Prevalence of human metapnemovirus in children with acute respiratory tract infection Shiraz, Iran during 2014-2015

Background: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a newly discovered viral agent of respiratory infections. In present study we determined prevalence of HMPV in children less than10 years with acute respiratory infections (ARTI) that referred to the health centers of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.Methods: Nasal swabs were obtained from 180 children less than 10 years old with respiratory tract symptoms during fall, winter and spring seasons of 2014 and 2015. The specimens were tested for HMPV F gene using one step RT-PCR.Results: HMPV was detected in 30 (16.66%) of 180 children with (ARTI) less than 10 years old. Approximately 63.33% of HMPV positive patients aged less than 3 years and 86.33% were younger than 5 years old. The clinical symptoms were bronchiolitis, wheezing and cough.Conclusions: The frequency distribution of HMPV revealed that most patients aged between 1 to 5 years and this virus is one of the respiratory viral agents to causes ATRI, especially children less than 5 years old

Failure Procedure in Adhesive Composite Joints under Different Types of Loading

In this paper, we have used numerical simulation to study failure of adhesive joints in composite plates. To determine the failure load, adhesive joints are subjected to different types of loading and gradual failure of the joint is studied using the finite element method. The composite material failure theory is implemented into the FEM software. Also different geometries for the joint edge are considered and effect of these geometries and fillet chamfer angle on the failure load are investigated

Global Buckling Investigation in Welding of a Thin Wall Aluminum T Joint

In this paper global welding buckling distortion of a thin wall aluminum T joint is investigated. A thermo-elastoplastic model is employed to determine longitudinal residual stresses; analysis of thermal model and elastic-viscoplastic (Anand) model are decoupled. Molten puddle motion (speed of welding) is modeled by using birth and death element method and time dependent model. Three dimensional nonlinear-transient heat flow analysis has been used to obtain temperature distribution, and then by applying thermal results and using three dimensional Anand elastic-viscoplastic model, stress and deformation distributions are obtained. By applying residual stresses on a structural model and using eigenvalue methods, global buckling instability of the welded structure is determined

Prediction of Welding Buckling Distortion in a Thin Wall Aluminum T Joint

In this paper, local and global welding buckling distortion of a thin wall aluminum T joint is investigated. A thermo-elastic-viscoplastic model is employed to determine longitudinal residual stresses; analysis of thermal model and elastic-viscoplastic (Anand) model are uncoupled. Molten puddle motion (speed of welding) is modeled by using time dependent birth and death element method. Three dimensional nonlinear-transient heat flow analysis has been used to obtain the temperature distribution, and then by applying thermal results and using three dimensional Anand elastic-viscoplastic model, stress and deformation distributions are obtained during welding and after cooling. Local buckling is investigated by analyzing the history of stress and strain relations. Local buckling is assumed to occur at a point if a small change in the magnitude of stress causes large deformation during of the welding process. By applying residual stresses on a structural model and using eigenvalue methods, global buckling instability of the welded structure is determined

Evaluation of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells in cervical sample as a diagnostic technique for detection of subclinical endometritis in dairy cattle

Objective: This study evaluated the cervical sampling as an easy and safe method for the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in dairy cattle. Methods: One hundred ninety seven lactating Holstein cows were examined at 26–32 d in milk (DIM) for diagnosis of endometritis. Differential cellular counts were also made from stained smears of the cervical mucosa. Using the Receiver/Response Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve, presence of >17.5% polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells was calculated for detection of subclinical endometritis with sensitivity and specificity of 56.5% and 83.3% respectively. Results: Cows with subclinical endometritis had significantly more open days and all service conception rate than normal cows. The results of survival analysis showed that normal cows became pregnant at a significantly faster rate than cows with subclinical endometritis. Conclusions: The results of the present study introduced the cervical smear sampling as an easy and suitable method for diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in dairy cattle

Assessment of Relationship Between IGF-I Concentration Before Parturition and Postpartum Endometritis and Ovarian Cysts in Dairy Cattle

This study was carried out to assess the IGF-I, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and glucose concentrations during the peripartum period of dairy cows in normal condition, and cows with endometritis puerperalis and cystic ovarian disease. The study was conducted on 87 lactating Holstein cows (parity: 1-7) in the 9th month of pregnancy in Shiraz, Iran. Blood samples were collected every 2 weeks from 2 weeks before until 6 weeks after calving. Two, four and six weeks after calving, palpation of the reproductive tract was performed. Cows were first inspected for the presence of fresh abnormal discharge on the vulva, perineum, or tail then those were examined intra-vaginally. Following inspection, ultrasonographic assessment of uterus and ovaries was also performed and ovarian structures (palpable follicle, CL and cyst) were scanned. Prepartum IGF-I concentration was significantly lower in cows that developed cystic ovaries than non-cystic (35.89±9.09 versus 41.99±3.65 μg/L) and cows with clinical endometritis early postpartum than normal cows (36.65±5.38 versus 43.64±4.32 μg/L). Calving-first service interval and ovarian cycle resumption after calving was significantly shorter for cows without clinical endometritis than cows with clinical endometritis. In conclusion, prepartum IGF-I concentration was the main factor associated with occurrence of endometritis and cystic ovarian disease after calving and it was a notable feature of the current study

Investigation of Global Buckling Distortion in Welding of a Thin Wall Aluminum T Joint

In this paper global welding buckling distortion of a thin wall aluminum T joint is investigated. A thermo-elastoplastic model is employed to determine longitudinal residual stresses; analysis of thermal model and elastic-viscoplastic (Anand) model are decoupled. Molten puddle motion (speed of welding) is modeled by using birth and death element method and time dependent model. Three dimensional nonlinear-transient heat flow analysis has been used to obtain temperature distribution, and then by applying thermal results and using three dimensional Anand elastic-viscoplastic model, stress and deformation distributions are obtained. By applying residual stresses on a structural model and using eigenvalue methods, global buckling instability of the welded structure is determined. Some experiments are done for validating the numerical results

Evaluation of Medical Clerkship Training in Pediatric Department of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Based on Students\' Logbooks

Introduction: Using logbooks in different sections of medical education has been helpful in investigating the educational status of medical students. In order to identify the educational status of clerkship students in pediatric ward, this study was designed to determine the condition of education as well as practical works of clerkship students based on their logbooks in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, medical students’ logbooks of a three month pediatric clerkship filled by 45 students in 2005, were studied and statistically analyzed. Clerkship students in pediatric ward received a handbook containing a list of diseases and procedures, and reported them based on their exposure as observation in morning classes or having a role in the treatment of the disease. The Mean of the frequency of observations in each part was analyzed by SPSS software. Results: In pediatric ambulatory clinic, neonates emergency, pediatric emergency and pediatric general ward, 60.73% of the diseases mentioned in the list, were observed by students. In subspecialty wards, 18.16% of diseases were observed by students. Almost 59% of all procedures had been performed by each student. Conclusion: logbooks are suitable means for evaluation of educational status and are able to determine the acquired experiences in educational courses and reveal the deficiencies in learning process. In this study there was a major difference between students’ familiarity with educational subheadings in specialty and subspecialty wards which is necessary to consider. Applying this method in evaluation of medical students’ educational status is recommended

The Effect of Self-assessment on Health Care Personnel’s Knowledge

Background: Providing sustainable training for personnel and promoting their knowledge would have undeniable effects on health services delivered by them and would improve community healthcare systems. We aimed to determine the effect of an assessment method on increasing the knowledge of health center personnel who provided health services compared with common methods. Methods: In a semi-experimental study, 12 cities and 5 towns in Fars province were entered in our study as the control and case groups, respectively. The subjects were experts and staff with associate degrees from urban and rural health centers, delivery facilities, and pregnancy care providers. 473 and 660 people participated in pre-test and post- test, respectively. Results: Most of the participants in this study (65%) were long-term contractor employees with associate degrees and 55.8% had received their degree from government universities. The mean±SD scores before and after implementing the program were 32.7±5.2 and 37±4.7, respectively. The highest score was reported to be 39.4±4 in groups with a bachelor’s degree. Conclusion: self-assessment training has a significant effect on the promotion of knowledge among health center personnel compared with common training methods