In vitro wearing away of orthodontic brackets and wires in different conditions: A review

Introduction: The release of metallic ions from orthodontic brackets and wires typically depends on their quality (chemical composition) and the medium to which they are exposed, e.g., acidic, alkaline, substances with a high fluoride concentration, etc. This review examines corrosion and wear of orthodontic brackets, wires, and arches exposed to different media, including: beverages (juices), mouthwashes and artificial saliva among others, and the possible health effects resulting from the release of metallic ions under various conditions. Objective: This review aims to determine the exposure conditions that cause the most wear on orthodontic devices, as well as the possible health effects that can be caused by the release of metallic ions under various conditions. Sources: A search was carried out in the Scopus database, for articles related to oral media that can corrode brackets and wires. The initial research resulted in 8,127 documents, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 76 articles remained. Conclusion: Stainless steel, which is commonly used in orthodontic devices, is the material that suffers the most wear. It was also found that acidic pH, alcohols, fluorides, and chlorides worsen orthodontic material corrosion. Further, nickel released from brackets and wires can cause allergic reactions and gingival overgrowth into patients.Fil: Espinoza Montero, Patricio J.. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; EcuadorFil: Montero Jiménez, Marjorie Elizabeth. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; Ecuador. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Fernández, Lenys. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; EcuadorFil: Paz, Jose Luis. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; PerúFil: Piñeiros, José Luis. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; EcuadorFil: Ceballos, Sandra Macías. Universidad Central del Ecuador; Ecuado

Nude and Modified Electrospun Nanofibers, Application to Air Purification

Air transports several pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), which can produce cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Thus, it is a challenge to control pollutant emissions before releasing them to the environment. Until now, filtration has been the most efficient processes for removing PM. Therefore, the electrospinning procedure has been applied to obtain membranes with a high filtration efficiency and low pressure drop. This review addressed the synthesis of polymers that are used for fabricating high-performance membranes by electrospinning to remove air pollutants. Then, the most influential parameters to produce electrospun membranes are indicated. The main results show that electrospun membranes are an excellent alternative to having air filters due to the versatility of the process, the capacity for controlling the fiber diameter, porosity, high filtration efficiency and low-pressure drop.Fil: Espinoza Montero, Patricio J.. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; EcuadorFil: Montero Jiménez, Marjorie Elizabeth. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; Ecuador. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Rojas Quishpe, Stalin. Universidad Central del Ecuador; EcuadorFil: Alcívar León, Christian David. Universidad Central del Ecuador; Ecuador. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Heredia Moya, Jorge. Universidad Ute; EcuadorFil: Rosero Chanalata, Alfredo. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; EcuadorFil: Orbea Hinojosa, Carlos. Universidad de Las Fuerzas Armadas; EcuadorFil: Piñeiros, José Luis. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; Ecuado