Study of ACE2 gene expression and evaluated some cellular and humoral immunity parameters of COVID-19 patients in Ramadi City

The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the COVID-19 epidemic. SARS-CoV-2 accesses host cells by ACE2, which is abundantly expressed in the heart, kidneys, and lungs and shed into the plasma. Many SARS-CoV-2 patients' neutralizing antibody titers and memory B cell responses may be transient, exposing them to re-infection. Notably, neutralizing antibody titers and the number of virus-specific T cells had a substantial relationship. Our findings lay the groundwork for additional research into protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and the etiology of COVID-19, particularly in severe instances. The most important characteristic of our findings a positive correlation between all parameters (cellular and humoral) and COVID-19 patients compared with healthy group excepting neutrophil cells where no significant difference was observed between the two groups. Lymphopenia and elevated levels of specific cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, have been linked to illness severity in general. T cells are thought to play a key role in the first immune response. In extreme situations, a significant drop in T cell counts is virtually always detected

Determination of the Inhibitory Efficacy of Iraqi Tribulus Terrestris l. Fruit Extract Against Some Types of Staphylococcus Aureus and Detection of Its Active Compounds

A total number of 50 Staphylococcus aureus (56.81)% from 88 isolates of Staphylococci were isolated and identified from wounds, burns, ear, urine, eyes, pus and skin boils, in laboratories of Maternity and Child Teaching Hospital, Ramadi Teaching Hospital, and Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad for the period from March to May/2017. Isolates diagnosis depended on microbial, cultural, and biochemical characteristics. Concentrations series of Tribulus terrestris ethanolic extract were prepared at concentrations of 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml with inhibition zones of 0, 0, 11.3, 16.6, 21.3, and 25.6 mm respectively, minimum inhibitory concentration determined as 12.5 mg/ml. The results of GC-MS showed that extract contains many active chemical compounds most important which phytol, pyrrole, lupeol, taraxerone, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids that play essential role in growth inhibition of bacteria and have ability to reduce biofilm production, also many active groups were identified by using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) technique. Results showed that ethanolic extract reduced the ability of S.aureus to produce the biofilm by using sub – MIC of 50 – 81.4 %