Sobre la fecha de la primera representación conocida de La hija del aire: una revisión crítica

Las primeras noticias que documentan la presencia en escena de esa gran tragedia calderoniana que es La hija del aire dan cuenta de dos funciones distintas, separadas una década en el tiempo y circunscritas a coordenadas escénicas bien diferentes: mientras que una de ellas tuvo lugar en las tablas de la Montería sevillana en 1643, la otra se llevó a cabo en palacio, ante Felipe IV y la familia real, en el año de 1653. Tal vez porque esta última salió antes a la luz, en el panorama crítico actual conviven todavía ambas fechas, las dos proclives a citarse como fecha de primera representación conocida. Frente a una recepción algo confusa, estas páginas se proponen revisar y ordenar las fuentes, además de analizar aquellos mecanismos dramáticos que conectan texto y escena a través de las acotaciones, a fin de indagar en los entresijos de este fenómeno de simultaneidad.The first news documenting the presence in stage of that great Calderonian tragedy which is La hija del aire show the existence of two different performances, separated in time by a decade and circumscribed to quite different staging contexts: Whereas one of them took place in the Sevillian Montería in 1643, the other one was performed in the palace before Felipe IV and the royal family in 1653. Maybe because the latter came earlier to light, in the current critical scene still coexist both dates, the two of them inclined to be cited as the date of the first known performance. Facing a somewhat confusing reception, these pages propose a revision and reordering of the sources, along with the exploration of dramatic mechanisms connecting text and scene through stage directions, in order to investigate the intricacies of this phenomenon of simultaneity

Aggregation Patterns, Sampling Plan, and Economic Injury Levels for the New Citrus Pest Delottococcus aberiae (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

[EN] Delottococcus aberiae De Lotto (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is the latest exotic mealybug species introduced in citrus in the Mediterranean basin. It causes severe distortion and size reduction on developing fruits. Due to its first interaction with citrus, D. aberiae economic thresholds are still unknown for this crop and the current Integrated Pest Management programs have been disrupted. The objectives of this study were to determine the aggregation patterns of D. aberiae in citrus, develop an efficient sampling plan to assess its population density, and calculate its Economic and Economic Environmental Injury Levels (EIL and EEIL, respectively). Twelve and 19 orchards were sampled in 2014 and 2015, respectively. At each orchard, population densities were monitored fortnightly in leaves, twigs, and fruit, and fruit damage was determined at harvest. Our results showed a clumped aggregation of D. aberiae in all organs with no significant differences between generations on fruit. Fruit damage at harvest was strongly correlated with fruit occupation in spring. Based on these results and using chlorpyrifos as the insecticide of reference, the EIL and EEIL were calculated as 7.1 and 12.1% of occupied fruit in spring, respectively. With all this, we recommend sampling 275 fruits using a binomial sampling method or alternatively, 140 fruits with an enumerative method bimonthly between petal fall and July.We would like to thank the owners of the orchards for giving us permission to use their plantations, Aureli Marco and Jesus Marques for finding the orchards, and P. Bru (IVIA) and J. Catalan (IVIA) for their help in sampling. This research was supported by two predoctoral grant (FPU toV. M. and Val I+D to J.P.-R.) from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sport and Generalitat Valenciana, respectively, a national project provided by INIA (Project no. RTA2014-00067) and a European grant (FP7-IAPP324475 'Colbics')Pérez-Rodríguez, J.; Martínez-Blay, V.; Soto Sánchez, AI.; Selfa, J.; Monzó, C.; Urbaneja, A.; Tena, A. (2017). Aggregation Patterns, Sampling Plan, and Economic Injury Levels for the New Citrus Pest Delottococcus aberiae (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 110(6):2699-2706. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox258S269927061106Allsopp, P. G. (1991). Binomial sequential sampling of adult Saccharicoccus sacchari on sugarcane. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 60(3), 213-218. doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1991.tb01540.xBellard, C., Cassey, P., & Blackburn, T. M. (2016). Alien species as a driver of recent extinctions. Biology Letters, 12(2), 20150623. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2015.0623Beltrà, A., Garcia-Marí, F., & Soto, A. (2013). Seasonal Phenology, Spatial Distribution, and Sampling Plan for the Invasive Mealybug Phenacoccus peruvianus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 106(3), 1486-1494. doi:10.1603/ec13024Boavida, C., Neuenschwander, P., & Schulthess, F. (1992). Spatial distribution ofRastrococcus invadensWilliams (Hom., Pseudococcidae) in mango trees. Journal of Applied Entomology, 114(1-5), 381-391. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.1992.tb01141.xBrowning, T. (1959). The long-tailed mealybug, Pseudococcus adonidum (L.) in South Australia. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(3), 322. doi:10.1071/ar9590322Furness, G. (1976). The Dispersal, Age-Structure and Natural Enemies of the Long-Tailed Mealybug, Pseudococcus Longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti), in Relation to Sampling and Control. Australian Journal of Zoology, 24(2), 237. doi:10.1071/zo9760237Gaertner, M., Den Breeyen, A., Cang Hui, & Richardson, D. M. (2009). Impacts of alien plant invasions on species richness in Mediterranean-type ecosystems: a meta-analysis. Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment, 33(3), 319-338. doi:10.1177/0309133309341607GEIGER, C. A., & DAANE, K. M. (2001). Seasonal Movement and Distribution of the Grape Mealybug (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae): Developing a Sampling Program for San Joaquin Valley Vineyards. Journal of Economic Entomology, 94(1), 291-301. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-94.1.291Goolsby, J. A., Kirk, A. A., & Meyerdirk, D. E. (2002). SEASONAL PHENOLOGY AND NATURAL ENEMIES OF MACONELLICOCCUS HIRSUTUS (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) IN AUSTRALIA. Florida Entomologist, 85(3), 494-498. doi:10.1653/0015-4040(2002)085[0494:spaneo]2.0.co;2Groffman, P. M., Baron, J. S., Blett, T., Gold, A. J., Goodman, I., Gunderson, L. H., … Wiens, J. (2006). Ecological Thresholds: The Key to Successful Environmental Management or an Important Concept with No Practical Application? Ecosystems, 9(1), 1-13. doi:10.1007/s10021-003-0142-zHulme, P. E. (2009). Trade, transport and trouble: managing invasive species pathways in an era of globalization. Journal of Applied Ecology, 46(1), 10-18. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01600.xJacas, J. A., & Urbaneja, A. (2010). Biological Control in Citrus in Spain: From Classical to Conservation Biological Control. Integrated Management of Arthropod Pests and Insect Borne Diseases, 61-72. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-8606-8_3Kuno, E. (1991). Sampling and Analysis of Insect Populations. Annual Review of Entomology, 36(1), 285-304. doi:10.1146/annurev.en.36.010191.001441MacDonald, G. K., Brauman, K. A., Sun, S., Carlson, K. M., Cassidy, E. S., Gerber, J. S., & West, P. C. (2015). Rethinking Agricultural Trade Relationships in an Era of Globalization. BioScience, 65(3), 275-289. doi:10.1093/biosci/biu225MAINKA, S. A., & HOWARD, G. W. (2010). Climate change and invasive species: double jeopardy. Integrative Zoology, 5(2), 102-111. doi:10.1111/j.1749-4877.2010.00193.xMartínez-Ferrer, M. T., Ripollés, J. L., & Garcia-Marí, F. (2006). Enumerative and Binomial Sampling Plans for Citrus Mealybug (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) in Citrus Groves. Journal of Economic Entomology, 99(3), 993-1001. doi:10.1093/jee/99.3.993Meyerson, L. A., & Mooney, H. A. (2007). Invasive alien species in an era of globalization. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 5(4), 199-208. doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2007)5[199:iasiae]2.0.co;2Mgocheki, N., & Addison, P. (2009). Incorporating sampling precision into an action threshold for monitoring ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) population levels in vineyards. Crop Protection, 28(3), 257-263. doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2008.10.010Miller, D. R., & Giliomee, J. H. (2011). Systematic Revision of the Mealybug GenusDelottococcusCox & Ben-Dov (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). African Entomology, 19(3), 614-640. doi:10.4001/003.019.0306Mudavanhu, P., Addison, P., & Pringle Ken, L. (2011). Monitoring and action threshold determination for the obscure mealybug Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) using pheromone-baited traps. Crop Protection, 30(7), 919-924. doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2011.02.034Navarro-Campos, C., Aguilar, A., & Garcia-Marí, F. (2011). Aggregation pattern, sampling plan, and intervention threshold for Pezothrips kellyanus in citrus groves. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 142(2), 130-139. doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.2011.01204.xNestel, D., Cohen, H., Saphir, N., Klein, M., & Mendel, Z. (1995). Spatial Distribution of Scale Insects: Comparative Study Using Taylor’s Power Law. Environmental Entomology, 24(3), 506-512. doi:10.1093/ee/24.3.506PIMENTEL, D., LACH, L., ZUNIGA, R., & MORRISON, D. (2000). Environmental and Economic Costs of Nonindigenous Species in the United States. BioScience, 50(1), 53. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2000)050[0053:eaecon]2.3.co;2Pimentel, D., Zuniga, R., & Morrison, D. (2005). Update on the environmental and economic costs associated with alien-invasive species in the United States. Ecological Economics, 52(3), 273-288. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.10.002Planes, L., Catalán, J., Jaques, J. A., Urbaneja, A., & Tena, A. (2015). Pezothrips kellyanus(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Nymphs on Orange Fruit: Importance of the Second Generation for Its Management. Florida Entomologist, 98(3), 848-855. doi:10.1653/024.098.0306Roltsch, W. J., Meyerdirk, D. E., Warkentin, R., Andress, E. R., & Carrera, K. (2006). Classical biological control of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), in southern California. Biological Control, 37(2), 155-166. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2006.01.006Stern, V. M., Smith, R. F., van den Bosch, R., & Hagen, K. S. (1959). The integration of chemical and biological control of the spotted alfalfa aphid: The integrated control concept. Hilgardia, 29(2), 81-101. doi:10.3733/hilg.v29n02p081Sutherland, W. J., Bardsley, S., Bennun, L., Clout, M., Côté, I. M., Depledge, M. H., … Fleishman, E. (2011). Horizon scan of global conservation issues for 2011. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 26(1), 10-16. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2010.11.002TAYLOR, L. R. (1961). Aggregation, Variance and the Mean. Nature, 189(4766), 732-735. doi:10.1038/189732a0Tena, A., García-Bellón, J., & Urbaneja, A. (2016). Native and naturalized mealybug parasitoids fail to control the new citrus mealybug pest Delottococcus aberiae. Journal of Pest Science, 90(2), 659-667. doi:10.1007/s10340-016-0819-7Waterworth, R. A., Redak, R. A., & Millar, J. G. (2011). Pheromone-Baited Traps for Assessment of Seasonal Activity and Population Densities of Mealybug Species (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Nurseries Producing Ornamental Plants. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104(2), 555-565. doi:10.1603/ec1031

Numerical modeling of ground thermal response with borehole heat exchangers connected in parallel

[EN] With bore fields for energy extraction and injection, it is often necessary to predict the temperature response to heat loads for many years ahead. Mathematical methods, both analytical and numerical, with different degrees of sophistication, are employed. Often the g-function concept is used, in which the borehole wall is assumed to have a uniform temperature and the heat injected is constant over time. Due to the unavoidable thermal resistance between the borehole wall and the circulating fluid and with varying heat flux along the boreholes, the concept of uniform borehole wall temperature is violated, which distorts heat flow distribution between boreholes. This aspect has often been disregarded. This paper describes improvements applied to a previous numerical model approach. Improvements aim at taking into account the effect of thermal resistance between the fluid and the borehole wall. The model employs a highly conductive material (HCM) embedded in the boreholes and connected to an HCM bar above the ground surface. The small temperature difference occurring within the HCM allows the ground to naturally control the conditions at the wall of all boreholes and the heat flow distribution to the boreholes. The thermal resistance between the fluid and the borehole wall is taken into account in the model by inserting a thermally resistive layer at the borehole wall. Also, the borehole ends are given a hemispherical shape to reduce the fluctuations in the temperature gradients there. The improvements to the HCM model are reflected in a changed distribution of the heat flow to the different boreholes. Changes increase with the number of boreholes. The improvements to the HCM model are further illustrated by predicting fluid temperatures for measured variable daily loads of two monitored GCHP installations. Predictions deviate from measured values with a mean absolute error within 1.1 and 1.6¿K.The Swedish Energy Agency is acknowledged for financing this project. The authors thank Massimo Cimmino (Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Canada) for contributing to the generation of a particular solution with his approach.Monzó Cárcel, PM.; Puttige, AR.; Acuña, J.; Mogensen, P.; Cazorla-Marín, A.; Rodríguez, J.; Montagud, C.... (2018). Numerical modeling of ground thermal response with borehole heat exchangers connected in parallel. Energy and Buildings. 172:371-384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.04.057S37138417

Carbon footprint of geopolymeric mortar: Study of the contribution of the alkaline activating solution and assessment of an alternative route

[EN] CO2 emissions associated with geopolymeric mortar prepared using spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (FCC) were compared to those calculated for plain ordinary Portland cement (OPC) mortar. Commercial waterglass used for preparing the alkaline activating solution for geopolymeric mortar was the main contributing component related to CO2 emission. An alternative route for formulating alkaline activating solution in the preparation of the geopolymeric binder was proposed: refluxing of rice husk ash (RHA) in NaOH solution. Geopolymeric mortar using rice hull ash-derived waterglass led to reduced CO2 emission by 63% compared to the OPC mortar. The new alternative route led to a 50% reduction in CO2 emission compared to geopolymer prepared with commercial waterglass. Replacement of commercial waterglass by rice hull ash- derived waterglass in the preparation of the geopolymer did not cause a significant decrease in the mechanical strength of the mortar. CO2 intensity performance indicators (Ci) for geopolymeric mortars were lower than that found for OPC mortar, indicating that the new route for activating solution led to the lowest C-i valueThe authors are grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Project GEOCEDEM BIA 2011-26947), and to Generalitat Valenciana (Project 3018/2009) and 'Centro de Cooperacion al Desarrollo' of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (ADSIDEO COOPERACIO, Project COMBURES) for supporting this study, and to DACSA S. A. for supplying RHA samples.Mellado Romero, AM.; Catalan, C.; Bouzón, N.; Borrachero Rosado, MV.; Monzó Balbuena, JM.; Paya Bernabeu, JJ. (2014). Carbon footprint of geopolymeric mortar: Study of the contribution of the alkaline activating solution and assessment of an alternative route. RSC Advances. 4(45):23846-23852. doi:10.1039/C4RA03375BS2384623852445Phair, J. W. (2006). Green chemistry for sustainable cement production and use. Green Chemistry, 8(9), 763. doi:10.1039/b603997aParvulescu, A., Rossi, M., Pina, C. D., Ciriminna, R., & Pagliaro, M. (2011). Investigation of glycerol polymerization in the clinker grinding process. Green Chem., 13(1), 143-148. doi:10.1039/c0gc00107dMymrin, V., de Araújo Ponte, H., Ferreira Lopes, O., & Vazquez Vaamonde, A. (2003). Environment-friendly method of high alkaline bauxite’s Red Mud and Ferrous Slag utilization as an example of green chemistry. Green Chem., 5(3), 357-360. doi:10.1039/b300495nFernández Bertos, M., Li, X., Simons, S. J. R., Hills, C. D., & Carey, P. J. (2004). Investigation of accelerated carbonation for the stabilisation of MSW incinerator ashes and the sequestration of CO2. Green Chem., 6(8), 428-436. doi:10.1039/b401872aJ. L. Provis and J. S. J.van Deventer, Geopolymers. Structure, processing, properties and industrial applications, Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LLC, UK, 2009F. Pacheco-Torgal and S.Jalali, Eco-efficient Construction and Building Materials, Springer, London, 2011Pacheco-Torgal, F., Castro-Gomes, J., & Jalali, S. (2008). Alkali-activated binders: A review. Construction and Building Materials, 22(7), 1305-1314. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.10.015Pacheco-Torgal, F., Castro-Gomes, J., & Jalali, S. (2008). Alkali-activated binders: A review. Part 2. About materials and binders manufacture. Construction and Building Materials, 22(7), 1315-1322. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.03.019Komnitsas, K., & Zaharaki, D. (2007). Geopolymerisation: A review and prospects for the minerals industry. Minerals Engineering, 20(14), 1261-1277. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2007.07.011Duxson, P., Fernández-Jiménez, A., Provis, J. L., Lukey, G. C., Palomo, A., & van Deventer, J. S. J. (2006). Geopolymer technology: the current state of the art. Journal of Materials Science, 42(9), 2917-2933. doi:10.1007/s10853-006-0637-zTashima, M. M., Akasaki, J. L., Castaldelli, V. N., Soriano, L., Monzó, J., Payá, J., & Borrachero, M. V. (2012). New geopolymeric binder based on fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (FCC). Materials Letters, 80, 50-52. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2012.04.051Rodríguez, E. D., Bernal, S. A., Provis, J. L., Gehman, J. D., Monzó, J. M., Payá, J., & Borrachero, M. V. (2013). Geopolymers based on spent catalyst residue from a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process. Fuel, 109, 493-502. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.02.053Tashima, M. M., Soriano, L., Monzó, J., Borrachero, M. V., & Payá, J. (2013). Novel geopolymeric material cured at room temperature. Advances in Applied Ceramics, 112(4), 179-183. doi:10.1179/1743676112y.0000000056Tashima, M. M., Akasaki, J. L., Melges, J. L. P., Soriano, L., Monzó, J., Payá, J., & Borrachero, M. V. (2013). Alkali activated materials based on fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (FCC): Influence of SiO2/Na2O and H2O/FCC ratio on mechanical strength and microstructure. Fuel, 108, 833-839. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.02.052Duxson, P., Provis, J. L., Lukey, G. C., & van Deventer, J. S. J. (2007). The role of inorganic polymer technology in the development of ‘green concrete’. Cement and Concrete Research, 37(12), 1590-1597. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.08.018Habert, G., d’ Espinose de Lacaillerie, J. B., & Roussel, N. (2011). An environmental evaluation of geopolymer based concrete production: reviewing current research trends. Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(11), 1229-1238. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.03.012Turner, L. K., & Collins, F. G. (2013). Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) emissions: A comparison between geopolymer and OPC cement concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 43, 125-130. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.01.023M. Weil , K.Dombroswski and A.Buchwald, in Geopolymers. Structure, processing, properties and industrial applications, ed. J. L. Provis and J. S. J. van Deventer, Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LLC, UK, 2009, pp. 194–210Salas, A., Delvasto, S., de Gutierrez, R. M., & Lange, D. (2009). Comparison of two processes for treating rice husk ash for use in high performance concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 39(9), 773-778. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.05.006Payá, J., Monzó, J., Borrachero, M. ., Mellado, A., & Ordoñez, L. . (2001). Determination of amorphous silica in rice husk ash by a rapid analytical method. Cement and Concrete Research, 31(2), 227-231. doi:10.1016/s0008-8846(00)00466-xJ. Bejarano , C.Garzón, R.Mejía de Gutiérrez, S.Delvasto and M.Gordillo, in II Simposio Aprovechamiento de residuos agro-industriales como fuente sostenible de materiales de construcción, Valencia, Spain, 2010, pp. 409–418Bouzón, N., Payá, J., Borrachero, M. V., Soriano, L., Tashima, M. M., & Monzó, J. (2014). Refluxed rice husk ash/NaOH suspension for preparing alkali activated binders. Materials Letters, 115, 72-74. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2013.10.001IPCC , Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reference Manual, Workbook, 1997, vol. 2V. Årskog , S.Fossdal and O. E.Gjørv, in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Sustainable Development and Concrete Technology, Beijing, China, 2004, pp. 193–200Peris Mora, E. (2007). Life cycle, sustainability and the transcendent quality of building materials. Building and Environment, 42(3), 1329-1334. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.11.004Damineli, B. L., Kemeid, F. M., Aguiar, P. S., & John, V. M. (2010). Measuring the eco-efficiency of cement use. Cement and Concrete Composites, 32(8), 555-562. doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.07.009J. Davidovits , in Geopolymer, Green Chemistry and Sustainable Development Solutions World Congress Proc., 2005, pp. 9–15McLellan, B. C., Williams, R. P., Lay, J., van Riessen, A., & Corder, G. D. (2011). Costs and carbon emissions for geopolymer pastes in comparison to ordinary portland cement. Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(9-10), 1080-1090. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.02.010IDAE Instituto para la Diversificación y Ahorro de la Energía, http://www.idae.es/index.php, Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Turismo, Secretaría de Estado de Energía, Madrid, EspañaPAS 2050 , Specification for the assessment of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of goods and services, British Standards Institution, UK, 2011Yang, K.-H., Song, J.-K., & Song, K.-I. (2013). Assessment of CO2 reduction of alkali-activated concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 39, 265-272. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.08.00

Analysis of noise temperature sensitivity for the design of a broadband thermal noise primary standard

A broadband primary standard for thermal noise measurements is presented and its thermal and electromagnetic behaviour is analysed by means of a novel hybrid analytical?numerical simulation methodology. The standard consists of a broadband termination connected to a 3.5mm coaxial airline partially immersed in liquid nitrogen and is designed in order to obtain a low reflectivity and a low uncertainty in the noise temperature. A detailed sensitivity analysis is made in order to highlight the critical characteristics that mostly affect the uncertainty in the noise temperature, and also to determine the manufacturing and operation tolerances for a proper performance in the range 10MHz to 26.5 GHz. Aspects such as the thermal bead design, the level of liquid nitrogen or the uncertainties associated with the temperatures, the physical properties of the materials in the standard and the simulation techniques are discussed

Boar sperm motility is modulated by CCK at a low concentration of bicarbonate under capacitation conditions

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Evaluation of Textural and Sensory Properties on Typical Spanish Small Cakes Designed Using Alternative Flours

[EN] The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of wheat flour substitution with toasted corn, quinoa, and sorghum flours on the overall perception and texture of typical Spanish small cakes named madeleine. In order to evaluate these characteristics, a texture profile analysis (TPA) and a sensory analysis were carried out. TPA showed that the replacement of wheat flour by sorghum flour did not affect significantly texture parameters of cakes. Hedonic sensory tests were also conducted revealing that the cake prepared with sorghum flour was highly appreciated by the consumers as it got scores similar to traditional cakes made with wheat flour.Casas Moreno, MDM.; Barreto Palacios, VJ.; González Carrascosa, R.; Iborra Bernad, MDC.; Andrés Bello, MD.; Martínez Monzó, J.; García-Segovia, P. (2015). Evaluation of Textural and Sensory Properties on Typical Spanish Small Cakes Designed Using Alternative Flours. Journal of Culinary Science and Technology. 13(1):19-28. doi:10.1080/15428052.2014.952475S1928131Baldwin, R. R., Baldry, R. P., & Johansen, R. G. (1972). Fat systems for bakery products. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 49(8), 473-477. doi:10.1007/bf02582482Beleia, A., Miller, R. A., & Hoseney, R. C. (1996). Starch Gelatinization in Sugar Solutions. Starch - Starke, 48(7-8), 259-262. doi:10.1002/star.19960480705Brannan, G. L., Setser, C. S., Kemp, K. E., Seib, P. A., & Roozeboom, K. (2001). Sensory Characteristics of Grain Sorghum Hybrids with Potential for Use in Human Food. Cereal Chemistry Journal, 78(6), 693-700. doi:10.1094/cchem.2001.78.6.693Cauvain, S. P., & Young, L. S. (Eds.). (2006). Baked Products. doi:10.1002/9780470995907Chieh, C. (s. f.). Water. Bakery Products, 211-232. doi:10.1002/9780470277553.ch11Conforti, F. D. (s. f.). Cake Manufacture. Bakery Products, 393-410. doi:10.1002/9780470277553.ch22Ghotra, B. S., Dyal, S. D., & Narine, S. S. (2002). Lipid shortenings: a review. Food Research International, 35(10), 1015-1048. doi:10.1016/s0963-9969(02)00163-1Kiosseoglou, V., & Paraskevopoulou, A. (s. f.). Eggs. Bakery Products, 161-172. doi:10.1002/9780470277553.ch8Lai, H.-M., & Lin, T.-C. (s. f.). Bakery Products: Science and Technology. Bakery Products, 3-68. doi:10.1002/9780470277553.ch1Lau, M. ., Tang, J., & Paulson, A. . (2000). Texture profile and turbidity of gellan/gelatin mixed gels. Food Research International, 33(8), 665-671. doi:10.1016/s0963-9969(00)00111-3LINDLEY, M. G. (1987). Sucrose in baked products. Nutrition Bulletin, 12(1), 41-45. doi:10.1111/j.1467-3010.1987.tb00011.xMastromatteo, M., Chillo, S., Iannetti, M., Civica, V., & Del Nobile, M. A. (2011). Formulation optimisation of gluten-free functional spaghetti based on quinoa, maize and soy flours. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 46(6), 1201-1208. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02613.xOreopoulou, V. (s. f.). Fat Replacers. Bakery Products, 193-210. doi:10.1002/9780470277553.ch10Peressini, D., Pin, M., & Sensidoni, A. (2011). Rheology and breadmaking performance of rice-buckwheat batters supplemented with hydrocolloids. Food Hydrocolloids, 25(3), 340-349. doi:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.06.012Sanz, T., Salvador, A., Baixauli, R., & Fiszman, S. M. (2009). Evaluation of four types of resistant starch in muffins. II. Effects in texture, colour and consumer response. European Food Research and Technology, 229(2), 197-204. doi:10.1007/s00217-009-1040-1Taylor, J. R. N., Schober, T. J., & Bean, S. R. (2006). Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets. Journal of Cereal Science, 44(3), 252-271. doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2006.06.009Wilderjans, E., Luyts, A., Brijs, K., & Delcour, J. A. (2013). Ingredient functionality in batter type cake making. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 30(1), 6-15. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2013.01.001Wilderjans, E., Pareyt, B., Goesaert, H., Brijs, K., & Delcour, J. A. (2008). The role of gluten in a pound cake system: A model approach based on gluten–starch blends. Food Chemistry, 110(4), 909-915. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.02.079Wilson, N. L. W. (2011). How the Cookie Crumbles: A Case Study of Gluten-Free Cookies and Random Utility. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 94(2), 576-582. doi:10.1093/ajae/aar081Zhu, J.-H., Yang, X.-Q., Ahmad, I., Li, L., Wang, X.-Y., & Liu, C. (2008). Rheological properties of κ-carrageenan and soybean glycinin mixed gels. Food Research International, 41(3), 219-228. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2007.11.00

Geodiversidad mineralógica y petrológica del diapiro de Pinoso y su interés como patrimonio geológico

El diapiro de Pinoso, también denominado Cerro o Cabeҫo de la Sal, está situado al W de la provincia de Alicante, (38º24’ N- 01º02”O), de forma elíptica con eje mayor (NW-SE) de 7,5 km y altura máxima de 893 m, 350 m por encima de la superficie erosiva colindante. Constituido por materiales de facies Keuper, presenta un núcleo de halita que ha sido objeto de explotación, tanto por minería subterránea como por evaporación (extracción y comercialización de sal manantial). También, a principios del siglo XX, aguas procedentes del Cabeҫo fueron utilizadas en un balneario, previo calentamiento del agua. Desde 1973 se explota por disolución y la salmuera extraída es llevada a Torrevieja mediante un salmueroducto y allí pasa a formar parte del proceso de evaporación de explotación de las salinas. La variedad de las litologías presentes en él, así como su riqueza en patrimonio mineral mueble, algunos de los cuales son minerales autigénicos característicos de las facies Keuper, confieren al Cabeҫo de la Sal un notable valor como Patrimonio Geológico, este carácter patrimonial se ve aumentado por los rasgos geomorfológicos asociados al exokarst en materiales yesíferos hipergénicos que genera formas erosivas cualitativa y cuantitativamente muy importantes