Diffusion weighted MRI in evaluation of transplanted kidney: Preliminary clinical experience

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance ofDiffusion Weighted (DW) magnetic resonance(MR) imaging in evaluation of transplantedkidneys.Patients and methods: One hundred twelve patientswith transplanted kidney from live kidney donorswere evaluated with coronal T2w and DW MRI ofthe kidney. There was 86 males and 26 females andthe mean age was 26.911.5ys (range 10-55).Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) wascalculated and the kidneys studied for any areasdiffusion restriction. Our patients classified into 2groups: Group 1 included 81 patients with stablekidney function and normal serum creatinine andthe second group included 31 patients with alteredkidney function, it includes 18 patients with chronicnephropathies and 13 patients with acute cellularrejection.Results: The mean ADC values for group 1 was2.70.26 x 10-3 mm2 /sec (range 1.93-3.6). In casesof chronic nephropathies, the mean ADC valueswas 2.30.22mm2/sec (range 2.05-2.77) while incases of acute cellular rejection it was1.80.2mm2/sec (range 1.7-2.2). When we use the2.4mm2/sec as a low cutoff ADC value fordiagnosis of normal kidney function, the sensitivity,specificity and overall accuracy for DWI MRI was80%, 96% and 93.5% respectively.When we used the ADC value of 2mm2/sec as acutoff value between acute cellular rejection andchronic nephropathies, the sensitivity, specificityand overall accuracy of DWI MRI was 90%, 98%and 90% respectively.Conclusion: In this relatively large study includingstable and abnormal function in transplantedkidneys, we can conclude that DW MRI isrelatively a new technique that allows diagnosis oftransplanted kidney with normal and alteredfunction

Primary Mucinous Carcinoma of Cowper' gland: A Case Report of a Rare Variant

Introduction: Primary carcinomas of the bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands) are extremely rare.Presentation of case: Herein, a 57-year-old man was presented by perineal mass for seven years. Physical examination revealed a nontender stony hard perineal mass without signs of inflammation. A urethrogram showed compression of the anterior part of the bulbous urethra. MRI of the mass revealed large perineal multilocular and marginal enhancement. The patient was managed by excision of the mass with safety margin. Histopathological examination of the mass showed remnants of malignant acini floating in pools of mucin which formed about 80% of tumor tissue Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positive reactions of the tumour cells with cytokeratin 20 but negative reactions for PSA, β-catenin and cytokeratin 7.Conclusion: We reported the first case of primary mucinous carcinoma arising in the Cowper’s glands and the 22nd in the literature of Cowper’s gland carcinoma

تحليل العوامل للتكاليف الإنتاجية والتنبؤ بإنتاجية أهم المحاصيل الحقلية في مصر

The research problem is to answer the question: What are the main components of the production costs items for the most important field crops (wheat, rice, summer maize) in Egyptian agriculture? Are there changes in the area of these crops? In achieving its goals, the research relied on a descriptive and quantitative analysis method, relying on tabular and graphical presentation, percentages, engineering and mathematical averages, and growth rates, in addition to Runs Test, Factor Analysis using the major or fundamental component analysis method (PCA) for the most important Items of costs (workers’ wages, seeds, fertilizers, mechanization, other) of the field crops under study question. The research reached a number of results, including: •Wheat crop: From the test runs of the wheat crop area in the four geographical regions during the study period, it is noted that the number of courses during the study period reached two courses for the sea side, 4 courses in Middle Egypt, 6 courses for the tribal face and the total of the republic, and it is expected that the value of acre productivity in In 2024 to 20.9 million erdeb for Lower Egypt and Middle Egypt, 16.7 million erdeb for Upper Egypt, 20.7 million erdeb for the total Egypt. •Rice crop: Results of the test runs for the rice crop area in the four geographical regions during the study period. It is noted that the number of courses during the study period reached 8 courses for the sea side and the total of the republic, 11 courses in Middle Egypt, 7 courses for the tribal face, and it is expected that the value of acre productivity In the year 2024 to 3.4 million tons for Lower Egypt and the total Egypt, 3.5 million tons for Middle Egypt, 4.3 million tons for Upper Egypt. •Maize crop: Runs test for the rice crop area in the four geographical regions during the study period, from which it is noted that the number of courses during the study period reached 14 courses for Lower Egypt, 6 courses in Middle Egypt, 4 courses for Upper Egypt and the total of the Republic, and it is expected that the value of productivity will reach to 25.8 million erdeb in 2024 for Lower Egypt, 22.3 million erdeb for Middle Egypt, 17.8 million erdeb for Upper Egypt, 23.6 million erdeb for the total Egypt. تتمثل مشكلة البحث في الإجابة على التساؤلات التالية: ما هي المكونات الأساسية لبنود التكاليف الإنتاجية لأهم المحاصيل الحقلية (القمح، الأرز، الذرة الشامية الصيفية) في الزراعة المصرية؟ وهل هناك تغيرات فى المساحة لهذه المحاصيل؟ واعتمد البحث في تحقيق أهدافه على أسلوب التحليل الوصفي والكمي، معتمداً على العرض الجدولي والبياني، والنسب المئوية، والمتوسطات الحسابية والهندسية، ومعدلات النمو، بالإضافة إلى اختبار الأشواطRuns Test، تحليل العوامل Factor Analysis باستخدام طريقة تحليل المكون الرئيسي أو الأساسي Principle Component Analysis “PCA” لأهم بنود التكاليف (أجور العمال، التقاوي، الأسمدة، الميكنة، أخرى) للمحاصيل موضع البحث، وتوصل البحث إلى عدد من النتائج منها: • محصول القمح: من اختبار الأشواط لمساحة محصول القمح بالمناطق الجغرافية الثلاثة بالإضافة إلى إجمالي الجمهورية خلال فترة الدراسة، يُلاحظ أن عدد الدورات خلال فترة الدراسة بلغ دورتين للوجه البحري، 4 دورات في مصر الوسطى، 6 دورات للوجه القبلي وإجمالي الجمهورية، ومن المتوقع أن تصل قيمة الإنتاجية الفدانية في عام 2024 إلى 20.9 مليون أردب للوجه البحري ومصر الوسطى، 16.7 مليون أردب للوجه القبلي، 20.7 مليون أردب لإجمالي الجمهورية. • محصول الأرز: نتائج اختبار الأشواط لمساحة محصول الأرز بالمناطق الجغرافية الأربعة خلال فترة الدراسة، يُلاحظ أن عدد الدورات خلال فترة الدراسة بلغ 8دورات للوجه البحري وإجمالي الجمهورية، 11 دورات في مصر الوسطى، 7 دورات للوجه القبلي، ومن المتوقع أن تصل قيمة الإنتاجية الفدانية في عام 2024 إلى 3.4 مليون طن للوجه البحريوإجمالي الجمهورية، 3.5 مليون طن لمصر الوسطى، 4.3 مليون طن للوجه القبلي. • محصول الذرة الشامية: اختبار الأشواط لمساحة محصول الأرز بالمناطق الجغرافية الأربعة خلال فترة الدراسة، ومنها يُلاحظ أن عدد الدورات خلال فترة الدراسة بلغ 14 دورة للوجه البحري، 6 دورات في مصر الوسطى، 4 دورات للوجه القبلي وإجمالي الجمهورية، ومن المتوقع أن تصل قيمة الإنتاجية الفدانية في عام 2024 إلى 25.8 مليون أردب للوجه البحري، 22.3 مليون أردب لمصر الوسطى، 17.8 مليون أردب للوجه القبلي، 23.6 مليون أردب لإجمالي الجمهورية. الكلمات الدليلية: تحليل العوامل Factor Analysis، اختبار الأشواط Runs Test، التنبؤ، الإنتاجية

New Ethylenediamine Crosslinked 2D-Cellulose Adsorbent for Nanoencapsulation Removal of Pb (II) and Cu (II) Heavy Metal Ions: Synthesis, Characterization Application, and RSM-Modeling

The main objective of the present work is to elaborate on a new eco-friendly and efficient adsorbent designated for aquatic micropollutants removal. However, the synthesis of the Ethylenediamine Crosslinked 2D-Cellulose green adsorbent was carried out successfully, by partial grafting of benzyl entities onto hydroxyl groups of HEC, and crosslinking with ethylenediamine ED. Further, the new ethylenediamine crosslinked 2D-Cellulose was used as a biosorbent for nanoencapsulation removal of copper and lead heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The proposal chemical structures of unmodified and modified materials were confirmed using FTIR, XRD, TGA, and SEM–EDX analysis. Furthermore, many parameters of the optimization for Pb (II) and Cu (II) in terms of removal efficiency including pH, adsorbent amount, and contact time were optimized by response surface methodology with a Box–Behnken design. Based on the desirability optimization with three factors, the maximal removal was 99.52% and 97.5% for Pb(II) and Cu(II), respectively and was obtained at pH = 5.94, 22.2 mg as the optimal adsorbent amount, and 21.53 min as contact time

Novi steroidni derivati sintetizirani iz 3betha-hidroksiandrosten-17-ona

In this study, we synthesized some new substituted steroidal derivatives using 3betha-hydroxyandrosten-17-one (dehydroepiandrosterone) as starting material. The synthesized steroidal derivatives 1-11 were evaluated for their androgenic-anabolic activities compared to testosterone as positive control. Details of the synthesis, spectroscopic data and toxicity (LD50) of synthesized compounds are reported.U radu je opisana sinteza novih steroidnih derivata 1-11 koristeći 3betha-hidroksiandrosten-17-on (dehidroepiandrosteron) kao početnu supstanciju. Androgeno-anaboličko djelovanje tih spojeva uspoređivano je s djelovanjem testosterona kao pozitivnom kontrolom. Navode se detaljni sintetski postupci, spektroskopska karakterizacija i podaci o toksičnosti (LD50)

Medical prospects of cryptosporidiosis in vivo control using biofabricated nanoparticles loaded with Cinnamomum camphora extracts by Ulva fasciata

Background and Aim: Global efforts are continuing to develop preparations against cryptosporidiosis. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of biosynthesized Ulva fasciata loading Cinnamomum camphora oil extract on new zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs shorten to ZnNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as alternative treatments for Cryptosporidium parvum experimental infection in rats. Materials and Methods: Oil extract was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, loaded by U. fasciata on ionic-based ZnO and NPs, and then characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Biosafety and toxicity were investigated by skin tests. A total of 105 C. parvum oocysts/rat were used (n = 81, 2–3 W, 80–120 g, 9 male rats/group). Oocysts shedding was counted for 21 d. Doses of each preparation in addition to reference drug were administered daily for 7 d, starting on post-infection (PI) day (3). Nitazoxanide (100 mg) was used as the reference drug. After 3 weeks, the rats were sacrificed for postmortem examination and histopathological examination. Two blood samples/rat/group were collected on the 21st day. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid blood samples were also used for analysis of biochemistry, hematology, immunology, micronucleus prevalence, and chromosomal abnormalities. Results: C. camphora leaves yielded 28.5 ± 0.3 g/kg oil and 20 phycocompounds were identified. Spherical and rod-shaped particles were detected at 10.47–30.98 nm and 18.83–38.39 nm, respectively. ZnNPs showed the earliest anti-cryptosporidiosis effect during 7–17 d PI. Other hematological, biochemical, immunological, histological, and genotoxicity parameters were significantly fruitful; hence, normalized pathological changes induced by infestation were observed in the NPs treatments groups against the infestation-free and Nitazoxanide treated group. Conclusion: C. camphora, U. fasciata, ZnNPs, and AgNPs have refluxed the pathological effects of infection as well as positively improved host physiological condition by its anticryptosporidial immunostimulant regenerative effects with sufficient ecofriendly properties to be proposed as an alternative to traditional drugs, especially in individuals with medical reactions against chemical commercial drugs