6 research outputs found
Morphometric study of the diaphysial nutrient foramen of the humerus in the Indore population
Background: The nutrient arteries may be affected to a consequence of fracture/surgical intervention of fracture of the humeral shaft, which may result in nonunion or delayed union of fracture. Number and position of nutrient arteries must be determined. In order to preserve them during any surgical procedure of the humeral shaft, it is therefore essential to be aware of the existence of the nutrient foramen. The primary objective of this research is to identify the number, location, and orientation of nutrient foramina (NF) of humerus.
Methods: The study was conducted on 100 dried humeri of unknown gender obtained from department of anatomy, Index Medical College, Indore (M.P), India. The number, location, and direction of NF were observed.
Results: One nutrient foramen was present in 77% of humeri, followed by double foramen in 20% of cases and triple foramen in 3% of cases. The anteromedial surface hosted the majority (80.16%) of the NF, followed by the anterolateral (4.76%) and posterior surfaces (15.08%). The middle third of the shaft (96.03%) included the greatest number of NF, followed by the distal third (3.97%). On the distal end of the humerus, there was no nutrient foramen to be observed. All NF were directed downward.
Conclusions: The location of the nutrient foramen of the humerus was not constant; it may present on anteromedial, anterolateral, or posterior surfaces. Similarly, it may present on the middle or distal third of the shaft of the humerus. This study will help surgeons planning the surgical intervention of the shaft of the humerus, which will possibly reduce the chances of nonunion or delayed union
The Indore population's morphometric study of the nutrient foramina of the dried radius
Background: Bone formation, growth and its vitality necessitates blood supply. Nutrient artery is the key source of blood supply to the long bone apart from the other important sources like periosteal, metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries. Nutrient foramina allow nutrient artery. Typically, the direction of the nutrient foramina is towards the elbow joint in radius, away from its growing end. Knowledge of foramen index, number, direction and size of the nutrient foramina assists the surgeon to take and exact section of bone in case of bone resection and transplantation techniques. The aim of the present study is to determine the number, position, size direction of the nutrient foramina and the Foramen Index of the human dry radius bones.
Methods: In the present study, 100 radius bones of unknown age and sex were taken into consideration from the department of anatomy Index Medical College, Indore (MP), India.
Results: Most of the foramen was observed on the anterior surface of the bone. Nutrient foramina was found to be absent in 4 right sided and 3 left sided bones. The foramen index on right side was 34.92±4.97 cm whereas on the left side 34.79±4.43 cm. The nutrient foramen was directed towards the proximal end of radius in all the bones studied.
Conclusions: In the present study the average length of the bone and foramina of the size larger are more on the right side when compared to the left side. The foramina are located mostly in the middle third of the bone of the anterior surface. This study may add to the present statistical data available on foramen index number of foramen and their location in the population of Indore region, during recent orthopaedic techniques like bone resection and transplantation
Projections of extreme precipitation events in India from regional and global climate models
by Parth Modi, Reepal Shah and Vimal Mishra
Changes in the flood frequency in the Mahanadi basin under observed and projected future climate
by Parth Ashishbhai Modi, Venkataraman Lakshmi and Vimal Mishr
Study of early post-operative complications of major surgery in patients in tertiary care teaching hospital in Central India - A prospective observational study
Background: Surgical complications can occur after any operation and will keep on occurring. Post-operative complication may be defined as any negative outcome as perceived by the surgeon or by the patient. It may occur intraoperatively, in the immediate post-operative period, or later on. Materials and Methods: Aprospective study of early post-operative complication in 100 patients, who underwent major surgery, was done in the department of surgery in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Indore. The present study was carried out prospectively with the following aims and objectives to study the incidence of early post-operative complications after major surgery and study the incidence of post-operative complications in relation to age, sex, and other factors which influence them. Results: Incidence of post-operative complications is much higher in females 50%, but the incidence of mortality is equal 10%. The incidence of early post-operative complications is higher in patients undergoing emergency surgery (60%) as compared to patient of elective surgery (31.42%). It was evident that mortality in emergency group is higher (23.33%) than patient of elective surgery (4.2%). Conclusion: Early post-operative complications after major surgery occurred in significant number and must be anticipated in time and proper measures instituted to control them. Incidence of early post-operative complications was significantly higher in emergency surgery than in elective surgery
Reconstruction of droughts in India using multiple land-surface models (1951-2015)
India has witnessed some of the most severe historical droughts in the current decade, and severity, frequency, and areal extent of droughts have been increasing. As a large part of the population of India is dependent on agriculture, soil moisture drought affecting agricultural activities (crop yields) has significant impacts on socio-economic conditions. Due to limited observations, soil moisture is generally simulated using land-surface hydrological models (LSMs); however, these LSM outputs have uncertainty due to many factors, including errors in forcing data and model parameterization. Here we reconstruct agricultural drought events over India during the period of 1951-2015 based on simulated soil moisture from three LSMs, the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC), the Noah, and the Community Land Model (CLM). Based on simulations from the three LSMs, we find that major drought events occurred in 1987, 2002, and 2015 during the monsoon season (June through September). During the Rabi season (November through February), major soil moisture droughts occurred in 1966, 1973, 2001, and 2003. Soil moisture droughts estimated from the three LSMs are comparable in terms of their spatial coverage; however, differences are found in drought severity. Moreover, we find a higher uncertainty in simulated drought characteristics over a large part of India during the major crop-growing season (Rabi season, November to February: NDJF) compared to those of the monsoon season (June to September: JJAS). Furthermore, uncertainty in drought estimates is higher for severe and localized droughts. Higher uncertainty in the soil moisture droughts is largely due to the difference in model parameterizations (especially soil depth), resulting in different persistence of soil moisture simulated by the three LSMs. Our study highlights the importance of accounting for the LSMs' uncertainty and consideration of the multi-model ensemble system for the real-time monitoring and prediction of drought over Indiaby Vimal Mishra, Reepal Shah, Syed Azhar, Harsh Shah, Parth Modi and Rohini Kuma