¿Se puede prevenir la obesidad infantil? Evaluación de una intervención educativa dirigida a fomentar hábitos saludables

En los últimos años la sociedad ha sufrido grandes cambios, y, estos, afectan los hábitos saludables que practican las personas. Es por eso, que la obesidad infantil se ha convertido en un importante problema de salud pública. Por lo tanto, la escuela adquiere un papel fundamental: promover los hábitos saludables alimenticios en los niños y las niñas desde su comienzo en ella. Este trabajo gira en torno a una serie de actividades realizadas durante unas semanas del curso 2021 – 2022. En un grupo de alumnos/as de 5 a 6 años provenientes de un colegio situado en la población de Alberic (Valencia). Dada la necesidad observada de un grupo de alumnos/as que presentaba carencias en sus hábitos alimenticios en el aula, este trabajo tiene como objeto principal, fomentar e inculcar hábitos saludables alimenticios en los estudiantes. A lo largo de esta tarea se desarrolla una intervención didáctica en la cual se trabajan conceptos relacionados con la alimentación saludable mediante una metodología activa y lúdica. Como resultado de esta intervención, el alumnado mejoró sus hábitos saludables alimenticios y fue más consciente de la importancia que tienen estos en nuestra vida diaria y su influencia en la salud.In recent years society has undergone major changes and these affect people's healthy habits. That is why childhood obesity has become a major public health problem. Therefore, the school has a key role to play: promoting healthy eating habits in children from the beginning. This work revolves around a series of activities performed over a few weeks in the course 2021–2022 course. In a 5/6-year-old student/a group from a school located in the village of Alberic (Valencia). Given the observed need for a group of pupils/as who presented shortcomings in their eating habits in the classroom, this work is primarily aimed at promoting and inculcating healthy eating habits in students. Didactic intervention is taking place throughout this work, in which concepts relating to healthy food are worked through an active and lucid methodology. As a result of this intervention, the student improved their healthy eating habits and became more aware of the importance of these in our daily life and their influence on health

Study of Mechanical Disturbances in Superconducting Magnets using Piezoelectric Sensors and Quench Antenna

Mechanical disturbances in superconducting magnets were studied by recording and characterising the signals induced in piezo-electric ceramic sensors (piezos) and accelerometers by spontaneous acoustic emission (AE) during magnet excitation. The localisation of AE sources as recorded by the piezos corresponds to the localisation obtained by another, indirect technique, the so-called Quench Antenna. Dominant acoustic wave velocities along the magnet were measured by using selected piezos as active actuators. A mechanical disturbance energy calibration is shown and a way to estimate the minimum energy needed for quenching is proposed. A statistical approach is given in order to estimate the most probable amplitude of AE

Designing Hyperchaos and Intermittency in Semiconductor Superlattices

Weakly coupled semiconductor superlattices under dc voltage bias are excitable systems with many degrees of freedom that may exhibit spontaneous chaos at room temperature and act as fast physical random number generator devices. Superlattices with identical periods exhibit current self-oscillations due to the dynamics of charge dipole waves but chaotic oscillations exist on narrow voltage intervals. They disappear easily due to variation in structural growth parameters. Based on numerical simulations, we predict that inserting two identical sufficiently separated wider wells increases superlattice excitability by allowing wave nucleation at the modified wells and more complex dynamics. This system exhibits hyperchaos and varieties of intermittent chaos in extended dc voltage ranges. Unlike in ideal superlattices, our chaotic attractors are robust and resilient against noises and against controlled random disorder due to growth fluctuations.We acknowledge support by the FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades-Agencia Estatal de Investigación Grants No. MTM2017-84446-C2-2-R and No. PID2020-112796RB-C22, by the Madrid Government (Comunidad de Madrid-Spain) under the Multiannual Agreement with UC3M in the line of Excellence of University Professors (EPUC3M23), and in the context of the V PRICIT (Regional Programme of Research and Technological Innovation)

Emerging regional innovation policies for industry 4.0: analyzing the digital innovation hub program in European regions

This article is (c) Emerald Group Publishing and permission has been granted for this version to appear here (please insert the web address here). Emerald does not grant permission for this article to be further copied/distributed or hosted elsewhere without the express permission from Emerald Group Publishing Limited.[EN] Purpose Industry 4.0 or digitization, from a regional innovation system (RIS) and policy perspective to improve regional innovation, is over-looked. Specifically, this paper aims to focus on analyzing the nascent European Commission (EC) digital innovation hub (DIH) program, designed for fostering transition into Industry 4.0 in regions and facilitating new path development. Design/methodology/approach Empirically, 10 Spanish DIH is explored through interviews and secondary data analysis. Findings The results suggest that DIHs despite their emerging and trial-and-error stage are designed for promoting multi-actor collaborative platforms including non-local actors to stimulate transition into Industry 4.0 by promoting place-based collaboration alliances that respond to local/regional contextual specificities and demands. These regional-based platforms facilitate public-private partnerships that co-design policy initiatives resulting from co-participation and negotiation of spatially-bounded oriented initiatives for digitizing. Originality/value The authors answer: what are the key characteristics of emerging European-level regional innovation policies aimed at facilitating Industry 4.0 in regions? This is the first study on the topic.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades: RTI2018-095739-B-100.Hervás Oliver, JL.; González-Alcaide, G.; Rojas-Alvarado, R.; Monto-Mompo, S. (2021). Emerging regional innovation policies for industry 4.0: analyzing the digital innovation hub program in European regions. Competitiveness Review. 31(1):106-129. https://doi.org/10.1108/CR-12-2019-015910612931

The Test Facility for the Short Prototypes of the LHC Superconducting Magnets

The LHC development program relies on cryogenic tests of prototype and model magnets. This vigorous program is pursued in a dedicated test facility based on several vertical cryostats working at superfluid helium temperatures. The performance of the facility is detailed. Goals and test equipment for currently performed studies are reviewed: quench analysis and magnet protection studies, measurement of the field quality, test of ancillary electrical equipment like diodes and busbars. The paper covers the equipment available for tests of prototypes and some special series of LHC magnets to come

A Systematic Review of the Molecular and Cellular Alterations Induced by Cannabis That May Serve as Risk Factors for Bipolar Disorder

Background: Cannabis use is a risk factor of psychiatric illness, such as bipolar disorder type-I (BDI). Indeed, cannabis use strongly influences the onset and clinical course of BDI, although the biological mechanisms underlying this interaction remain unknown. Therefore, we have reviewed the biological mechanisms affected by cannabis use that may trigger BD. Methods: A systematic review was carried out of articles in which gene expression was studied in cannabis users or human-derived cells exposed to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabidiol (CBD). A second systematic review was then performed to identify articles in which gene expression was studied in BDI samples, highlighting those that described alterations to the same molecular and cellular mechanisms affected by cannabis/THC/CBD. Results: The initial search identified 82 studies on cannabis and 962 on BDI. After removing duplicates and applying the inclusion/ exclusion criteria, 9 studies into cannabis and 228 on BDI were retained. The molecular and cellular mechanisms altered by cannabis use or THC/CBD exposure were then identified, including neural development and function, cytoskeletal function, cell adhesion, mitochondrial biology, inflammatory related pathways, lipid metabolism, the endocannabinoid system, the hypocretin/orexin system, and apoptosis. Alterations to those activities were also described in 19 of 228 focused on BDI. Conclusions: The biological mechanisms described in this study may be good candidates to the search for diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BDI. Because cannabis use can trigger the onset of BD, further studies would be of interest to determine whether they are involved in the early development of the disorder, prompting early treatment

Memory effects in a gas of viscoelastic particles

We study a granular gas of viscoelastic particles (kinetic energy loss upon collision is a function of the particles' relative velocities at impact) subject to a stochastic thermostat. We show that the system displays anomalous cooling and heating rates during thermal relaxation processes, this causing the emergence of thermal memory. In particular, a significant Mpemba effect is present, i.e., an initially hotter/cooler granular gas can cool down/heat up faster than an in comparison cooler/hotter granular gas. Moreover, a Kovacs effect is also observed, i.e., a nonmonotonic relaxation of the granular temperature¿if the gas undergoes certain sudden temperature changes before fixing its value. Our results show that both memory effects have distinct features, very different and eventually opposed to those reported in theory for granular fluids under simpler collisional models. We study our system via three independent methods: approximate solution of the kinetic equation time evolution and computer simulations (both molecular dynamics simulations and direct simulation Monte Carlo method), finding good agreement between them.This work has been partially funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and the Agencia Estatal de Investigación through Grant Nos. MTM2017-84446-C2–2-R (A.L., E.M., and A.T.), FIS2017-84440-C2–2-P (A.T.), and FIS2016-76359-P. (F.V.R.). M.A.L.C. and F.V.R. also acknowledge support from the regional Extremadura Government through Project Nos. GR18079 and IB16087. Computing facilities from the Extremadura Research Centre for Advanced Technologies (CETA-CIEMAT) are also acknowledged. All grants and facilities were provided with partial support from the ERDF

A Demonstration Experiment for the Main Field Tracking and the Sextupole and Decapole Compensation in the LHC Main Magnets

A dedicated measurement campaign was set up to test the FiDeL concept and its LSA implementation. The test was performed by demonstrating the tracking of B1 and B2 for two LHC main dipoles and one LHC main quadrupole. It also included the compensation of the b3 and b5 harmonics in the dipole magnets using the sextupole and decapole corrector magnets. In this report we present the techniques developed to power the magnets for these tests during the current ramps; the instrumentation and data acquisition setup used to perform the tracking experiments; the calibration procedure and data corrections employed; and finally the main results obtained

Main Field Tracking Measurement in the LHC Superconducting Dipole and Quadrupole Magnets

One of the most stringent requirements during the energy ramp of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is to have a constant ratio between dipole-quadrupole and dipole-dipole field so as to control the variation of the betatron tune and of the beam orbit throughout the acceleration phase, hence avoiding particle loss. To achieve the nominal performance of the LHC, a maximum variation of ±0.003 tune units can be tolerated. For the commissioning with low intensity beams, acceptable bounds are up to 30 times higher. For the quadrupole-dipole integrated field ratio, the above requirements translate in the tight windows of 6 ppm and 180 ppm, while for dipole differences between sectors the acceptable error is of the order of 10^-4. Measurement and control at this level are challenging. For this reason we have launched a dedicated measurement R&D to demonstrate that these ratios can be measured and controlled within the limits for machine operation. In this paper we present the techniques developed to power the magnets during the current ramps, the instrumentation and data acquisition setup used to perform the tracking experiments, the calibration procedure and the data reduction employed

A Semantic Portal for the International Affairs Sector

The Royal Institute Elcano(dagger) (Real Instituto Elcano) in Spain is a prestigious independent political institute whose mission is to comment on the political situation in the world focusing on its relation to Spain. As part of its dissemination strategy it operates a public website. The online content can be accessed by navigating through categories or by a keyword-based, full text search engine. The work described in this paper aims at improving access to the content. We describe an approach, tools and techniques that allow building a semantic portal, where access is based on the meaning of concepts and relations of the International Affairs domain. The approach comprises an automatic ontology-based annotator, a semantic search engine with a natural language inter-face, a web publication tool allowing semantic navigation, and a 3D visualization component. The semantic portal is currently being tested by the Institute