Coupling ultrasound with enzyme-assisted extraction of essential oil from algerian artemisia herba-alba asso

The composition of the essential oil (EO) of Artemisia herba-alba Asso, extracted by Hydro-Distillation (HD) and by coupling Ultrasound with Enzyme-Assisted Extraction (UE-AE) prior to HD from the plant's aerial parts were analyzed by GC-MS. Antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the obtained EOs were evaluated. The yield of EO extraction after pretreatment of the desert wormwood leaves by coupling ultrasound with enzymes was in the range of 1.56%±0.07 compared to 1.01% ±0.08 in HD process; also, the total time necessary to complete EO extraction is 180min for HD and 120min for UE-AE. GC-MS profiling of the EOs showed changes in chemo type obtained by HD from camphor/1,8-cineole/α-mujone/chrysanmenone to a new chemo type in the case of UE-AE: camphor/α-thujone/1,8-cineole/filifolone; Then, an increasing of filifolone, α-thujone, 3-octyne and cis-limonene oxide characterize the UE-EO. The antifungal activity of the EO has slightly increased when extracted by UE-AE, however, both antibacterial and antioxidant activities were interestingly increased

A review of genetic taxonomy, biomolecules chemistry and bioactivities of Citrus hystrix DC

Citrus hystrix DC. with common name makrut lime or kafir lemon, is a very popular traditional medicinal plant as well as an important spice in Asiatic countries. The plant is native of the Indonesian island Sumbawa, then, it is cultivated in Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and the tropical region of Asia. It mainly contains essential oil and phenolic compounds. The most intense odor compounds of kafir lemon are Citronellal, L-Linalool, 1,8-Cineole , á-Terpeneol and ä-Cadinene. Such as Citrusosides-A and furanocoumarines, Makrut lime content also non-volatile compounds like alkaloids and glyceroglycolipids. Citrus hystrix DC has many biological activities due to its volatile and nonvolatile compounds, and it has been used in traditional medicine for treating various illnesses, particularly cold pain and stomach disorder. It is also used as a juice for its fruit or as spice for its aromatic leaves. This review covers data on the chemistry and biological effects of Citrus hystrix DC biomolecules, and aims to lay the foundation for further study on the extraction enhancement of these biomolecules and more useful formulations

Essential oil of Algerian Eucalyptus citriodora: Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities

This study was carried out to assess the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil growing in Algeria. The chemical composition of the oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS and revealed the presence of 22 compounds which accounted for 97.13 % of the oil. The main compounds was Citronellal (69.77 %) followed by Citronellol (10.63 %) and Isopulegol (4.66 %). Antioxidant activity was evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The free radical scavenging activity of the oil was found to be inferior (IC50 values = 0.896 mg/ml) as compared to butylatedhydreoxytoluene (BHT), (IC50 value = 0.041 mg/ml). The antimicrobial activity of Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil against twelve bacteria and two yeasts was determined via both the disc diffusion method and the Disc volatilization method. Higher antimicrobial activity was observed in the liquid phase. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found to vary from 0.6 to 20 µl/ml for bacteria while for yeasts it was equal to 1.25 µl/ml. The most sensitive strains were the Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis and the two yeasts while the most resistant bacterium was Pseudonomas aeruginosa. This is the first report on the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the essential oil of Eucalyptus citriodora growing in Algeria