Role of danazol in management of mastalgia: a tertiary care experience from North India

Background: Mastalgia is one of the most common complains, for which women consult their general practitioner. Majority of the patients presented with fear of cancer so patient education and availability of quality radiological and pathological services are crucial in the management of patients with mastalgia. This study is aimed to assess the efficacy of danazol on cyclical and non-cyclical mastalgia.Methods: The study was conducted at Sher-I-Kashmir institute of medical sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar between January 2018 to July 2019. All the patients with mastalgia between 19 to 45 years presenting to surgical OPD were considered eligible for the study. After standard triple assessment, all our patients received 100 mg of danazol twice a day for a period of 3 months. Data was collected and analyzed.Results: All the patients with mastalgia between 19 to 45 years presenting to surgical OPD were considered eligible for the study. 72% of our patients presented with cyclic mastalgias while as 28% had non cyclic symptoms. 89.65% of patients in cyclic group had responded to cap. Danazol 100 mg twice daily and 81.81% had shown improvement in non-cyclic group. 19 of our patients had side effects due to medications.14 of our patients developed recurrence after discontinuation of medication.Conclusions: Danazol is very effective in the management of both cyclical and non-cyclical mastalgias. However, cost of the drug and side effects limits its use. Further studies are needed to examine the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of the effects after stopping the treatment

Phytofabrication of Silver nanoparticles: Novel Drug to overcome hepatocellular ailments

This study aimed to treat hepatocellular ailments with biologically prepared silver nanoparticle (AgNPs). AgNPs were formulated using Morus alba leaf extract and their synthesis and characterization were determined by UV–visible spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Scanning Electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Zeta analysis. In vitro studies on HepG2 cell lines for cytotoxic effect and in vivo studies in a rat model for hepatoprotective effect were carried out using biologically prepared AgNPs as curing agents. Dose response cytotoxicity on hepatic cancer (HepG2) cells was confirmed by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazole-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were found to be 20 μg/mL and 80 μg/mL for AgNPs and M. alba leaf extract respectively against HepG2 cells at 24 h incubation. In addition, hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats (180 ± 10 g) was induced by intraperitoneal injection of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) and were treated with different doses of AgNPs (25, 50, 100 μg/kg). NDEA administration showed a significant rise in the biochemical parameters whereas the levels of enzymic antioxidants were decreased. Obtained results revealed that the elevated levels of Liver Function Test (LFTs) biomarkers were significantly reversed and the antioxidant levels were significantly recouped towards normal after the conjoint treatment of AgNPs in a dose-dependent manner. Thus green synthesized AgNPs showed a promising curing effect on hepatocellular ailments. Keywords: Morus alba, Silver nanoparticles, N-Nitrosodiethylamine, HepG2, Live