19 research outputs found
Quantum Hall effect at cleaved InSb surfaces and low-temperature annealing effect
We have performed low-temperature in-plane magnetotransport measurements on
two-dimensional electron systems induced by deposition of Ag at {\it in situ}
cleaved surfaces of {\it p}-type InSb. The quantum Hall effect was observed
even at low magnetic fields around 2 T. The surface electron density and the
electron mobility exhibit strong dependence on the Ag-coverage and the
annealing temperature in the range of 15-40 K. The annealing effect suggests
that the surface morphology strongly affects the properties of the
two-dimensional electron systems.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figure
Evidence for Two-Dimensional Spin-Glass Ordering in Submonolayer Fe Films on Cleaved InAs Surfaces
Magnetotransport measurements have been performed on two-dimensional electron
gases formed at InAs(110) surfaces covered with a submonolayer of Fe.
Hysteresis in the magnetoresistance, a difference in remanent magnetoresistance
between zero-field-cooling procedures and field-cooling procedures, and
logarithmic time-dependent relaxation after magnetic field sweep are clearly
observed at 1.7 K for a coverage of 0.42 monolayer. These features are
associated with spin-glass ordering in the Fe film.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Alkali-metal-induced Fermi level and two dimensional electrons at cleaved InAs(110) surfaces
Low-temperature Hall measurements have been performed on two-dimensional
electron gases (2DEGs) induced by deposition of Cs or Na on in situ cleaved
surfaces of p-type InAs. The surface donor level, at which the Fermi energy of
the 2DEG is pinned, is calculated from the observed saturation surface electron
density using a surface potential determined self-consistently. The results are
compared to those of previous photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figure
Observation of high Rydberg states of one-dimensional excitons in GaAs quantum wires by magnetophotoluminescence excitation spectroscopy
We have studied the higher Rydberg states of the ground exciton in T -shaped GaAs quantum wires with low-temperature photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy under magnetic fields. The peak of the second even-parity Rydberg state appears and grows in intensity at the onset of the one-dimensional (1D) continuum edge under strong magnetic fields. In stark contrast to the ground exciton, it shows significantly low zero-field oscillator strength and a large diamagnetic shift. These characteristic features are attributed to the extremely weakly bound wave function of the second Rydberg state, reflecting the inherent and novel character of 1D excitons that was predicted theoretically
Two-dimensional electrons at a cleaved semiconductor surface: Observation of the quantum Hall effect
Daily Meal Supplemented with Astaxanthin-Enriched Yolk Has Mitigative Effects against Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of egg yolk powder enriched with astaxanthin (ASX-E) on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and to verify the benefits of ASX-E as a functional food. To investigate the antihypertensive effect, SHR were fed with an ASX-E mixed diet before hypertension development. Blood pressures were determined periodically during the study by the tail-cuff method. At the end of the study, animals were euthanized, and their thoracic aortas were collected to determine vascular conductance. The thoracic aorta tension was measured with a force displacement transducer. Concentration-dependent response relationships were determined by cumulative addition of 10−9–10−4 M Carbamoylcholine (Cch). Blood pressures of the SHR in the ASX-E mixed diet group were ASX-dose-dependently lower than that of those in the control group. In SHR fed with an ASX-E mixed diet, Cch induced vasorelaxation in the thoracic aorta with endothelium lining but not without endothelium. However, the antihypertensive effect of ASX-E was not observed on blood pressures in SHR that were fed with ASX-E only after the development of hypertension. Results suggest that ASX-E protects endothelial function and thereby prevents the development of hypertension. Hence, the results of our research indicate that daily consumption of ASX-E has a potential benefit on human health
Malignant transformation of oral lichen planus: a retrospective study of 565 Japanese patients
Abstract Background Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory oral mucosa disease that is recognized as an oral potentially malignant disorder. However, the potentially malignant nature of OLP remains unclear. Methods We designed this study to examine the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with OLP and evaluate the associated malignant transformation rate. A total of 565 patients with a clinical and histopathological diagnosis of OLP who presented at our department between 2001 and 2017 were retrospectively studied. Patients who had clinical and histopathological features of oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs) classified as oral lichenoid contact lesions, oral lichenoid drug reactions and oral lichenoid lesions of graft-versus-host disease were excluded. Results The study population included 123 men and 442 women aged 21–93 years (mean ± standard deviation, 60.5 ± 11.8). The 565 patients were followed up for a duration of 55.9 ± 45.3 months, during which 4 (0.7%) patients developed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In three of these 4 patients who developed SCC, the clinical type of OLP was the red type. Conclusions Our results suggested that OLP was associated with a low risk of malignant transformation. We recommend regular follow-up for OLP patients and clear differentiation of oral epithelial dysplasia and OLLs to enable early detection of malignant transformation. Further investigation of the clinical risk factors associated with malignant transformation is necessary