Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials and video head impulse test in cochlear otosclerosis

Abstract Background Otosclerosis is one of the most common causes of hearing loss in adults with clinical onset between 20 and 40 years of age. Vestibular symptoms may be the most agonizing and primary symptom in cases with otosclerosis, so the assessment of patients is important. The vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials test (VEMP) is used to assess the saccular and the utricular functions using cervical and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP and oVEMP), respectively. The video head impulse test (vHIT) which measure vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) to rapid impulsive head acceleration in the plane of each semicircular canal (SCC) has allowed quantitative monitoring of each canal function. Methods Twenty subjects with bilateral otosclerosis were studied, ranging in age from 30 to 55 years, divided into two groups. One group consisted of 10 adult patients with bilateral conductive otosclerosis. The second group consisted of 10 adult patients with bilateral mixed otosclerosis. All the patients underwent cVEMP and oVEMP, using a BC 500Hz tone burst stimulus and vHIT in three planes, left anterior right posterior (LARP), right anterior left posterior (RALP), and lateral SCCs. Results The findings indicate statistically significant differences in the peak-to-peak amplitudes of cVEMP and oVEMP in the two studied groups, and the mixed cases had lower amplitudes than conductive cases and a significant increase in p13 latencies. Also, there is a statistically significant difference in the lateral SCC gain between the two groups, as mixed cases had lower gain than conductive cases, but not for anterior or posterior SCCs, with no gain less than 0.8 in all three canals. Conclusion The findings suggested that the saccule is more liable to be affected by cochlear otosclerosis followed by the utricle. The three SCCs are mostly spared

Effect of protocol of care for mothers on selected postoperative outcomes among their children undergoing abdominal surgeries

Background: Pediatric abdominal surgery embraces many types of congenital and acquired surgical disorders. Aim: to evaluate the effect of the protocol of care for mothers on selected postoperative outcomes among their children undergoing abdominal surgeries. A quasi-experimental research design was utilized. Sample: A purposive sample of 70 mothers with children undergoing abdominal surgeries participated in the study. Setting: The study was conducted in the pediatric surgery unit and outpatient clinic at Cairo University Specialized Pediatric Hospital. Tools: Four tools were utilized, a structured interview questionnaire, mothers' knowledge and reported-practices assessment sheet, observational checklists, and postoperative outcomes recording sheet. Results: After implementation of the protocol of care, there was a significant improvement in the level of mothers’ knowledge, reported-practices, and skills regarding the care of their children after abdominal surgery. Children of the mothers who received protocol of care were exposed to less early postoperative complications and had improved postoperative outcomes than those in the control group. Conclusion: The protocol of care for mothers minimizes early postoperative complications and improves postoperative outcomes among their children after abdominal surgery. Recommendations: It is essential to integrate the care protocol for mothers in the pediatric surgery ward and incorporate it into the discharge plan

Factors That Guide the Diagnosis and Treatment Planning for Impacted Canines Using Three-Dimensional Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective. Impacted canines are one of the significant challenges in orthodontics that should be appropriately assessed to provide the best treatment to the patients. Materials and Methods. In the present study, 57800 patients were examined over six years to investigate the prevalence, diagnostic procedures, and treatment methodologies for impacted canine cases. Prevalence and diagnosis were tested using history taking, clinical examination, and three-dimensional cone-beam radiographs. The cases were tested for impaction site, gender, age, signs, and symptoms. The groups were classified for impaction location according to Mupparapu’s classification. Result. The causative factors and the treatment methodology selected were plotted according to age and gender distribution. The total prevalence was 3.9% of canine impaction cases in relation to the total sample cases. The results showed a strong correlation between the site of impaction toward the upper arch and with distribution following Mupparapu’s classification. The pain was the most detectable complication in all age groups, while root resorption was the least. Conclusion. Most of the younger age groups were sent for exposure and orthodontic traction, while the mid-aged groups elected for observation, and follow-up as their primary concern was esthetics. However, the adult patients were into exposure and traction to improve their function