Green and Resilient City: Obligatory Requirements and Voluntary Actions in Moscow

The interest to the sustainable development, resilience and smartness of cities and communities has been growing globally since 1980s. City governments have been working out strategies, forming unions and associations, and exchanging experience in facing urbanization challenges and managing city assets sustainably. Authors consider international initiatives and standards providing for the common background needed to work out and implement sustainable development and resilience strategies and management plans as well as to assess and compare results achieved. Major initiatives analyzed include the United Nations HABITAT Program, the International “Green City Index” research, the network of the world’s megacities committed to addressing climate change (C40), the Charter of European Cities and Towns Towards Sustainability (Aalborg Charter) and the Working Group on Environmentally Sustainable Cities of Association of Southeast Asian Nations. A new series of the International Organization for Standardization standards ISO 37000 establishing requirements to management systems for sustainable development of communities and offering guidance in setting aims and objectives and measuring success is considered. Peculiarities of the understanding and use of these standards in Russia are described. Authors study a wide range of legal requirements set by Moscow city government in the period of 1993–2018 and demonstrate advantages and shortcoming of the legal acts passed and enforced. Consider voluntary actions undertaken by the local community, non-governmental organizations and educational establishments. The Chapter demonstrates the need for systematizing patchy policy documents and research projects. The case for the restoration of Moscow water bodies (small rivers) as backbones of the urban ecological network will be elaborated. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Clonal Micropropagation Technique оf Stachys Sieboldii Mig

This article gives information about nontraditional stachys plant (Stachys sieboldii Mig.), its cultivation and newmethod of plant propagation - clonal micropropagation. The most valuable parts of the plant are nodulesformed on the stolons, but leaves and stems can also be used in food. Stachys sieboldii Mig. (Labiatae) is native to Northern China and widely distributed in North America, Asia, and Europe. S. sieboldii has been used in Chinese folk medicine for the treatment of ischemic stroke, senile dementia, and various gastrointestinal problems. The article describes development of an efficient in vitro plantlet regeneration system from tubers of Stachys sieboldii (Miq.). Because of unfavorable climate of the Russian Federation, stachys can be multiplied in vegetative wayonly. It is conventionally propagated by its tubers, but this method is not practical for large-scale clonal propagation. The methods of biotechnology help to reduce energy costs and increase significantly the reproduction rate. Proper passage of clonal micropropagation stages (introduction into culture, proper propagation, rooting and adaptation to in vivo conditions) make it possible to obtain quality planting material at low material and time costs.In vitro techniques offer many unique advantages over conventional propagation methods such as disinfection, rapid multiplication, expeditious release of improved varieties, production of disease-free plants, non-seasonal production throughout the year

Composition and content of antioxidants in nodules and leaves of stachis (Stachys sieboldii Mig) of Bochonok and Rakushka varieties

Providing the world population with high-quality and functional food products is one of the main tasks of modern scientists. The introduction and subsequent cultivation of new and rare crops makes it possible to expand the diet. Stachys sieboldii Mig, or stakhys, is a vegetable plant with medicinal properties. Of particular value is the underground part of the plant, its nodules. But even the leaves accumulate microelements, antioxidants and phenolic compounds. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved

Correction of the immune status of cows by using aminoseleton during the dry period for prevention of antenatal calf hypotrophy

The article describes the indicators of secondary immune deficiency in pregnant cows during the cow drying off. Morphological, biochemical, and immunological blood parameters are displayed. Clinical manifestation of calf hypotrophy syndrome during the neonatal period is studied. The experience of using Aminoseleton for pregnant cows during the drying off is describes. Evaluation of the biological effect on the organism of cows of a new tissue biostimulator was carried out on 22 cows with secondary immunodeficiency 30-45 days before calving, formed on the principle of paired analogues in two groups. Aminoseleton was used subcutaneously five times every 72 hours at a dose of 40 ml. The positive effect of immunomodulator Aminoseleton on metabolic status and the overall non-specific resistance indicators during the cow drying off was revealed. According to the results hypotrophic calves were born with a deficiency of body weight and a non-proportional physique. Tendency to centralize circulation, hypovolemia, hyperdynamic reaction with infarction, pulmonary hypertension with, spastic condition precapillary arterioles, disturbance of microcirculation in microvessels in newborn hypotrophic calves was observed. In perinatal hypotrophy in calves, inhibition of cellular immunity was noted predominantly against the background of an increased activity of oxidative metabolism in neutrophils. The results of our research indicate a violation of the structure and links of non-specific cellular and humoral resistance in calves with perinatal hypotrophy. As a result, a direct correlation between the level of non-specific resistance of the mother’s organism, and the state of health condition of the newborns is established. © 2019 Popova et al

Special aspects of systemic inflammation course in animals

Aim: In this study, we identified characteristics of systemic inflammation associated with surgical sepsis in animals. We evaluated the role of purine metabolism, functionally associated lipoperoxidation processes of membrane structures, and the antioxidant system in the development of surgical sepsis in dogs. Materials and Methods: Dogs with a provisional exclusion of sepsis were included in the study. The control group (Group 1) included clinically healthy dogs (n=5), and medium-breed dogs with systemic inflammation response syndrome (n=30) were categorized in the experimental group (Group 2). Along with hemogram and biochemical analysis, we determined the amount of malondialdehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase on the 1st and 14th day of the study. Treatment included a thorough reorganization of the septic focus, followed by antibacterial therapy. Sick animals were injected with a drug (dexamethasone) that suppresses the synthesis and inhibits the action of inflammatory mediators. Decompensation of the functions of organs and systems was carried out using symptomatic therapy. Results: We found that enhanced lipid peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids of membrane structures stimulates the generalization of inflammatory process, as evidenced by the significant deviation from the physiologically normal values of lipid peroxidation, C-reactive protein, blood cell count, etc. The course of systemic inflammation associated with surgical sepsis in animals can be attributed to several consistently developing processes that function as a result of increased purine mononucleotide catabolism, peroxide compound formation, and their excessive breakdown in reactions associated with the consumption of glutathione due to the insufficient recovery of glutathione disulfide. Conclusion: The amount of uric acid, glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronic acid in blood plasma, and the content of malondialdehyde, glutathione, and glutathione reductase in erythrocytes should be considered when assessing the severity of the systemic inflammatory process. The increased glutathione requirement in dogs with surgical sepsis requires intervention with pharmacological agents, and further research is needed in this aspect. © Chernigova, et al. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated

Efficiency of antihelmitic drugs in the treatment of canine intestinal nematodes

The work presents the effectiveness of anthelmintic drugs in the treatment of canine intestinal nematodoses, since gastrointestinal parasites are the most common canine infectious agents and cause developmental delay, anorexia, anemia, diarrhea, which leads to significant damage to the dog's body and even death. In this regard, the analysis of the comparative efficacy of anthelmintic drugs for nematodoses in naturally invasive dogs was the aim of the present studies. As a result, it was found that using the combined therapeutic scheme of anthelmintic and probiotic, the complete disappearance of canine helminthiasis clinical signs was noted by the 10th day of treatment. This indicates a positive effect of symptomatic therapy for helminthiases. © 2018, Pharmainfo Publications. All rights reserved

Empirical therapy for vulvovaginitis in reproductive-aged women in routine clinical practice

Objective. To evaluate the efficiency of empirical therapy with tergynan in reproductive-aged women in routine clinical practice. Subjects and methods. The TERRA multicenter post-registration observational study enrolled 430 reproductive-aged patients diagnosed with acute vulvovaginitis. Based on their complaints, clinical symptoms, and objective examination, the patients received empirical therapy with the combination antimicrobial drug Tergynan as a single vaginal tablet once daily for 10 days. Gynecological examination, pH-metry, and bacterioscopic and bacteriological examinations of discharge (Femoflor-16) were performed, and the time course of changes in clinical symptoms evaluated. Results. There was less vaginal discharge, a complete disappearance of unpleasant odor, and a feeling of vaginal itching and burning (74.5 and 67.1%, respectively). There were increases in the detection rate of Lactobacillus spp. by 2 times with a dissemination level of 106-107 CFU/ml, in the suppression of obligate anaerobic representatives (associations of Gardnerella vaginalis + Prevotella bivia + Porphyromonas spp., as well as Eubacterium spp.) by 5 times, facultative anaerobic bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae and Streptococcus spp.) by 3 times, and yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida by 2 times. Conclusion. This investigation demonstrated the high clinical (96.5%) and microbiological (97.3%) efficiency of empirical therapy with tergynan in 430 reproductive-aged women with acute nonspecific vulvovaginitis. © 2020, Bionika Media Ltd. All rights reserved