Current-driven and field-driven domain walls at nonzero temperature

We present a model for the dynamics of current- and field-driven domain-wall lines at nonzero temperature. We compute thermally-averaged drift velocities from the Fokker-Planck equation that describes the nonzero-temperature dynamics of the domain wall. As special limits of this general description, we describe rigid domain walls as well as vortex domain walls. In these limits, we determine also depinning times of the domain wall from an extrinsic pinning potential. We compare our theory with previous theoretical and experimental work

de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky massive photon gases in cosmology

We investigate the influence of massive photons on the evolution of the expanding universe. Two particular models for generalized electrodynamics are considered, namely de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics. We obtain the equation of state (EOS) $P=P(\varepsilon)$ for each case using dispersion relations derived from both theories. The EOS are inputted into the Friedmann equations of a homogeneous and isotropic space-time to determine the cosmic scale factor $a(t)$. It is shown that the photon non-null mass does not significantly alter the result $a\propto t^{1/2}$ valid for a massless photon gas; this is true either in de Broglie-Proca's case (where the photon mass $m$ is extremely small) or in Bopp-Podolsky theory (for which $m$ is extremely large).Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures; v2 matches the published versio

Comportamiento de cinco poblaciones de maiz y de sus respectivos hibridos interpoblacionales en suelos fertiles y acidos.

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue verificar el comportamiento de cinco poblaciones de maiz (Zea mays L.), selecionados en condiciones de suelo cerrado no corregido (acido) (CMS 36 y CMS 30) y en suelo de cerrado corregido (CMS 14, CMS 04 y CMS 13), sus cruzamientos y cuatro hibridos comerciais en dos ambientes: suelo acido y fertil. Los utilizados en este estudio fueron, peso de mazorca (PE), altura de planta (AP), altura de mazorca (AE) y dias a la floracion masculina (DFM). Todos los caracteres fueron afectados por el tipo de ambiente. Para PE las poblaciones CMS 36 y CMS 30, presentaron buen despeno en suelo acido mas no en suelo fertil y las poblaciones CMS 04, CMS 14 y CMS 13 fueron mejores en suelo fertil. El hibrido CMS 36 x CMS 30 fue el mejor en suelo acido y el CMS 14 x CMS 36 fue el mejor en suelo fertil. La poblacion CMS 36 fue superior a los cuatro hibridos comerciales en suelo acido. El analisis conjunto de variancia nostro efectos altamente significativos (P < 0,001) para localidades (PE, AP, AE y DFM), poblacion (AP y AE) Y localidad x poblacion (PE); y significativos (P < 0,05) para cultivares (PE, AP y AE), poblaciones (PE y DFM), heterosis media (PE, DFM), y localidad por cultivar (PE), localidad x poblacion (dfm). Para el caracter PE la mayor estimacion de los efectos de localidades por heterosis de poblacion fue de la CMS 36 en suelo fertil y en suelo acido fue la CMS 04. Los hibridos CMS 30 x CMS 13 Y cms 36 X CMS 30 presentaron el mayor y menor efecto de localidad por heterosis especifica para suelo fertil y acido, respectivamente. para eterosis de poblacion la CMS 30 presento el mayor efecto, en tanto que la CMS 04 presento el menor. mayores efectos pra heterosis especifica fueron detectados para los hibridos CMS 30 x CMS 13 y CMS 13 X cms 36

Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of different extracts of delipidified olive oil pomace

Introduction: The use of by-products as a source of bioactive compounds with economic added value is one of the objectives of the circular economy. Olive oil industry is a source of olive pomace, as a by-product. The olive pomace used in the present study was the exhausted (delipidified) olive pomace, which is the by-product generated after drying and subsequent hexane extraction of residual oil from the olive pomace. This exhausted olive oil pomace may contain remaining bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, which can be of interest not only for the food industry, but also for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Objectives: Various types of green methodologies, such as solvent extraction (water and hydroalcoholic), ultrasound-assisted extraction, ultra-turrax-assisted extraction and enzyme-assisted extraction (cellulase; viscoenzyme) were used to obtain extracts rich in bioactive compounds from the exhausted olive oil pomace. The bioactivity of these extracts was evaluated through the antioxidant activity. Conclusions: Among all methodologies used the extractions with enzymes produced the best yields of extraction and the conventional extraction with water at 50 °C produced the best results for the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity: ABTS, DPPH and ORAC.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Recent highlights in sustainable bio-based edible films and coatings for fruit and vegetable applications

The present review paper focuses on recent developments in edible films and coatings made of base compounds from biological sources, namely plants, animals, algae, and microorganisms. These sources include by-products, residues, and wastes from agro-food industries and sea products that contribute to sustainability concerns. Chitosan, derived from animal biological sources, such as crustacean exoskeletons, has been the most studied base compound over the past three years. Polysaccharides typically constitute no more than 3–5% of the film/coating base solution, with some exceptions, like Arabic gum. Proteins and lipids may be present in higher concentrations, such as zein and beeswax. This review also discusses the enrichment of these bio-based films and coatings with various functional and/or bioactive compounds to confer or enhance their functionalities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-enzymatic properties, as well as physical properties. Whenever possible, a comparative analysis among different formulations was performed. The results of the applications of these edible films and coatings to fruit and vegetable products are also described, including shelf life extension, inhibition of microbial growth, and prevention of oxidation. This review also explores novel types of packaging, such as active and intelligent packaging. The potential health benefits of edible films and coatings, as well as the biodegradability of films, are also discussed. Finally, this review addresses recent innovations in the edible films and coatings industry, including the use of nanotechnologies, aerogels, and probiotics, and provides future perspectives and the challenges that the sector is facing.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Exogenous Influences on the Growth Dynamics of High Quality Timber Species from the Amazon .

In this study special attend was given to the important species for high quality wood production Swietenia macrophylla, Carapa guianensis, and Cedrela odorata (Meliaceae)