Comparative modeling of CCRL1, a key protein in masked immune diseases and virtual screening for finding inhibitor of this protein

Human CCRL1 belongs to the family of silent chemokine receptors. This transmembrane protein plays a role in blunting function of chemokines through binding to them. This will attenuate immune responses. Interaction between CCRL1 and CCL21 determines this immune extinction. Thus inhibiting the action of this atypical chemokine seems to stimulate immune responses especially in the case of suppressed and immune deficient conditions. In this study we predicted 3D structure of CCRL1 using comparative modeling and Hiddebn Markov Model algorithm. Final predicted model optimized by Modeller v9.8 and minimized regarding energy level using UCSF chimera candidate version1.5.3. ClasPro webserver was used to find interacting residues between CCRL1 and CCL21. Interacting residues were used as target for chemical inhibitors by simulated docking study. For finding potential inhibitors, library of KEGG compounds screened and 97 obtained chemicals docked against interacting residues between CCRL1- CCL21 and MolDock was used as docking scoring function. Results indicated that Hexadecanal is a potential inhibitor of CCRL1- CCL21 interaction. Inhibition of this interaction will increase intercellular level of CCl21 and interaction between CCL21 and CCR7 causes immune potentiaiton

Short and one-year outcome of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs)

BACKGROUND: Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) has been marked as standard practice during the past decades. We aimed to investigate the shortand long-term outcomes of EVAR in patients with AAAs in Isfahan, Iran. .METHODS: This retrospective study conducted on 50 patients with AAAs who have undergone EVAR procedure consequently in four different hospitals (Chamran hospital, Asgarieh hospital, Sepahan hospital and Saadi hospital) in Isfahan, Iran, between 2017 to 2020. We followed patients for one year and recorded short-term and one-year outcome include Endoleak, Aorta-iliac expansion, and mortality in hospital records during one year and telephone follow up. Data was entered in SPSS (ver.25) and analyzed with Univariate Linear Regression and Chi-Square Test.RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 66.6±11.7 years old, in which 88%(n=44) of them were male. Elective EVAR was performed in 88% of patients. Regarding the complications one year after EVAR, endoleak and CIN (contrast-induced nephropathy) were occurred in 6%(n=3) and 6%(n=3) of patients, respectively. We also reported the rate of in-hospital mortality and one-year mortality as 2%(n=1) and 8%(n=4), respectively. Univariate regression analysis revealed no significant difference regarding one-year mortality in patients who underwent EVAR. In patients who underwent spinal anesthesia in comparison with general and regional anesthesia before EVAR, there were lower rate of vascular complications [0% (n=0) versus 23.5% (n=4) and 20.0% (n=2), P=0.053], level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) [9.8 ± 13.9 versus 17.0 ± 13.1 and 14 ± 6.2, P=0.031] and creatinine (Cr) [0.6±1.1 versus 1.1±0.6 and 1.3±0.5, P=0.005], respectively.CONCLUSION: Desirable short- and long-term outcomes as expected, combined with a reduction in hospital length of stay and mortality and one-year mortality allowed EVAR to become the favorable therapeutic strategy for AAAs in Iran especially in high-risk patients. Lower rate of vascular complications, ICU length of stay and lower level of BUN and Cr were observed using spinal anesthesia in patients who underwent EVAR in our centers

Determination of the incidence of cardiovascular composite events in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A 3-year follow-up

Background: The occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its health-related issues, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD), are increasing in developing countries. With a 3-year follow-up study, the present study aimed to determine the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with OSA in an Iranian population.Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 415 adults (300 patients with OSA and 115 patients without OSA) with a history of snoring and/or witnessed apneas or other suspected sleep breathing disorders were consecutively enrolled and followed up for three successive years to evaluate the development of cardiovascular events including acute coronary syndrome, cerebrovascular accidents (including ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes or transient ischemic attacks), death due to cardiac causes and all-cause mortality. Results: 415 patients were studied with a mean age of 56.2 ±15.7 years, 211 (50.8) of whom were male. Cardiovascular events developed in 15 participants (5%) of the OSA group, and 3 participants (2.6 %) of the OSA negative group. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the incidence of any of these events (P-value> 0.05). Using multiple logistic regression model (with P-value <0.2 as the significance level), age, OSA, and history of CVD remained as significant predictors for the development of cardiac composite events (incidence of CVD, CVA, death due to cardiac causes, and all-cause mortality) with the odds ratios of (95% confidence interval) 1.03 (1.01, 1.06), 2.41 (1.02, 5.76), and 7.40 (2.91, 18.67), respectively.Conclusions: The present study showed that OSA is associated with a more than twofold increased risk of cardiovascular events. Thus, obstructive sleep apnea should be considered an independent cardiovascular risk factor

The concept of Maslow's pyramid for cardiovascular health and its impact on “change cycle”

Since the leading cause of morbidity and mortality is cardiovascular diseases, every individual should think regularly about possessing and maintaining cardiovascular health. In reality, this self-processing is delayed until the occurrence of complications related to cardiovascular inefficiency manifested as chest pain and/or dyspnea. However, people should be trained to think about their cardiovascular health issues as a vital need from early childhood. This goal is achievable by understanding it as a "true human derive" and its consecutive "behaviors". Most people are unaware of their real needs, and even if they know all of their cardiovascular needs, this knowledge is not projected in their behaviors. In the present paper, I try to outline the Herzberg two-factor hypothesis and Maslow's hierarchy of needs. &nbsp; Keywords: Maslow's Pyramid, Change Cycle, Cardiovascular Health&nbsp;</p

Orthopedic problems: An underestimated hidden risk factor for development and progression of atherosclerosis; An inconspicuous joint link

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Suggested indications of clinical practice guideline for stem cell-therapy in cardiovascular diseases: A stepwise appropriate use criteria for regeneration therapy

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Despite astonishing progress concerning cardiovascular diseases, patients are still suffering from complications of acute insults. Due to reverse remodeling and improper myocyte rebuilding, heart failure has become a common problem these days which needs more powerful myocardial reconstructing strategies. Indeed, no option cases afflicted with non-healing peripheral vascular diseases; refractory stable and unstable angina is the other field with paucity of proper treatments. For these cases, stem cell-based therapies became optimistic treatment, but lack of guideline-based indications regarding stem-cell is still a major problem which limits application of these cells for such end-stage cases. Here, an outline of appropriateness criteria for stem cell-based therapy is suggested. &nbsp; Keywords: Appropriate Use Criteria, Clinical Practice Guideline, Cardiovascular Diseases, Stem Cells&nbsp; <!--[endif] --

Selection of best door-to-cardiac regeneration (D2CR) time

In spite of great progress in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) events in reperfusion era, patients are still at risk for development of heart failure due to negative remodeling. Thus, the importance of regenerative therapies in parallel with reperfusion strategies is fundamental. A key feature in this case is obtaining the most appropriate door-to-cardiac regeneration (D2CR) time. This golden time in which fresh stem cells can invade scare-prone tissue could be defined as door-to-cardiac stem cell (D2CSC) plus door-to-cardiac regeneration (D2CR) time. Application of stem cells in this golden time allows comprehensive regeneration and reconstruction. Therefore, the aim of this study was to plan the outlines of simultaneous application of cellular and vascular reconstruction strategies. &nbsp; Keywords: Cardiac Regeneration, Stem Cell, Golden Time&nbsp;</p