Photopolymerizable nanocomposite photonic materials and their holographic applications in light and neutron optics

We present an overview of recent investigations of photopolymerizable nanocomposite photonic materials in which, thanks to their high degree of material selectivity, recorded volume gratings possess high refractive index modulation amplitude and high mechanical/thermal stability at the same time, providing versatile applications in light and neutron optics. We discuss the mechanism of grating formation in holographically exposed nanocomposite materials, based on a model of the photopolymerization-driven mutual diffusion of monomer and nanoparticles. Experimental inspection of the recorded gratings morphology by various physicochemical and optical methods is described. We then outline the holographic recording properties of volume gratings recorded in photopolymerizable nanocomposite materials consisting of inorganic/organic nanoparticles and monomers having various photopolymerization mechanisms. Finally, we show two examples of our holographic applications, holographic digital data storage and slow-neutron beam control.(VLID)286369

SHISA: The IPv6 Mobility Framework for BSD Operating Systems

Mobile IPv6 and Network Mobility Basic Support (NEMO BS) are the IETF standard mobility protocols for IPv6. When we consider the deployment of a new protocol, it is well understood that the existence of a free protocol implementation, which can be used as a reference implementation for both research and operation, plays important roles. SHISA is a free implementation of Mobile IPv6 and NEMO BS protocols built on top of BSD operating systems. The purpose of SHISA is to be a reference implementation of the mobility protocols and to accelerate the deployment. In this paper, we explain the background of the development, introduce the design and explain the implementation detail. SHISA consists of the modified kernel and the user space programs, which is a similar approach as the routing/forwarding mechanism implemented in many UNIX systems. We designed a new communication layer between kernel and a user space program and also between user space programs to exchange mobility related information. This design makes the implementation simple and extensible. SHISA also provides some advanced features such as multiple care-of address registration and IPv4 prefix support which will help the deployment in a real situation.

Copy Number Analysis of 9p24.1 in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma Arising in Immune Deficiency/Dysregulation

A subset of patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving methotrexate develop immune deficiencies and dysregulation-associated lymphoproliferative disorders. Patients with these disorders often exhibit spontaneous regression after MTX withdrawal; however, chemotherapeutic intervention is frequently required in patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma arising in immune deficiency/dysregulation. In this study, we examined PD-L1 expression levels and 9p24.1 copy number alterations in 27 patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma arising from immune deficiency/dysregulation. All patients demonstrated PD-L1 protein expression and harbored 9p24.1 copy number alterations on the tumor cells. When comparing clinicopathological data and associations with 9p24.1 copy number features, the copy gain group showed a significantly higher incidence of extranodal lesions and clinical stages than the amplification group. Notably, all cases in the amplification group had latency type II, while 6/8 (75%) in the copy gain group had latency type II, and 2/8 (25%) had latency type I. Thus, a subset of the copy-gain group demonstrated more extensive extranodal lesions and higher clinical stages. This finding speculates the presence of a genetically distinct subgroup within the group of patients who develop immune deficiencies and dysregulation-associated lymphoproliferative disorders, which may explain certain characteristic features

Recommendations for 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging for diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis—2018 update: Japanese Society of Nuclear Cardiology recommendations

This manuscript was previously published in Shinzo-Kaku-Igaku in Japanese [Shinichiro S, Yoshinaga K, Miyagawa M et al. 心臓サルコイドーシスに対する18F-FDG PET検査の手引き 2018年改訂. Shinzo-Kaku-Igaku 21:22–27. https://doi.org/10.14951/jsnc.21-001]. This manuscript is an English translated version with slight modification

Distribution and clinical impact of molecular subtypes with dark zone signature of DLBCL in a Japanese real-world study

The distribution and clinical impact of cell-of-origin (COO) subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) outside Western countries remain unknown. Recent literature also suggests that there is an additional COO subtype associated with the germinal center dark zone (DZ) that warrants wider validation to generalize clinical relevance. Here, we assembled a cohort of Japanese patients with untreated DLBCL and determined the refined COO subtypes, which include the DZ signature (DZsig), using the NanoString DLBCL90 assay. To compare the distribution and clinical characteristics of the molecular subtypes, we used a data set from the cohort of British Columbia Cancer (BCC) (n = 804). Through the 1050 patient samples on which DLBCL90 assay was successfully performed in our cohort, 35%, 45%, and 6% of patients were identified to have germinal center B-cell–like (GCB) DLBCL, activated B-cell–like (ABC) DLBCL, and DZsig-positive (DZsigpos) DLBCL, respectively, with the highest prevalence of ABC-DLBCL, differing significantly from the BCC result (P < .001). GCB-DLBCL, ABC-DLBCL, and DZsigpos-DLBCL were associated with 2-year overall survival rates of 88%, 75%, and 66%, respectively (P < .0001), with patients with DZsigpos-DLBCL having the poorest prognosis. In contrast, GCB-DLBCL without DZsig showed excellent outcomes after rituximab-containing immunochemotherapy. DZsigpos-DLBCL was associated with the significant enrichment of tumors with CD10 expression, concurrent MYC/BCL2 expression, and depletion of microenvironmental components (all, P < .05). These results provide evidence of the distinct distribution of clinically relevant molecular subtypes in Japanese DLBCL and that refined COO, as measured by the DLBCL90 assay, is a robust prognostic biomarker that is consistent across geographical areas

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Genetic and epigenetic stability of oligodendrogliomas at recurrence

Clinical characteristics of the patient cohort. Table S2. Sequence data summary. Table S3. List of the somatic mutations in this study. (XLSX 163 kb