Marketing System of Shrimp in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh

A study was undertaken to examine the marketing system value chin analysis of shrimp in selected areas of Khulna district of Bangladesh during the month of March-April 2012. The objectives of the study were to estimate costs and margins, seasonal price variation and to test market integration of shrimp. Primary were used for this study. The higher marketing cost was incurred by aratdars and the lowest by retailer. On the other hand, retailers earned the highest net marketing margins.T he findings of the study revealed that the marketing of shrimp was a profitable business and some recommendations were provided for the improvement of shrimp marketing in the country. Keywords: Engle Granger co-integration, Market integration, marketing system, price behavio

Analysis of Marketing Efficiency, Value Addition and Spatial Co-Integration of Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Fish in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh

A study was undertaken to examine the value chain, value addition, marketing cost & margin, marketing efficiency and market integration of tilapia fish in selected areas of Bangladesh during the month of June-July 2013. The objectives of the study were to estimate costs and margins and to test market integration of tilapia fish. Primary and secondary data were used for this study. The higher marketing cost was incurred by paiker and the lowest by retailer. On the other hand, retailers earned the highest net marketing margins. Chain II was found the most efficient chain. Analysis of market integration shows that tilapia fish market in Bangladesh was well integrated. The findings of the study revealed that the marketing of tilapia was a profitable business and some recommendations were provided for the improvement of tilapia marketing in the country. Keywords: Value addition, marketing cost & margin, marketing efficiency and spatial co-integratio

A comparison of traditional diarrhoea measurement methods with microbiological and biochemical indicators : a cross-sectional observational study in the Cox's Bazar displaced persons camp

Background Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) systems aim to reduce the spread of enteric pathogens, particularly amongst children under five years old. The most common primary outcome of WASH trials is carer-reported diarrhoea. We evaluate different diarrhoea survey instruments as proxy markers of enteric pathogen presence in stool. Methods We recruited 800 community-based participants from the Cox's Bazar Displaced Person's Camp in Bangladesh, split evenly between the rainy (July/August 2020) and dry (November/December 2020) periods. Participants were randomized evenly into either a standard survey asking carers if their child under five years old has had diarrhoea in the past fortnight, or a pictorial survey asking carers to pick from a pictorial chart which stools their child under five years old has had in the past fortnight. We collected stools from a random sub-sample of 120. Stools were examined visually, and tested for proteins associated with enteric infection and 16 enteric pathogens. We calculated sensitivities and specificities for each survey type, visual examination, and proteins with respect to enteric pathogen presence. Findings The sensitivity of the standard survey for enteric pathogen presence was 0.49[95%CI:0.32,0.66] and the specificity was 0.65[0.41,0.85]. Similar sensitivities and specificities were observed for pictorial survey, visual inspection, and proteins. Interpretation While diarrhoea is an important sign in clinical practice it appears that it is a poor proxy for enteric pathogen presence in stool in epidemiological surveys. When enteric infection is of interest, this should be measured directly

Plasma D-Dimer Level in Different Types of Acute Ischaemic Stroke Patients: Experience at a Tertiary Hospital in Dhaka City

Background: Plasma D-Dimer is a biomarker of thrombo-embolism.&#x0D; Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the plasma D-dimer level in different types of acute ischaemic stroke patients.&#x0D; Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurology &amp; Department of Internal Medicine at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2010 to June 2012 for a period of two (02) years. Patients with ischemic stroke with history within 7 days attending in the stroke clinic of Department of Neurology or admitted in the Department of Neurology and Internal Medicine through the outpatient and emergency Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) were selected as study population for this study. Analysis of plasma D-Dimer was done in the Department of Hematology of DMCH.b&#x0D; Result: A total of 50 cases were recruited for this study. There were 24.0% lacunar infarcts, 40.0% atherothrombotic and 36.0% embolic infarcts in the study group. Highest level of plasma D-Dimer was observed in embolic (1700±964 ηg/ml) followed by atherothrombotic group (536±234 ηg/ml). The plasma D-Dimer was lowest (100±0 ηg/ml) in lacunar group. Concentration of Plasma D-Dimer showed significant correlation with clinical diagnosis in different subtypes of ischemic stroke (r=0.902; p=0.001) and also with risk factors, example, diabetes (r=0.319; p=0.012) and valvular heart disease (r=0.281; p=0.024), but no significant correlation with age, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and smoking.&#x0D; Conclusion: In conclusion plasma D-Dimer is an important bio-marker in the clinical diagnosis and subtypes of ischemic stroke patients.&#x0D; Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(1): 13-17</jats:p

Neurological Manifestations of COVID-19 patients: An Updated Review and Observations of COVID Patients in the National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Involvement of the nervous system after viral infection is common. Certain viruses show neurotropism. Recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV 2 (SARSCov- 2) virus has also exhibited neurotropic properties with various neurological manifestations. The pathophysiology of their neurotropism is not yet clearly known. The details of pathophysiology, clinical manifestation and management are expected to be explored in the near future. Here we review the Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and the early experience in the National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital.&#x0D; J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(0): 122-132</jats:p

Series of Cases with Iatrogenic Nerve Injury

After introduction of EMG at Dhaka Medical Collage onJanuary 01, 2006, a total of 415 cases referred to EMGlaboratory for electrophysiological evaluation over a periodof two years(January 01, 2006 to December 31, 2007). Among these, 7cases diagnosed as iatrogenic nerve injuries. The subtypesof iatrogenic nerve injuries were:1. Accessory nerve injury: three, 2. Femoral nerve injury:one, 3. Sciatic nerve injury: one,4. Lumbar sacral plexus injury: one, 5. Combined sciaticand femoral nerve injury: oneIn order to investigate the causes, diagnosis &amp; preventionof iatrogenic nerve injuries; we have reviewed 7 cases ofiatrogenic nerve injuries. The peripheral nerve injuriesoccurred due to lack of proper awareness of medicalpersonals. These injuries are iatrogenic injuries so it isuseful to review the mode of injuries and means ofprevention.DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v28i2.5373J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2010; 28: 121-124</jats:p

Bis{4-[(2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-3-nitrobenzylidene)amino]phenyl} ether

The molecule of the title compound, C28H22N4O9, exhibits crystallographically imposed twofold rotational symmetry, with a dihedral angle of 66.0 (2)° between the planes of the two central benzene rings bounded to the central oxygen atom. The dihedral angle between the planes of the central benzene ring and the terminal phenol ring is 4.9 (2)°. Each half of the molecule exhibits an imine E configuration. An intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond is present. In the crystal, the molecules are linked into layers parallel to the ab plane via C—H...O hydrogen bonds. The crystal studied was refined as a two-component pseudomerohedral twin.</jats:p