarding the informational analysis of spatial data, related aspects concerning complexity analysis, and, in particular, implications in relation to the structural assessment of multifractal point patterns, are reviewed under a conceptually connective evolutionary perspective.MCIU/AEI/ERDF, EU, Spain PGC2018-098860-B-I00ERDF Operational Programme 2014–2020 A-FQM-345-UGR18Regional Government of Andalusia, Spai

First isolation and characterization of Chryseobacterium shigense from rainbow trout

BACKGROUND There have been an increasing number of infections in fish associated with different species of Chryseobacterium, being considered potentially emerging pathogens. Nevertheless the knowledge of the diversity of species associated with fish disease is partial due to the problems for a correct identification at the species level based exclusively on phenotypic laboratory methods. RESULTS Chryseobacterium shigense was isolated from the liver, kidney and gills of diseased rainbow trout in different disease episodes that occurred in a fish farm between May 2008 and June 2009. Identity of the isolates was confirmed by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic characterization. Isolates represented a single strain as determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. CONCLUSIONS This is the first description of the recovery of C. shigense from clinical specimens in trout, a very different habitat to fresh lactic acid beverage where it was initially isolated

Sex and time-of-day impact on anxiety and passive avoidance memory strategies in mice

© 2020 The authors. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00068In humans, anxiety and cognitive processes are age, gender, and time of day dependent. The purpose of the present study was to assess whether the time of day and sex have an influence on anxiety and emotional memory in adult mice. Light-dark and passive avoidance (PA) tests were performed at the beginning and at the end of the light cycle, defined as Zeitgeber time (ZT) ZT0-2.5 and ZT9.5-12, respectively. A baseline difference in anxiety was not found, but on the 24 h retention trial of the PA test, females presented longer latencies to enter into the dark compartment at the ZT0-2.5 time point of the day. The data from the second test day (PA reversal trial) indicated that some animals associated the dark compartment with an aversive stimulus (shock), while others associated the aversive stimulus with crossing from one compartment to another. At the ZT9.5-12, female mice mainly related the aversive stimulus to transferring from one compartment to another, while male mice associated darkness with the aversive stimulus. There was a negative correlation between the frequency of light-dark transitions in the light-dark test and the PA latency on the 24 h retention trial in males tested at ZT0-2.5. The PA latency on the reversal and 24 h retention trials negatively correlated with a risk assessment behavior in male mice tested on ZT0-2.5 and ZT9.5-12, respectively. In conclusion, our data reveal that the impact of motor activity and risk assessment behavior on PA memory formation and applied behavioral strategies are time of day and sex dependent