The Role of the Members of the Teaching Staff in the Development of Digital Citizenship for Students of the Faculty of Education at King Saud University from the Point of View of the Students of the Doctoral Program

The current study aimed to identify the role of the members of the teaching staff in the development of digital citizenship for students of the faculty of education at the University of King Saud from the point of view of the students of the doctoral program in the Department of Educational Administration .To identify the differences of statistical significance - if any - between the response of the members of the sample on the role of the members of the teaching staff in the development of digital citizenship for students of the faculty of education at the University of King Saud, in accordance with the variable (sex, years of experience in dealing with technology).To identify the suggestions to increase the role of the members of the teaching staff in the development of digital citizenship for students of the faculty of education at the University of King Saud from the point of view of the students of the doctoral program in the Department of Educational Administration. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive approach is used as a trial to describe and evaluate the use of electronic questionnaire which has been distributed to all members of the school community whose number is (187) PhD male and female students, in the department of Educational Administration. Keywords: Digital citizenship

Distribution and ultrastructure of sensillae on legs and anal cerci in earwig Anisolabis maritima (Dermaptera: Carcinophoridae)

AbstractChemoreceptors play an important role for insects behavior in detecting their defined targets for feeding or mating. This study revealed the presence of different forms of receptors sensillae occurred on the legs and anal cerci of Anisolabis maritima using SEM. Leg surface contains three types of trichoid, one type basiconica sensillae. Generally, sensillae distribution is fewer on the femur than tibia and tarsus. Anal cerci also contained three types of trichoid, three types of basiconic, one type of coeloconica sensillae, and campaniform sensillae on the terminal end of females only

Functional compounds from the integument of adult red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

AbstractThis study deals with the analysis of the integument of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus of both sexes using the GC–MS technique. The results of the study revealed many promising compounds. These include aspidofractinine-3-methanol (kopsinyl alcohol) which was found in the acetone extract of the sternum of females, and 3-buten-2-ol (32-B) which was found in the extracts of sternum and tergum of males. This compound the aggregation pheromone was secreted by males. Additionally, compounds with methoxy groups were found. These may be responsible for insects’ resistance. This study, through separation and identification of these compounds, aims to open a new possibility for their future medical and therapeutic usage

Fiber-reinforced implantretained overdentures: studies of their mechanical behavior and deformation in relation with attachment systems

The fracture incidence is commonly noticed at the attachment area of implantretained overdentures (IODs) due stress concentration. This series of studies aimed to investigate the effect of polymer-preimpregnated fiber reinforcement on mechanical properties and denture base strains of IODs. In the four experimental studies, acrylic resin specimens and experimental models simulating IODs were fabricated. They were reinforced with glass fibers and connected to the implants with stud attachments. Study I evaluated the influence of the quantity and position of bidirectional woven glass fiber reinforcing layers on the load-bearing capacity of simulated locator-retained overdentures. Study II evaluated the effect of bidirectional glass fiber reinforcement’s positioning on the fatigue resistance of simulated single locator-retained overdentures. Study III compared the flexural strength and modulus between soft liner-retained and ball-and-socket– retained overdentures, as well as the effect of using unidirectional and bidirectional glass fiber reinforcements on the mechanical properties of soft liner-retained overdentures. Finally, study IV evaluated the effect of unidirectional glass fiber reinforcement on the mid-line denture base strains of overdentures retained with a single implant. Results were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey’s test using statistical software. The results showed a significant increase in the flexural strength and fatigue resistance of the overdenture specimens reinforced with 4 layers of bidirectional E-glass fiber weaves or one bundle of unidirectional E-glass fibers placed above the attachment housing. Also, the latter type of reinforcement significantly reduced the midline strains of the single implantsupported overdenture base by almost 50%. It can be concluded that a proper amount of polymer-preimpregnated glass fiber reinforcement (4 layers of bidirectional fiber weaves or one bundle of unidirectional fibers) placed above the attachment can significantly improve the mechanical properties of IODs and reduce the denture base strains.Kuitulujitteinen implanttikantoinen peittoproteesi: mekaaniset ominaisuudet ja pohjalevyn muodonmuutokset erilaisilla erikoiskiinnittimillä. Implanttikantoisen peittoproteesin pohjalevyn murtumat ovat yleisiä erikoiskiinnikkeen alueella, johon muodostuu purentakuormituksen aikana jännityskeskittymiä. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää muovilla esikyllästettyjen kuitulujitteiden vaikutusta peittoproteesin pohjalevyn ominaisuuksiin erityisesti erikoiskiinnittimen matriisin kohdalla. Kokeellisessa neljän osatyön kokonaisuudessa akryylista valmistetuilla koekappaleilla jäljiteltiin peittoproteesin rakennetta. Koekappaleet lujitettiin lasikuiduilla. Ensimmäisessä osatyössä käytettiin lujitteena lasikuitukangaskudosta, joka sijoitettiin eri tasoille koekappaleeseen erikoiskiinnikkeen matriisiosaan nähden. Kappaletta kuormitettiin staattisesti. Toisessa osatyössä kuormitus oli dynaaminen eli kuitulujitteiden vaikutus väsymiskestävyyteen oli tutkimuksen kohteena. Kolmannessa työssä jäljitettiin proteesityyppiä, jossa pohja on pehmeää elastomeeria, joka toimii samalla erikoiskiinnikkeen matriisina. Myös tämä simulaatiotilanne pyrki selvittämään laskikuitulujitteen vaikutusta murtuman etenemisen estämisessä dynaamisessa väsytystilanteessa. Neljännessä osatyössä koekappaleen muoto vastasi alaleuan kokoproteesin muotoa ja proteesi oli tuettu yhdellä implantilla ja erikoiskiinnikkeellä. Proteesin pohjalevyn taipumajännitykset mitattiin venymäliuskoilla. Osatöiden tulokset analysoitiin tilastollisesti varianssianalyysilla. Tulokset osoittivat tilastollisesti merkitsevää taivutuslujuuden ja väsymislujuuden lisääntymistä mikäli koekappale oli lujitettu neljällä kerroksella elasikuitukangaskudosta. Vastaava lujitemalli vähensi myös proteesin keskilinjassa olevaa vetojännitystä simuloidun purentakuormituksen aikana. Yhteenvetona voidaan todeta, että käyttämällä riittävää määrää akryylimuovilla esikyllästettyä lasikuitukangaskudosta implanttikantoisen peittoproteesin lujitteena saadaan materiaalin ja proteesin lujuutta lisättyä merkittävästi

Diminished Association between Parental Education and Parahippocampal Cortical Thickness in Pre-Adolescents in the US

Introduction: Socioeconomic status (SES) indicators, such as parental education and household income, are associated with the thickness of various cortical areas. However, less is known about the parahippocampal region. Additionally, more research is required regarding how the correlation between SES indicators and cortical thickness differs among diverse racial groups. Purpose: This study uses a national sample of pre-adolescents ages 9 to 10 years old in the US and was performed with two aims in mind. First, to investigate the correlations between two SES indicators, namely parental education and household income, and parahippocampal cortical thickness. Second, to explore racial differences in these associations. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study to analyze the Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI) data of 9,849 US pre-adolescents between the ages of 9 and 10 years old. The main outcomes were parahippocampal cortical thickness separately calculated for the right and the left hemispheres using sMRI. The independent variables were parental education and household income, which were both treated as nominal variables. Age, sex, ethnicity, and family structure were the covariates, and race was the moderator. Mixed-effects regression models were used for data analysis with and without interaction terms. Results: High income positively associated with right and left parahippocampal cortical thickness in the fully adjusted models. Race showed a statistically significant interaction with parental education on children’s parahippocampal cortical thickness, suggesting that the correlations between parental education with the right and left parahippocampal cortical thickness were significantly larger for White than Black and other/mixed race pre-adolescents. No interaction was found for household income and race. Conclusions: The association between parental education and pre-adolescents parahippocampal cortical thickness may be weaker in Black than in White American children. Consistent with the findings of Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs), parental education shows weaker links for some brain indicators, such as parahippocampal cortical thickness, in Black and other racial and minority children when compared to White children

Spectrophotometric Determination of Certain Antiepileptic's in Tablets Using Vanillin Reagent

A selective and new spectrophotometric method is described for determination of three antiepileptic drugs; namely lamotrigine (LAM), gabapentin (GAB), and oxcarbazepine (OXC) in drug substances and in drug products using vanillin reagent as the chromogenic agent. The method is based on a coupling reaction between the cited drugs and vanillin reagent in acidic condition. Under optimized conditions, the yellow colored products were measured at 405, 396, and 400 nm respectively. Beer’s law was obeyed at (0.4 – 10), (0.1-10), and (0.5-11) μg/mL, and  the calculated molar absorptivity values are 2.52 x 104, 1.74 x 104, and 2.54 x 104 L/mol/cm for LAM, GAB, and OXC respectively. Sandell sensitivity, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were calculated. No interference was observed from common additives found in drug products. The presented method was validated according to ICH guidelines. Statistical comparison of the results was performed using Student's t-test and F-ratio at 95% confidence level, and there was no significant difference between the reference and proposed method with regard to accuracy and precision. The method offers the advantages of rapidity, simplicity and sensitivity and low cost and can be easily applied to resource poor settings without the need for expensive instrumentation and reagents

The regulation of foreign investment in Kuwait: the role of law, politics and economic policy in the development process

The relationship between law, foreign direct investment (FDI) and development is a neglected area of investigation, and this study seeks to contribute to the understanding of that relationship through an analysis of the legal regulation of FDI in Kuwait. As well as offering a general theoretical appraisal of the role of FDI in development, it puts forward some practical proposals for legislative innovation and administrative reform in Kuwait with the intention of showing how greater encouragement can be given to the expansion of FDI with a view to promoting the country's future economic and social well-being. The approach in this thesis stresses the importance of considering the effectiveness of Kuwait's FDI regulations against the background of the country's historical evolution and in relation to the distinctive patterns of political economy which have emerged in Kuwait's twentieth-century transformation from a traditional to a more modern society with an impressive level of welfare provision. In this respect, considerable attention is given to the significance of the various oil concession agreements between Kuwait and foreign investors for the exploration and marketing of oil. It is these agreements which have led directly to the growth and development of the country's current FDI regulations, and which have gradually enabled Kuwait to determine its own foreign investment policies as British influence has declined and national independence has been gained. Criticisms are offered, however, of the failure of Kuwait to pay sufficient attention to the role of FDI in the non-oil sectors of the economy. The close examination of the law and administrative practice of FDI in Kuwait reveals a range of failings and inadequacies which have tended to have a negative effect on the attraction of FDI. This particular area of policy in Kuwait has developed in a somewhat piecemeal fashion without sufficient coherence and co-ordination

New Approaches for Competing Microbial Resistance and Virulence

The spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens together with the development of fatal cases of infectious microorganisms is on the rise. Therefore, there must be new approaches for combating pathogenic microorganisms, either by overcoming antibiotic resistance or via inhibiting their virulence factors. Several virulence factors extremely increase the antimicrobial resistance of various species of pathogens; as a result, the screening of antivirulence agents has gained more and more attention recently. In this aspect, non-traditional strategies that are considered promising in overcoming virulence and pathogenicity of microorganisms will be discussed including; quorum sensing inhibition, antibiofilm, control of the global regulators, bacteriocins and bacteriophages. Applying these methods could provide innovative approaches for competing microbial resistance and virulence

Implementing smoke test technique on online application

Software testing primarily has two purposes (1) evaluate an attribute or capability of a program, (2) ensure the program delivers expected outcomes. There are many approaches of software testing but complex product testing cannot be done through routine procedures, instead, it involves a process of investigation. The primary concern of software testing revolves around the selection of testing strategy to meet the specific testing requirements. Therefore, it can be commented that selection of the right strategy in right time can make the software testing efficient and effective. Software testing is a set of activities that intent to find errors in software. This attempts to detect the bugs that create software malfunctions and verifies and validates the functionality of the software. In this project, software testing by implementing smoke test technique on Online Application will help the company to test their product see whether this module will meet the customer requirements and also decrease the determines of producing faulty software. This is used to detect defects early in the software development lifecycle and give idea whether this module is ready or not to save the time and effort to start the further formal testing. Smoke test is probably the most important test, it gives the confidence that the application actually runs. If it does not run, smoke test should be able to give us some basic diagnostics as to whether this application is down because something it depends on is not working. With this process we can have preliminary testing on the product and able to gage the risk and the status from it. Testing process in this project involves: study and analysis requirements, design test cases, document them in detailed, writing test procedures in formal document, execute test cases, automated all written test cases by using selenium tool, and report all detected defects among test execution process. All detected defects were reported

The effect of intensive auditory training on auditory skills and on speech intelligibility of prelingual cochlear implanted adolescents and adults

AbstractThe aim of the studyTo study the effect of intensive auditory training using the modified version of the Arabic rehabilitation program for adults on both the auditory skills and the degree of speech intelligibility.Materials and methodsThe study was conducted on 30 patients who were divided into two groups according to intensiveness of the auditory training. Each group included 15 patients (10 males and 5 females). Both groups received the usual therapy program provided for cochlear implanted patients. Group (I) received an additional therapy other than the usual form. Minimal Auditory Capabilities Test (MAC Test) was used to assess auditory perception abilities and Speech Intelligibility Rating Scale (SIR) was used to assess speech production skills before implantation and at 3, 6, 12, 18months post-operatively.ResultsA significant difference was found when comparing the two groups in spondee discrimination during the post-operative assessment periods, of 3, 6, 12, and 18months with P value <0.05.A highly significant difference was found for spondee recognition, sentence identification and high context sentence recognition at the 18month assessment with P value <0.01. A significant mean difference with P value <0.05 for speech intelligibility scores at 18months post implantation was found between the two groups.ConclusionThe effectiveness of the modified form of the Arabic Adult rehabilitation was revealed in this study. Using more intensive auditory rehabilitation may result in a better improvement in auditory abilities and speech intelligibility of the prelingually deafened adult cochlear implanted population