Investigation Sleep Quality and Its Effective Factors in Shahroud Firefighters

Background: Physical and mental health are significantly related to adequate sleep and sleep satisfaction. Sleeping disorder is one of the most severe occupational risks for modern firefighting services. Thus, the current study was conducted to evaluate sleep quality and its effective factors in firefighters‏. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out among all firefighters in Shahroud, Iran, in 2017. All data were collected by a two-part questionnaire containing demographic information and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which was completed while interviewing the participants. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: PSQI was obtained as 7.65±2.98, which classified into "Low Quality." Sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep disturbances and day-time dysfunction had a significant relationship with sleep quality (P<0.05). Moreover, the results demonstrated that PSQL score had a strong relationship with age and BMI (F-model= 21.78 and P<0.001 and r=0.701). Conclusions: Results of this study showed that firefighters have not adequate sleep quality. It is suggested to participate young people in missions since their sleep quality was better. Also, weight loss is suggested for overweight people in order to improve their sleep quality‏

Investigation Sleep Quality and Its Effective Factors in Shahroud Firefighters

Background: Physical and mental health are significantly related to adequate sleep and sleep satisfaction. Sleeping disorder is one of the most severe occupational risks for modern firefighting services. Thus, the current study was conducted to evaluate sleep quality and its effective factors in firefighters‏. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out among all firefighters in Shahroud, Iran, in 2017. All data were collected by a two-part questionnaire containing demographic information and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which was completed while interviewing the participants. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: PSQI was obtained as 7.65±2.98, which classified into "Low Quality." Sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep disturbances and day-time dysfunction had a significant relationship with sleep quality (P<0.05). Moreover, the results demonstrated that PSQL score had a strong relationship with age and BMI (F-model= 21.78 and P<0.001 and r=0.701). Conclusions: Results of this study showed that firefighters have not adequate sleep quality. It is suggested to participate young people in missions since their sleep quality was better. Also, weight loss is suggested for overweight people in order to improve their sleep quality‏

Characterization of Odorous Gaseous Emissions from a Rendering Plant by GC-MS and Evaluate the Performance of Existing Refiners

Background: Among the industrial activities that may cause odor nuisance problems, baking waste one is of the sources of bad odor, and therefore individuals complain from the industry. The aim of this study was to evaluation of pollutants released from poultry rendering plant and also performance of existing refiners in removing these pollutants. Methods: In this study, 66 air samples were collected from air pollution sources, environmental and worker's breathing zone using absorbent activated carbon and silica gel at two slaughterhouses in North and West of Iran. The samples were analyzed by GC-MS, and then efficiency of the three refiners condenser, thermal oxidation and water tank had been determined.Results: Overall, 56 chemical pollutants in the slaughterhouse A and 41 chemical pollutants in the slaughterhouse B had been identified. These compounds were  included hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, ethers, halogenated compounds, sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds, acids and hormones. Condenser efficiency was 38 to 100%. Thermal oxidation efficiency was 15.41 to 100% and the efficiency of the water tank was 8.93 to 100%.Conclusions: Occupational exposure to pyridine and carbon disulfide, in the slaughterhouse A, and carbon disulfide in the slaughterhouse B, was excessive. The concentrations of toluene, carbon disulfide and pyridine in the slaughterhouse A and concentrations of toluene, carbon disulfide and acetone in a slaughterhouse B was much more than the threshold of smell. Results showed that the combination of condenser and thermal oxidation, could remove large volumes of gases emitted

Characterization of Odorous Gaseous Emissions from a Rendering Plant by GC-MS and Evaluate the Performance of Existing Refiners

Background: Among the industrial activities that may cause odor nuisance problems, baking waste one is of the sources of bad odor, and therefore individuals complain from the industry. The aim of this study was to evaluation of pollutants released from poultry rendering plant and also performance of existing refiners in removing these pollutants. Methods: In this study, 66 air samples were collected from air pollution sources, environmental and worker's breathing zone using absorbent activated carbon and silica gel at two slaughterhouses in North and West of Iran. The samples were analyzed by GC-MS, and then efficiency of the three refiners condenser, thermal oxidation and water tank had been determined.Results: Overall, 56 chemical pollutants in the slaughterhouse A and 41 chemical pollutants in the slaughterhouse B had been identified. These compounds were  included hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, ethers, halogenated compounds, sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds, acids and hormones. Condenser efficiency was 38 to 100%. Thermal oxidation efficiency was 15.41 to 100% and the efficiency of the water tank was 8.93 to 100%.Conclusions: Occupational exposure to pyridine and carbon disulfide, in the slaughterhouse A, and carbon disulfide in the slaughterhouse B, was excessive. The concentrations of toluene, carbon disulfide and pyridine in the slaughterhouse A and concentrations of toluene, carbon disulfide and acetone in a slaughterhouse B was much more than the threshold of smell. Results showed that the combination of condenser and thermal oxidation, could remove large volumes of gases emitted