Quality Distance Education for Early Childhood During the Corona Pandemic: The Perceptions of Female Teachers

The corona (Covid-19) pandemic caused the closure of kindergarten institutions and schools around the world which forced higher authorities to shift focus towards online distance education. The impact of the pandemic was so severe that it affected almost a quarter of the people lives, public health and above all the education sectors. The present study was designed according to the Servqual Model using sample perceptions of early childhood parameters in Saudi Arabia and Jordan utilizing online questionnaires to collect the responses from 157 teachers.  The quality of the online education services provided for primary school children due to Covid-19 suffered greatly as the teachers were not accustomed to the technology of distance learning. The present study recommends the need to explore the research of the high level for primary school children’s study tool where teachers and parents will be able to deal with online platforms effectively. During the present unavoidable crisis, the article presents an easier and equitable platform for every child in the family

Effect of MWCNT Surface Functionalisation and Distribution on Compressive Properties of Kenaf and Hybrid Kenaf/Glass Fibres Reinforced Polymer Composites

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of surface treated multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on compressive properties of the unidirectional (UD) kenaf and hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fibre reinforced polymer composites. The MWCNTs were first treated using concentrated acid (a mix of H2SO4 and HNO3) and silane (three-aminoprophyltriethoxysilane) in order to improve the dispersion within the epoxy matrix using a high shear roll milling technique. In this study, nanomodified epoxies were prepared using 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 wt % of pristine MWCNT (PCNT), acid treated MWCNT (ACNT) and silane treated MWCNT (SCNT). These nanomodified epoxies were then used for the fabrication of kenaf and hybrid composites using combination of filament winding and resin impregnation. The uniaxial compression test was conducted using a universal testing machine according to the ASTM D3410 standard. The morphology of fractured samples was observed and analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to evaluate the failure behaviour and mechanisms involved during compression. It was found that the addition of treated MWCNT (ACNT and SCNT) improved the compressive properties of kenaf and hybrid composites as compared to those of untreated-MWCNT (PCNT). The addition of 1.0 wt % of SCNT exhibited good compressive properties in both kenaf and hybrid composite systems. The compressive modulus and strength increased by 73.25% and 20.15%, respectively, for composites made of 1.0 wt % SCNT and Kenaf (1.0SCNT/K). For the hybrid composites, the compressive modulus and strength increased by 21.18% and 7.73% for composites made of 1.0 wt % SCNT filled G/K composites (1.0SCNT/G/K)

Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Graphene Nanoplatelet-Nanosilica Filled Unidirectional Basalt Fibre Composites

Basalt fibre (BF) is one of the most promising reinforcing natural materials for polymer composites that could replace the usage of glass fibre due to its comparable properties. The aim of adding nanofiller in polymer composites is to enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. In theory, the incorporation of high strength and stiffness nanofiller, namely graphene nanoplatelet (GNP), could create superior composite properties. However, the main challenges of incorporating this nanofiller are its poor dispersion state and aggregation in epoxy due to its high surface area and strong Van der Waals forces in between graphene sheets. In this study, we used one of the effective methods of functionalization to improve graphene’s dispersion and also introducing nanosilica filler to enhance platelets shear mechanism. The high dispersive silica nanospheres were introduced in the tactoids morphology of stacked graphene nanosheets in order to produce high shear forces during milling and exfoliate the GNP. The hybrid nanofiller modified epoxy polymers were impregnated into BF to evaluate the mechanical properties of the basalt fibre reinforced polymeric (BFRP) system under tensile, compression, flexural, and drop-weight impact tests. In response to the synergistic effect of zero-dimensional nanosilica and two-dimensional graphene nanoplatelets enhanced the mechanical properties of BFRP, especially in Basalt fibre + 0.2 wt% GNP/15 wt% NS (BF-H0.2) with the highest increment in modulus and strength to compare with unmodified BF. These findings also revealed that the incorporation of hybrid nanofiller contributed to the improvement in the mechanical properties of the composite. BF has huge potential as an alternative to the synthetic glass fibre for the fabrication of mechanical components and structures

A systematic review of nurse‐led weaning protocol for mechanically ventilated adult patients

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the current best evidence for the effectiveness of weaning protocols led by nurses compared with usual physician-led care. Background: Protocol-directed weaning has been shown to reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation. Studies have reported that a weaning protocol administered by nurses leads to a reduction in the duration of mechanical ventilation and has a major effect on weaning outcomes. This can have especially positive consequences for critically ill patients. Study design: Systematic review with meta-analysis. Search strategy: The databases CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from as far back as the database allowed until January 2016. Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Searches were performed to identify the best available evidence including quantitative studies of nurse-led weaning protocols formechanically ventilated adult patients. We excluded all studies of weaning protocols implemented by non-nurses and non-invasive mechanical ventilation and studies that addressed patient populations younger than 18 years of age. Results: The database searches resulted in retrieving 369 articles. Three eligible studies with a total of 532 patients were included in the final review. Pooled data showed a statistically significant difference in favour of the nurse-led weaning protocol for reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation (mean differences=−1.69 days, 95% confidence interval =−3.23 to 0.16), intensive care unit length of stay (mean differences=−2.04 days, 95% confidence interval=−2.57 to −1.52, I2 =18%, and p=0.00001); and hospital length of stay (mean differences=−2.9 days, 95% confidence interval=−4.24 to −1.56, I2 =0%, and p=0.00001). Conclusion: There is evidence that the use of nurse-led weaning protocols for mechanically ventilated adult patients has a positive impact on weaning outcomes and patient safety. Relevance to clinical practice: This review provides evidence supporting intensive care unit nurses’ crucial role and abilities to lead weaning from mechanical ventilation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Abrasive Wear Behavior of CNT-Filled Unidirectional Kenaf–Epoxy Composites

Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus) fibers have received significant attention for replacing the usage of synthetic fibers, especially glass fiber, in the fabrication of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. The aim of this research was to study the change in wear behavior of kenaf-epoxy fiber composites by filling them with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). In particular, the effect of untreated MWCNT (PMWCNT), acid-treated MWCNT (AMWCNT), and silane-treated MWCNT (SMWCNT) was studied, using three different MWCNT loadings, i.e., 0.5, 0.75, and 1 wt.%. The abrasive wear test was conducted to measure the wear properties of the composites. A thermal infrared camera was also used to measure the punctual contact temperature during the abrasive wear test, while the abraded surfaces were analyzed using the stereomicroscope. Starting from the considerable reduction of wear rate with the introduction of kenaf fibers, it was observed that PMWCNT provided some further, yet modest, reduction of wear rate only at the higher loadings. In contrast, the inclusion of AMWCNT proved to increase the specific wear rate of the epoxy-kenaf composites, an effect worsened at higher loadings. This may be due to the weakened interfacial bonding between the AMWCNT and epoxy. On the other hand, the presence of SMWCNT improved the interfacial bonding between CNT and epoxy, as shown by an increase in contact temperature. However, the increase in bonding strength was stipulated to have caused the rougher worn debris, thus inducing a three-body abrasive wear effect

Tensile and Flexural Properties of Silica Nanoparticles Modified Unidirectional Kenaf and Hybrid Glass/Kenaf Epoxy Composites

This paper investigates the influence of silica nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of a unidirectional (UD) kenaf fiber reinforced polymer (KFRP) and hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer (GKFRP) composites. In this study, three different nanosilica loadings, i.e., 5, 13 and 25 wt %, and untreated kenaf fiber yarns were used. The untreated long kenaf fiber yarn was wound onto metal frames to produce UD kenaf dry mat layers. The silane-surface-treated nanosilica was initially dispersed into epoxy resin using a high-vacuum mechanical stirrer before being incorporated into the UD untreated kenaf and hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber layers. Eight different composite systems were made, namely KFRP, 5 wt % nanosilica in UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (5NS-KFRP), 13% nanosilica in UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (13NS-KFRP), 25 wt % nanosilica in UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (25NS-KFRP), GKFRP, 5 wt % nanosilica in hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (5NS-GKFRP), 13 wt % nanosilica in hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (13NS-GKFRP) and 25 wt % nanosilica in hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (25NS-GKFRP). All composite systems were tested in tension and bending in accordance with ASTM standards D3039 and D7264, respectively. Based on the results, it was found that the incorporation of homogeneously dispersed nanosilica significantly improved the tensile and flexural properties of KFRP and hybrid GKFRP composites even at the highest loading of 25 wt % nanosilica. Based on the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of the fractured surfaces, it is suggested that the silane-treated nanosilica exhibits good interactions with epoxy and the kenaf and glass fibers. Therefore, the presence of nanosilica in an epoxy polymer contributes to a stiffer matrix that, effectively, enhances the capability of transferring a load to the fibers. Thus, this supports greater loads and improves the mechanical properties of the kenaf and hybrid composites

Mechanical performance of granite fine fly dust-filled basalt/glass polyurethane polymer hybrid composites

The granite processing industry generates large amounts of bottom granite dust waste every day. After the drying and heating process of concrete mixture production, the granite dust is blown and collected in the filtering nozzle. This very fine particle granite dry fly dust, with a particle size maximum distribution of 500 μm, can easily be blown away by wind and cause serious environmental impacts. The use of this waste material would be an effective way to reduce such impacts. Therefore, this paper presents an experimental study on the potential of granite dust as a filler in enhancing the mechanical performance of a hybrid basalt/glass (WB/GCSM) composite. The unhole and open hole tensile (UHT and OHT) properties, low velocity impact (LVI) properties, quasi-static indentations (QSI) properties, flexural properties, interlaminar shear stress (ILSS) properties, and morphology of the developed WB/GCSM composites were evaluated. To meet the objective of this study, composite specimens were produced using 1.5–60 μm granite fly dust at three (3) different loadings (1, 3 and 5 wt%). This granite fly dust was incorporated into polyurethane resin using a mechanical stirring technique. The production of FRP laminates then completed using a hand lay-up and vacuum bagging technique. Four types of the WB/GCSM composites systems, i.e., [WB/GCSM], [WB/GCSM/1GD], [WB/GCSM/3GD] and [WB/GCSM/5GD] were fabricated and compared. The analysis results for the mechanical tests revealed that the incorporation of granite dust of up to 3 wt% had increased the UHT, OHT, LVI, QSI, flexural and ILSS properties of all WB/GCSM composites systems. Higher levels of damage tolerance in UHT and OHT tests, and increased ductility index in the LVI test were obtained when granite dust was added up to 5 wt%. However, a remarkable improvement in all mechanical properties was noticed for [WB/GCSM/1GD], which recorded the highest mechanical performance among all WB/GCSM composite systems

RUMAH MODERASI BERAGAMA SEBAGAI IMPLEMENTASI ISLAM WASHATIYAH DI ERA SOCIETY 5.0 (ANALISIS Q.S.AL BAQARAH/2: 143)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep Islam wasathiyyah prespektif Q.S Al-Baqarah/2:143, karakteristik Islam wasathiyyah, untuk mengetahui rumah moderasi beragama di era society 5.0. Metode yang digunakan adalah libray research. Hasil penelitian, bahwa wasatiyah adalah umat pertengahan. Sifat pertengahan tersebut membuat pelakunya seimbang, tidak memihak ke kanan (kaum yang cenderung mementingkan kepentingan dunia) dan ke kiri (kaum yang mementingkan kepentingan akhirat). Untuk mensyiarkan konsep di atas sangat efektif dengan rumah moderasi beragama dalam lingkup digital. Tahapannya yaitu: persiapan, dengan perekrutan para cendikiawan muslim, pembuatan library digital moderasi beragama, perekrutan da’i atau ustadz untuk mensyi’ar kan dakwah rumah moderasi beragama sebagai implementasi Islam, perekrutan tim publikasi dan duta moderasi beragama. Pelaksanaan yaitu internalisasi kepada peserta didik dan kaum milineal. Kaum milineal diharapkan mampu mempengaruhi masyarakat untuk mencontoh konsep Islam wasathiyah dalam hal menegakkan moderasi beragama.

Effects of Accelerated Weathering on Degradation Behavior of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites

This work aims to give insight on the effect of accelerated weathering, i.e., the combination of ultraviolet (UV) exposure and water spraying, on the visual and mechanical properties of basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) composites. The solvent exchange method, sonication and high shear milling technique were used to prepare the nanocomposite laminates. Three types of laminates were fabricated, i.e., unmodified BFRP, nanosilica modified BFRP and graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) modified BFRP composites with the total fiber loading of 45 wt.%. Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminate was also prepared for performance comparison purposes between the natural and synthetic fibers. The laminates were exposed to UV with a total weathering condition of 504 h using a Quantum-UV accelerated weathering tester. The weathering condition cycle was set at 8 h 60 °C UV exposure and 4 h 50 °C condensation. The discoloration visual inspection on the tested specimen was observed under the optical microscope. The obtained results showed that the UV exposure and water absorption caused severe discoloration of the laminates due to photo-oxidation reaction. The effect of weathering conditions on tensile and flexural properties of unmodified BFRP composites indicated that the UV exposure and water absorption caused reduction by 12% in tensile strength and by 7% in flexural strength. It is also found that the reduction in tensile and flexural properties of nanomodified BFRP composites was smaller than the unmodified system. It concluded from this work, that the mineral based composites (i.e., BFRP) has high potential for structural applications owing to its better properties than synthetic based composites (i.e., GFRP)