Cytoplasmic pH and the regulation of the dictyostelium cell cycle

Cytoplasmic pH (pHl) was monitored during the cell cycle of synchronous populations of Dictyostelium discoideum by means of a pH “null point” method. There is a cycle of pHl that closely corresponds to the DNA replication cycle, with a minimum of pH 7.20 in interphase and a peak of pH 7.45 during S phase and mitosis. When DNA replication is blocked by hydroxyurea, pHl continues to oscillate with a similar period as the uninhibited division cycle. Even when protein synthesis is inhibited by cycloheximide the periodic pHl cycles persist. Artificially raising pHl in exponentially growing cells by 0.1 units causes a severalfold increase in the rates of protein and DNA synthesis. We conclude that an autonomous pHl oscillator exists in Dictyostelium cells, which operates independently of protein and DNA synthesis and which may have a major role in the timing and regulation of the cell cycle