Formação de professores/as em gênero e sexualidade: possibilidades e desafi os

A pesquisa analisou a infl uência do curso Gênero e Diversidade na Escola(GDE) sobre a abordagem das temáticas gênero e sexualidade na práticapedagógica de 12 professores/as de Ciências do Ensino Fundamental noEstado do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa foi orientada por uma abordagemqualitativa, e a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas constatou-se que o cursocontribuiu para ampliar a visão dos/as docentes acerca da construção sociocultural das identidades sexuais e de gênero, e subsidiou a implementaçãode atividades sobre o tema no contexto escolar. Os depoimentos assinalarampara a necessidade de formação continuada de profi ssionais da educação ede iniciativas de consolidação das ações dentro das instituições escolares.Revelaram as difíceis condições de trabalho, falta de incentivos e entravesdiversos que aumentam o sentimento de isolamento entre esses profi ssionaisque lutam por modifi car uma realidade. Contudo, pequenas iniciativas, aindaque em diferentes intensidades, trazem contribuições importantes ao cotidiano,apontando para o início da construção de uma sociedade mais justae igualitária. Conclui-se que inserir o tema em sala de aula depende quaseque exclusivamente da disposição pessoal do/a professor/a em enfrentartodas as adversidades na afi rmação dos direitos de igualdade. Espera-se queesse trabalho possa contribuir para a transformação das práticas escolares,desestabilizando padrões pré-concebidos, além de ampliar a divulgação depesquisas na área de Ensino de Ciências

Participation of bone marrow-derived cells in hippocampal vascularization after status epilepticus

Purpose: Diseases such as temporal lobe epilepsy, brain trauma and stroke can induce endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis in specific brain areas. During status epilepticus (SE), bone marrow-derived cells are able to infiltrate and proliferate, dramatically increasing at the site of injury. However, it is still unclear whether these cells directly participate in vascular changes induced by SE.Method: To investigate the possible role of bone marrow-derived cells in angiogenesis after seizures, we induced SE by pilocarpine injection in previously prepared chimeric mice. Mice were euthanized at 8 h, 7 d or 15 d after SE onset.Results: Our results indicated that SE modified hippocampal vascularization and induced angiogenesis. Further, bone marrow-derived GFP(+) cells penetrated through the parenchyma and participated in the formation of new vessels after SE. We detected bone marrow-derived cells closely associated with vessels in the hippocampus, increasing the density of blood vessels that had decreased immediately after pilocarpine-induced SE.Conclusion: We conclude that epileptic seizures directly affect vascularization in the hippocampus mediated by bone marrow-derived cells in a time-dependent manner. (C) 2014 British Epilepsy Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Physiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Physiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

A Project-based Learning curricular approach in a Production Engineering Program

The Industrial Engineering undergraduate program offered at the University of Brasília was structured on Project Based Learning (PBL) methodology. This innovative educational proposal allows the students to deploy their technical competencies through real problem solving situations. The methodology also stimulates the development of the students’ soft skills, by exposing them to a challenging environment. At the end of each project, the results are presented to an external agent, and are subsequently implemented. The objective of this paper is to present the evolution of the PSP courses, which adopt as guidelines both the PMBOK project management framework, as well as content from specific technical courses related to the project’s subject. One other relevant aspect of the PSP courses is their involvement of both undergraduate and graduate students from different Engineering areas, such as Industrial, Mechanical and Civil Engineering, which serves to foster a more holistic and integrated problem-solving skillset

O USO DE UM JOGO MULTIMÍDIA SOBRE AIDS ENTRE ESTUDANTES: CONTRIBUIÇÕES AO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS

The study evaluated the use of a multimedia educational game about STD / SIDA among students from the 6th grade of Elementary School to the Junior high school students from two public schools in Rio de Janeiro State and their contributions to teaching Science and Biology. The study was carried out from the direct observation of the material use and the questionnaires application to the students. The results revealed that the game stimulated the debate and clarified doubts and points of view on subjects related to the teaching of natural sciences and sexual orientation, foreseen in the National Curricular Parameters. Students were curious about the computers use, indicating the potential of multimedia resources as a teaching strategy. It is understood that educational resources do not replace investments in teacher training and the necessary improvements in public education systems, but they can provide subsidies for educators in approaching diverse topics.O trabalho avaliou o uso de um jogo educativo multimídia sobre IST/AIDS entre estudantes do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental ao 3º ano do Ensino Médio, de duas escolas da rede pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, e suas contribuições para ensino de ciências e biologia. O estudo foi realizado a partir da observação direta do uso do material e da aplicação de questionários junto aos estudantes. Os resultados revelaram que o jogo estimulou o debate e esclareceu dúvidas sobre temas relacionados ao ensino de ciências naturais e orientação sexual, previstos nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais. Os alunos demonstraram curiosidade pelo uso de computadores, indicando o potencial de recursos multimídias como estratégia de ensino. Compreende-se que os recursos educativos não substituem os investimentos na formação dos professores e as necessárias melhorias nos sistemas públicos de ensino, mas podem fornecer subsídios para os educadores na abordagem de temas diversos

Associação do polimorfismo r72p do gene tp53 com o prognóstico do câncer de mama

O câncer de mama é o segundo tipo decâncer mais freqüente no mundo e o mais comumentre as mulheres. Cerca de 22% novos casos decâncer de mama em mulheres são reportados porano, constituíndo um grave problema de saúdepública. Polimorfismos genéticos são variaçõesem seqüências nucleotídicas que podem alterarquantitativamente o fenotípo. A proteína p53monitora a integridade do genoma controlandopontos de checagem durante o ciclo celular e é osupressor tumoral mais comumente alterado nocâncer humano. O polimorfismo no códon 72(R72P) envolve códons para prolina (CCC,TP53Pro) ou arginina (CGC, TP53Arg), ambosassociados ao risco de carcinogênese. Apesar davariante com arginina induzir mais eficientementea apoptose em células cancerosas, ele apresentamaior susceptibilidade ao câncer de mama que avariante com prolina. Os resultados permanecemcontraditórios, pois os valores de risco do R72Pvariam de acordo com o perfil étnico e geográficodo paciente. O presente estudo é uma revisãosobre a associação do R72P com o câncer demama em mulheres de diferentes etnias e sítiosgeográficos. Esses resultados podem fornecerparâmetros com potencial valor clínico

POSSIBILIDADES DE CURRICULARIZAÇÃO EXTENSIONISTA: AULAS EXPERIMENTAIS DE QUÍMICA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DE COVID-19

Nosso objetivo neste artigo é socializar uma experiência de curricularização da extensão que foi adaptada para ser desenvolvida de forma remota. Assim, analisamos as ações do projeto de extensão “Aprendendo Química na Unifesp” por meio da divulgação dos materiais produzidos e das falas de estudantes de educação básica participantes. Os resultados evidenciam a produção de vídeos de experimentos, podcasts e encontros coletivos para aplicação de experimentos com alunos de educação básica. Acreditamos que as contribuições do projeto de extensão estão relacionadas à formação dos licenciandos das unidades de Práticas Pedagógicas de Química I e II que tiveram que adaptar sua prática pedagógica para o contexto pandêmico e, também, aos alunos de educação básica que, isolados de sua casa, tiveram oportunidade de participar de atividades coletivas de experimentação

Avaliação motora e funcional de pacientes com paraplegia espástica, atrofia óptica e neuropatia (SPOAN)

Spastic paraplegia, optic atrophy, and neuropathy (SPOAN) is an autosomal recessive complicated form of hereditary spastic paraplegia, which is clinically defined by congenital optic atrophy, infancy-onset progressive spastic paraplegia and peripheral neuropathy. In this study, which included 61 individuals (age 5-72 years, 42 females) affected by SPOAN, a comprehensive motor and functional evaluation was performed, using modified Barthel index, modified Ashworth scale, hand grip strength measured with a hydraulic dynamometer and two hereditary spastic paraplegia scales. Modified Barthel index, which evaluate several functional aspects, was more sensitive to disclose disease progression than the spastic paraplegia scales. Spasticity showed a bimodal distribution, with both grades 1 (minimum) and 4 (maximum). Hand grip strength showed a moderate inverse correlation with age. Combination of early onset spastic paraplegia and progressive polyneuropathy make SPOAN disability overwhelming.A paraplegia espástica, atrofia óptica e neuropatia (SPOAN) é uma forma complicada de paraplegia espástica de herança autossômica recessiva, caracterizada por atrofia óptica congênita, paraplegia espástica progressiva de início na infância e neuropatia periférica. Este estudo avaliou o desempenho motor e funcional de 61 indivíduos com SPOAN (5 a 72 anos), por meio do índice de Barthel modificado, a escala modificada de Ashworth, da avaliação da força de preensão das mãos com dinamômetro hidráulico de Jamar e escalas de paraplegia espástica hereditária. O índice de Barthel modificado, que investiga aspectos funcionais, mostrou-se mais sensível para avaliar a progressão da doença do que as escalas de paraplegia espástica. A espasticidade apresentou distribuição bimodal, com o grau 1 (mínimo) e 4 (máximo). A força de preensão mostrou correlação inversa moderada com a idade. A combinação de paraplegia espástica de início precoce com polineuropatia progressiva faz da SPOAN uma condição incapacitante

Effect of Four Bleaching Regimens on Color Changes and Microhardness of Dental Nanofilled Composite

Objective. The purpose of this study was to compare the color changes and microhardness of a nanocomposite after four bleaching regimens. Materials. Twenty-five specimens (n = 25) were made with a nanocomposite resin (Filtek Supreme XT). The specimens were divided into five groups equally (n = 5): bleaching groups and control group, as follows: G1: artificial saliva at 37°C; (control) G2: hydrogen peroxide (HP) at 7%; G3: hydrogen peroxide (HP) at 35%; G4: carbamide peroxide (CP) at 10%; G5: carbamide peroxide (CP) 35%. Color measurements were made with spectrophotometer using CIELAB color scale. The Vickers hardness (VHN) measurements were performed at the top surface. The data were analyzed with two-way Analysis of Variance. Results. ΔE and VHN mean values into the groups were not statistically different, however, the VHN mean values before and after storage and bleaching showed statistically significant differences. Conclusion. Nanocomposite samples showed no significant alteration (color and microhardness) after bleaching. Thus, no replacement of restorations is required after bleaching

Pneumothorax secondary to a Pulmonary Bullae in a dog

Background: Pulmonary bullae are thin-walled cavitary lesions within the subpleural parenchyma. They are a result of the destruction, dilatation and coalescence of bordering alveoli and their rupture is the most common cause of pneumothorax in dogs. Radiographic and CT imaging are excellent tools for identifying and quantifying pneumothorax. Surgical treatment is considered standard for treatment of pneumothorax consequential to pulmonary bullae. The aim of this report was to describe a case of pneumothorax secondary to pulmonary bullae in a dog.Case: A 5-year-old male crossbreed dog, weighing 11.5 kg, was presented to the Uberaba’s Veterinary Hospital due to becoming easily tired in the previous 3 weeks, and its worsening in the last 2 days by presenting panting. The dog’s guardian did not witness any traumas, but informed that the animal resided with other 14 dogs and also that it frequently collided the thorax against the door when it came down from the bed. Physical examination showed diaphragmatic breathing, inspiratory dyspnea and stridor lung sound. Thoracocentesis revealed presence of air in the pleural cavity and pneumothorax. Radiographic images confirmed this condition. The dog stayed in the hospital and chest drains were placed. Since the amount of sucked air did not reduce with time and due to the emergence of subcutaneous emphysema, the dog went through exploratory thoracotomy that revealed impairment of the right caudal lung lobe, proceeding to lobectomy. The dog stayed in the hospital with chest drains until the contents of the suctions reduced significantly. With the removal of the drains, the dog was sent home and had a full recovery. Histopathology of the impaired lung revealed pulmonary bullae.Discussion: The dog from this report presented clinical signs consistent with pneumothorax, such as dyspnea, diaphragmatic breathing and exercise intolerance. Radiography of the chest region revealed images consistent with this condition, as it is an excellent tool for identifying it. This dog’s guardian was unable to confirm if there was occurrence of trauma due to the large number of cohabitants. In dogs, spontaneous pneumothorax commonly results from the rupture of pulmonary bullae, and these bullae may result from trauma, infectious diseases, thrombosis, obstructive, neoplastic, congenital or idiopathic conditions. Except from trauma, there were no evidence to support any of the other causes of pulmonary bullae in this case.  Traumatic injuries are very common in veterinary medicine, and blunt thoracic traumas with consequential pneumothorax are especially common. The emerging of subcutaneous emphysema, as happened with this dog, is frequently associated with pneumomediastine, and rarely has pathophysiologic impairments. The patient stayed in the hospital for support therapy and thoracocentesis, corroborating with literature; but since there was no improvement, it went through exploratory lobectomy, which revealed impairment of the right caudal lung lobe, proceeding to its exeresis. Surgical intervention is standard procedure in these cases. Histopathology of the impaired lung suggested the presence of pulmonary bullae. In literature, histopathological definitions for this condition are inconsistent, but usually locate the bullae within the pulmonary parenchyma, having walls less than 1 mm thick. Through radiology, unlike with cysts, identifying pulmonary bullae is challenging. In conclusion, this report showed that pulmonary bullae should be considered as a differential diagnose in patients showing pneumothorax considering it is hard to identify through imaging, and that it is important to adopt early therapy and surgical intervention for better outcomes.Keywords: dyspnea, panting, pulmonary lobectomy, thoracotomy, chest drain.Titulo:  Pneumotórax secundário a bolha pulmonar em cão.Descritores: dispneia, ofegante, lobectomia pulmonar, toracotomia, dreno torácico