3 research outputs found
La disminuciĂłn de la pobreza en Venezuela entre 2001 y 2007Â : alcance y sostenibilidad
Cet article porte sur l’étude de la diminution de la pauvretĂ© de revenus au Venezuela entre 2001 et 2007. En appliquant les propriĂ©tĂ©s de dĂ©composition additive de la famille des mesures proposĂ©es par Foster, Greer et Thorbecke, Ă des donnĂ©es issues d’enquĂŞtes sur les mĂ©nages et rĂ©alisĂ©es par Muestreo (Institut National de Statistiques), on obtient des rĂ©sultats permettant de comparer les foyers touchĂ©s par la pauvretĂ© de revenus au Venezuela entre 2001 et 2007. Ces donnĂ©es mettent en avant des facteurs qui prouvent une diminution de la pauvretĂ©. On rĂ©alise ensuite une comparaison sur la base de mesures de pauvretĂ© structurelle comme « l’Indice de Premières NĂ©cessitĂ©s Non satisfaites » et « l’Indice de PauvretĂ© Humaine ». Par ailleurs les revenus des mĂ©nages sont analysĂ©s afin d’en examiner les composantes pour identifier les parts de revenus qui ont le plus contribuĂ© Ă la diminution de la pauvretĂ© durant cette pĂ©riode. La structure mĂŞme des mĂ©nages est aussi examinĂ©e Ă travers des variables traditionnellement associĂ©es Ă la pauvretĂ© afin d’évaluation le changement socio-Ă©conomique qui a eu lieu. En rĂ©alitĂ© la diminution observĂ©e provient plus d’une augmentation des revenus non professionnels du mĂ©nage – notamment ceux des transferts Ă©tatiques ou de parents – que d’une augmentation des revenus issus du travail productif des membres du foyer. Le phĂ©nomène est très liĂ© Ă l’augmentation de dĂ©penses publiques gĂ©nĂ©rĂ©es par l’actuelle prospĂ©ritĂ© pĂ©trolière de l’État. Cette augmentation ne s’est cependant pas traduite par des rĂ©sultats structuraux suffisants d’amĂ©lioration des conditions de vie de la population, ni par des changements qui Ă©viteraient une nouvelle augmentation de la pauvretĂ© quand cette prospĂ©ritĂ© pĂ©trolière sera passĂ©e. Aussi des ajustements sont-ils indispensables. Il s’agit lĂ , en fait, d’un cycle que l’économie et la sociĂ©tĂ© pĂ©trolière vĂ©nĂ©zuĂ©lienne ont dĂ©jĂ expĂ©rimentĂ© plusieurs fois depuis un demi-siècle.This article addresses the study of the diminishing poverty in Venezuela between 2001 and 2007. With the application of the properties of additive decomposition, from the family of measures proposed by Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke, to the data received from the surveys on households conducted by Muestreo (National Institute of Statistics), we can obtain results that allow for the comparison of households touched by poverty in Venezuela between 2001 and 2007. This data illuminates the factors that prove a decrease in poverty. We then do a comparison based on the measures of structural poverty, like “The Index of Unsatisfied Basic Needs” and the “Human Poverty Index”. Furthermore, the household incomes are broken down to enable us to examine their components to identify the portion of the revenue which has contributed the most to the decrease of poverty during that time period. The structure itself of the households was also examined through variables traditionally linked to poverty, in order to evaluate the socio-economic change which occurred. In fact, the observed decrease comes more from an increase in non-professional revenues of the household – notably from governmental money transfers, or money from parents – than an augmentation of revenues gained from productive work by members of the household. This phenomenon is closely linked to an increase in public spending generated by the petroleum-based prosperity of the State. This increase did not translate into structural changes sufficient to better the conditions of life of the population, nor will these changes prevent a new increase in poverty when this petroleum-based prosperity has passed. Therefore, it is crucial that adjustments be made. In fact, what is happening there is a cycle that the economy and petroleum interests of Venezuela have experienced many times in the last half-century.El artĂculo presenta un examen de la disminuciĂłn de la pobreza de ingresos en Venezuela entre los años 2001 y 2007. Aplicando las propiedades de descomposiciĂłn aditiva de la familia de medidas de Foster, Greer y Thorbecke a datos provenientes de las Encuestas de Hogares por Muestreo que administra el Instituto Nacional de EstadĂstica, se obtiene una caracterizaciĂłn comparativa de los hogares en pobreza de ingresos en Venezuela en los años 2001 y 2007, que revela factores asociados con la disminuciĂłn observada de la pobreza. Seguidamente se realizan comparaciones con medidas de pobreza estructural, tales como el Ăndice de Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas y el ĂŤndice de Pobreza Humana. Adicionalmente se desglosan los ingresos de los hogares para un examen de sus componentes, con el fin de identificar las partes del ingreso que más han influido en la disminuciĂłn de la pobreza en ese perĂodo. Finalmente se examina la estructura de los hogares mediante variables tradicionalmente asociadas a la pobreza que facilitan una apreciaciĂłn del cambio socioeconĂłmico ocurrido. El trabajo concluye que la disminuciĂłn observada de la pobreza por ingresos se debe más al aumento de los ingresos no laborales del hogar, particularmente a transferencias familiares y estatales, que al trabajo productivo de sus miembros. Se concluye que la disminuciĂłn observada de la pobreza está muy vinculada al crecimiento del gasto pĂşblico generado por la actual bonanza petrolera del Estado, y que este crecimiento no se ha traducido en suficientes resultados estructurales de mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida de la poblaciĂłn, ni en cambios que eviten nuevos aumentos de la pobreza cuando la bonanza pase y los ajustes se hagan indispensables. Es un ciclo que la economĂa y la sociedad petrolera venezolana han experimentado varias veces en el Ăşltimo medio siglo
La disminuciĂłn de la pobreza en Venezuela entre 2001 y 2007Â : alcance y sostenibilidad
This article addresses the study of the diminishing poverty in Venezuela between 2001 and 2007. With the application of the properties of additive decomposition, from the family of measures proposed by Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke, to the data received from the surveys on households conducted by Muestreo (National Institute of Statistics), we can obtain results that allow for the comparison of households touched by poverty in Venezuela between 2001 and 2007. This data illuminates the factors that prove a decrease in poverty. We then do a comparison based on the measures of structural poverty, like “The Index of Unsatisfied Basic Needs” and the “Human Poverty Index”. Furthermore, the household incomes are broken down to enable us to examine their components to identify the portion of the revenue which has contributed the most to the decrease of poverty during that time period. The structure itself of the households was also examined through variables traditionally linked to poverty, in order to evaluate the socio-economic change which occurred. In fact, the observed decrease comes more from an increase in non-professional revenues of the household – notably from governmental money transfers, or money from parents – than an augmentation of revenues gained from productive work by members of the household. This phenomenon is closely linked to an increase in public spending generated by the petroleum-based prosperity of the State. This increase did not translate into structural changes sufficient to better the conditions of life of the population, nor will these changes prevent a new increase in poverty when this petroleum-based prosperity has passed. Therefore, it is crucial that adjustments be made. In fact, what is happening there is a cycle that the economy and petroleum interests of Venezuela have experienced many times in the last half-century