Adolescents’ and adults’ perceptions of ‘natural’, ‘organic’ and ‘additive-free’ cigarettes, and the required disclaimers

We sought to investigate adolescents’ and adults’ perceptions of an American Spirit advertisement with “natural,” “organic,” and “additive-free” descriptors and related disclaimers

Assessing Domestic Violence Intervention Programs in the United States: Identifying Strengths, Weaknesses, and a Path Towards Restorative Justice: Review Protocol

Domestic Violence Intervention Programs (DVIPs) were established during the 1970s and expanded rapidly during subsequent decades. Most DVIPs rely on two similar models (Emerge and Duluth); these models serve as the prototype for state programs, including North Carolina’s DVIPs. Recent studies have revealed the ineffectiveness of DVIPs and the failure of current program models to improve outcomes related to domestic violence (DV). These findings suggest the need for a new approach to interventions that address DV perpetration to include attention to a broader range of structural issues that often underlie perpetrator behavior. The goal of this project is to consider strategies to realign DVIPs to better fulfil their mission to hold accountable program participants who have harmed their intimate partners, provide justice and restore wholeness to those who have been harmed, and to do so within a social justice framework with an emphasis on restorative justice (RJ) praxis. This protocol details methods for our review of the literature regarding DVIPs that will focus on identifying program efficacy and the extent to which DVIPs utilize social justice frameworks, such as RJ, to inform the development and implementation of curriculum and other program components

Adolescents’ and Young Adults’ Knowledge and Beliefs About Constituents in Novel Tobacco Products

Novel tobacco products, such as little cigars, cigarillos, hookah, and e-cigarettes, and their smoke or aerosol contain chemicals which the FDA has determined to be Harmful or Potentially Harmful Constituents. We explored adolescents’ and young adults’ knowledge and beliefs about constituents in novel tobacco products and their smoke or aerosol, in order to inform risk communication messages

Conditional Cash Transfers to Increase Retention in PMTCT Care, Antiretroviral Adherence, and Postpartum Virological Suppression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Novel strategies are needed to increase retention in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) services. We have recently shown that small, incremental cash transfers conditional on attending clinic resulted in increased retention along the PMTCT cascade. However, whether women who receive incentives to attend clinic visits are as adherent to antiretrovirals (ARV) as those who do not was unknown

Conditional Cash Transfers Improve Retention in PMTCT Services by Mitigating the Negative Effect of Not Having Money to Come to the Clinic

To elucidate the mechanisms by which a cash incentive intervention increases retention in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services

“My First Thought was Croutons”: Perceptions of Cigarettes and Cigarette Smoke Constituents Among Adult Smokers and Nonsmokers

Understanding what people think about harmful and potentially harmful constituents in cigarettes and cigarette smoke has new urgency given legislation requiring US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to disclose constituent information. Our study sought to obtain qualitative information on what people think about these constituents and the language they use to talk about them

Perpetration of intimate partner violence by young adult males: The association with alcohol outlet density and drinking behavior

This study examined the association between alcohol outlet density and male to female intimate partner violence (IPV)

Violence Victimization of Young Men in Heterosexual Relationships: Does Alcohol Outlet Density Influence Outcomes?

This study examined whether alcohol outlet density is associated with male physical and sexual victimization by a female partner. Data were from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). A total of 3,179 young adult men identified a current heterosexual relationship and had complete intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization data. Almost 16% of this sample reported being the victim of physical only IPV in their relationship over the previous 12 months; an additional 6.4% were victims of sexual only or sexual and physical IPV. Multivariate analyses indicated high alcohol outlet density was associated with greater odds of experiencing physical IPV only (odds ratio [OR] = 2.07). Heavy drinkers experienced increased odds of physical and sexual IPV victimization. Alcohol outlet density should be addressed in prevention efforts