4 research outputs found
Identifying the combining ability and genetic components of some rice agronomic traits (Oryza sativa L.)
No full textTraditional breeding methods produce high-yielding varieties with blast disease resistance. In this study, twenty-one F1s were evaluated for genotypic variation with seven parents; Analysis of variance showed statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level between all genotypes (crosses and parents). Blast and its constituent characters were also significantly affected by the mean squares of parents versus crosses. On the other hand, all of the F1 characters studied showed extremely high levels of variance in general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). The best hybrid combinations for grain yield per plant were Sakha101 × Hassawi-1, Giza175 × Sakha103, and Gz9577 × Giza175. Regarding heritability estimates for all traits under consideration, the results revealed that heritability, in general, was high for all characters. Pearson's correlation found 15 correlation coefficients among the characters to be significant (p < 0.05). Flag leaf area, grain yield per plant, and milling percentage all had positive and highly significant correlations
Comparative Genetic Diversity Assessment and Marker–Trait Association Using Two DNA Marker Systems in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.)
No full textIn this paper, the genetic diversities of 12 rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.), representing Indica, Japonica, and Indica–Japonica varieties, were assessed using twelve ISSR and five SSR markers. In addition, the rice genotypes were evaluated for 11 agro-morphological traits in a two-year trial. Association mapping was performed to detect any association between the DNA markers and the agro-morphological traits. An association analysis was conducted considering the relative kinship among the genotypes and accounting for the population structure using the unified mixed-model approach to avoid possible false-positive associations. Seventy-three alleles were collectively produced by ISSRs and SSRs, with an average of 6.3 and 2.8 alleles per locus, respectively. Both marker systems were informative, and the average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.222 and 0.352 for ISSRs and SSRs, respectively. The average expected heterozygosity (Hexp) was 0.264 for ISSRs compared to 0.457 for SSRs. After using the false discovery rate (FDR) method, the association analysis revealed a total of 12 significant marker–trait associations with six agro-morphological traits, including the no. of unfiled grains panicle−1, panicle length, panicle weight, the no. of panicles plant−1, the no. of tillers plant−1, and 1000-grain weight. ISSRs showed seven significant associations with five markers, while SSRs showed three significant associations with three markers. The phenotypic variance (R2) explained by each marker ranged between 29.2% for the ISSR marker HB11 (associated with 1000-grain weight) and 49.3% for the ISSR marker HB8 (associated with the no. of tillers plant−1). The identified marker–trait associations reported herein may improve the expected gain of future molecular-based rice-breeding programs, particularly those designed for improving grain-related or harvest-related traits
Comparative Genetic Diversity Assessment and Marker–Trait Association Using Two DNA Marker Systems in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
No full textIn this paper, the genetic diversities of 12 rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.), representing Indica, Japonica, and Indica–Japonica varieties, were assessed using twelve ISSR and five SSR markers. In addition, the rice genotypes were evaluated for 11 agro-morphological traits in a two-year trial. Association mapping was performed to detect any association between the DNA markers and the agro-morphological traits. An association analysis was conducted considering the relative kinship among the genotypes and accounting for the population structure using the unified mixed-model approach to avoid possible false-positive associations. Seventy-three alleles were collectively produced by ISSRs and SSRs, with an average of 6.3 and 2.8 alleles per locus, respectively. Both marker systems were informative, and the average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.222 and 0.352 for ISSRs and SSRs, respectively. The average expected heterozygosity (Hexp) was 0.264 for ISSRs compared to 0.457 for SSRs. After using the false discovery rate (FDR) method, the association analysis revealed a total of 12 significant marker–trait associations with six agro-morphological traits, including the no. of unfiled grains panicle−1, panicle length, panicle weight, the no. of panicles plant−1, the no. of tillers plant−1, and 1000-grain weight. ISSRs showed seven significant associations with five markers, while SSRs showed three significant associations with three markers. The phenotypic variance (R2) explained by each marker ranged between 29.2% for the ISSR marker HB11 (associated with 1000-grain weight) and 49.3% for the ISSR marker HB8 (associated with the no. of tillers plant−1). The identified marker–trait associations reported herein may improve the expected gain of future molecular-based rice-breeding programs, particularly those designed for improving grain-related or harvest-related traits
Effects of zinc nanoparticles and proline on growth, physiological and yield characteristics of pea (Pisum sativum L.) irrigated with diluted seawater
No full textAbstractUsing diluted seawater for irrigation presents a potential solution to tackle water scarcity and optimize water usage in regions where there is a shortage of freshwater resources. Therefore, the objective of current study was to assess the efficacy of proline and zinc nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), either alone or in combination, in alleviating adverse impacts of diluted seawater irrigation [2.5% (EC, 1.6) and 5% (EC, 2,3)] on the growth and productivity of pea plants (cv. Master B) during the winter seasons of 2022/2023 and 2023/2024. The results indicated that irrigation with diluted seawater had negative effects on several growth parameters of peas, including plant height, leaf area, plant dry weight, chlorophyll pigment (Ch a, Ch b, and total Ch) content, and seed chemical composition. In contrast, foliar application of ZnO-NPs, proline, or their combination improved plant growth, productivity, oxidative enzyme activities, net photosynthesis, and phenolic compound content under salinity stress. Furthermore, these treatments positively influenced the content of essential nutrients (NPK), vitamin C, carbohydrate percentage, and crude protein in pea seeds. The combination of ZnO-NPs and proline yielded the highest values for most parameters during the experimental seasons. Overall, the interaction between ZnO-NPs and proline showed promise in enhancing pea plant growth and productivity, especially in environments characterized by salt stress
