Study on probiotic potential of Bacillus species isolated from the intestine of farmed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

The gastrointestinal tract of fishes is a complex ecosystem occupied by a large number of microorganisms, some of them could have potentially-valuable features. This research was conducted to study Bacillus species in the intestine of farmed rainbow trout to examine their probiotic properties, and to provide a new source of probiotics. A total of 23 farmed rainbow trout were sampled and their intestine samples were cultured. Following the morphological assay and biochemical analysis, isolated Bacilli were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and universal primers 27f and 1492r. Bacillus subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens were isolated from 5 and 3 samples, respectively. Bacillus tequilensis, B. cereus and B. licheniformis were isolated from 1 sample. Probiotic properties of B. subtilis strain MSM 24, B. amyloliquefaciens strain TMM 25 and B. licheniformis strain MR 78 were confirmed. Since probiotic bacteria cause no foodborne diseases, their existence in farmed trout intestines, and their penetration into the fish tissues do not pose any risk to consumers' health

Effectiveness of the lifestyle modifications in prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs): Focus on Islamic lifestyle

The advancement of human researches and scientific activities in the field of diseases prevention and treatment, has not diminished the importance of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Despite the continuous efforts for prevention and control of them, many peoples suffers from STD with very considered wasted expenses for anybody and for community [1,2]

Functional and chemical properties of Phoenix dactylifera l. Polysaccharides and the effect of date flesh and seed intervention on some blood biomarkers: A contrastive analysis

The chemical structure and bioactivity of ultrasonic-assisted alkaline extracted polysaccharides of date seed (DSP) and date flesh (DFP) were investigated. In addition, a crossover clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of 28 days of date seed powder and date flesh consumption on blood biomarkers. Xylose (72.2 %) and galactose (41.6 %) were the most abundant monosaccharides in DSP and DFP, also DFP had a higher uronic acid content (12.16 ± 2.13 g/100 g) compared to DSP (5.57 ± 1.2 g/100 g). DSP had higher proliferation and antibacterial effects compared to DFP and inulin. Bifidobacterium animalis produced a higher short-chain fatty acid concentration during fermentation of DSP (66.98 ± 4.33 mM) and DFP (58.58 ± 5.57 mM) than inulin (19.68 ± 3.73 mM). Date seed powder could significantly reduce C-reactive proteins and triglycerides and increase red blood cell count (p < 0.05). DSP showed considerable prebiotic capability, antibacterial activity, and health-promoting effect; therefore, it could be considered for further investigation as nutraceuticals

Comparison of methods for controlling dental caries in the classical medicine and alternative medical practices and future prospects

Dental caries is a multi-factorial disease and the most common human infection that annually are spent millions dollars to control and treat it. Several methods have been proposed so far to control it. The most important control methods it is now include : dental hygiene, proper nutrition , fluoride therapy , the use of non- cariogenic sweeteners . Also, the use of probiotics , nanomaterials , bacteriophages , antimicrobial peptides and anti- caries vaccines can be considered as new perspective of human in the dental caries control field. In addition, the use of complementary and alternative therapies , especially herbal drug therapy recently has been considered . Demonstrating the efficacy of complementary medicine against dental caries and its use in combination with conventional medicine or trial of new methods for decline of dental caries in the future would be hopeful

Production of Brucella melitensis Omp16 protein fused to the human interleukin 2 in Lactococcus lactis MG1363 toward developing a Lactococcus-based vaccine against brucellosis

The use of the food-grade bacterium Lactococcus lactis as a new cell factory is a promising alternative expression system for producing a desired protein. The Omp16-IL2 fusion protein antigen was cloned, expressed, and purified in this study. The Omp16-IL2 fusion gene was designed and cloned in pGH plasmid with appropriate restriction sites and subcloned in pAMJ2008 expression vector digested with the same enzymes. The purified recombinant constructed pAMJ-rOmp-IL2 was introduced into L. lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363 by electrotransformation. Finally, the expression and purification of Omp16-IL2 fusion protein was investigated. This study reports the construction of a recombinant L. lactis expressing the Omp16-IL2 fusion protein as an oral Lactococcus-based vaccine, as compared with commonly used live attenuated vaccines, for future studies against brucellosis.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

T cell polarizing properties of probiotic bacteria

Different commensal bacteria employed as probiotics have been shown to be endowed with immunomodulatory properties and to actively interact with antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells and macrophages. In particular, different strains of probiotic bacteria may induce the secretion of a discrete cytokine profile able to induce divergent T cell polarization. Here, we briefly review current knowledge regarding the effects of different species and strains of probiotic bacteria on T cell polarization. Given that the loss of intestinal homeostasis is frequently associated with an aberrant T cell polarization profile, a comprehensive knowledge of the immunomodulatory potential of these bacteria is crucial for their employment in the management of human immune-mediated pathologies, such as allergies or inflammatory bowel diseases

Evaluation of hyperimmune colostrum production in bovine against cariogenic streptococci and its impact on growth and bacterial biofilm formation

Background and Aims: Dental caries is the most common infectious diseases. Among the oral bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are considered as the main causes of tooth decay. The aim of this study was to evaluate the production of hyperimmune bovine colostrum containing specific antibodies against cariogenic bacteria and its antimicrobial effects on the growth and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in the laboratory. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, three pregnant bovine immunized with killed antigens of strains of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mutans with Streptococcus Sobrinus and Streptococcus sobrinus through intramuscular injections. After delivery, The colostrum samples were collected, and the changes of anti-streptococci antibodies titers in colostrum and serum were determined by agglutination. Also,their antimicrobial effects against the growth and adhesion of oral streptococci were surveyed by the microtiter plate method. Data were analysed by One-Wey ANOVA in SPSS software. Results: The results showed that in hyperimmunized bovine , the antibodies titers against injected bacteria were from 1.1000 to 1.3000 in sera samples and from 1.320 to 1.1280 in whey of colostrum samples. Colostrum of hyperimmune cows reduced the attachment of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus Sobrinus about 69 and 43 percents, respectively and also, the low dilutions of it reduced bacterial growth. Conclusion:&nbsp; According to the antibacterial effect immune colostrum on two strains of cariogenic bacteria in vitro, It appears that this material could be useful in the prevention and control of dental caries