On Unconstrained SU(2) Gluodynamics with Theta Angle

The Hamiltonian reduction of classical SU(2) Yang-Mills field theory to the equivalent unconstrained theory of gauge invariant local dynamical variables is generalized to the case of nonvanishing theta angle. It is shown that for any theta angle the elimination of the pure gauge degrees of freedom leads to a corresponding unconstrained nonlocal theory of self-interacting second rank symmetric tensor fields, and that the obtained classical unconstrained gluodynamics with different theta angles are canonically equivalent as on the original constrained level.Comment: 13 pages Revtex, no figures; several misprints corrected; version to appear in Eur. Phys. J.

Neurons characterization in the cerebral ganglia of the green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus, using antibodies raised against neuropeptides and neurotransmitters involved in gastropod egg-laying behaviour and bivalve reproduction and spawning

Immunohistochemical techniques were used to characterise central neurons in the cerebral ganglia of both male and female Perna canaliculus. We used mollusc antibodies raised against neuropeptides and neurotransmitters known to control reproduction and spawning. Anti-ELH and anti-APGWamide showed very strong immunoreactivity in small type of neurons. Anti-5-HT and anti-DA immunoreactivity was mostly in large type of neurons. The labelled neurons are consistent with descriptions of neurosecretory cells implicated in the control of reproduction and spawning on the basis of earlier histological staining techniques used in this species. The use of selective immunological markers for peptides and amines appears to be a promising tool for further characterisation of neurosecretory cells, and to isolate and characterise neuropeptides and other biologically active materials involved in the control of reproduction in Perna canaliculus

Laser therapy in ROP: a literature review and our experience

Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a serious, vision threatening disease and among the leading causes of irreversible loss of vision. It affects prematurely born children, predominantly prior to the 32nd GW or with a body weight at birth below 1500 g. The highest risk for the development of ROP includes the time period of two weeks before to two weeks after the supposed due date. Materials and Methods: We included 10 prematurely born children with ROP requiring therapy. All of the children were screened by indirect ophthalmoscopy and the condition was documented by RetCam imaging. The treatment was conducted by the application of 810 nm diode laser. Results: Nine out of the 10 children were born before 32 GW and were with a body weight at birth below 1500 g. The disease was bilateral in 9 of the children. Laser therapy was applied to all 10 children and 18 eyes. Discussion and Conclusion: The active ophthalmological screening of all children born before 32 GW and with a body weight at birth below 1500 g, including all new-born children at risk, and the application of early laser treatment are the basis for the prevention of the development of irreversible visual loss

Retinoblastoma – a literature review and our experience

Retinoblastoma is the most common malignant eye tumor in children that is lethal if left untreated. The contemporary treatment modalities aim not only to save life, but also to preserve the eyes as an organwith form vision and the wich would greatly reflect on the quality of children’s lives. Historically, enucleation was the first successful therapeutic approach to reduce mortality, followed more than 100 years ago by the radiation therapy as the first attempt to save the eyes. Over the last two decades, conservative treatment of retinoblastoma has undergone an impressive development, allowing complete cure with minimal sequelae when timely diagnosed and treated. Today’s treatment protocol includes combination of selective chemotherapy, radiation therapy, laser therapy and, if necessary, systemic chemotherapy. The goal of this article is to review the up-to-date conservative management of retinoblastoma and to emphasize the importance of general practitions and pediatricians for timely diagnosis

Coats disease ‒ case report

Coats disease is a rare, in about 90% of cases unilateral idiopathic eye pathology. It is characterized by telangiectatic and aneurysmally altered retinal blood vessels and progressive intra- and subretinal exudation, which can lead to exudative retinal detachment. Most often the symptoms manifest in the advanced stages. Purpose: To report a case with Coats disease. 10 year old boy, admitted to the Eye Clinic of the University Alexandrovska Hospital – Sofia, with leucocoria and strabismus of the right eye. Method: Full ophthalmic and orthoptic examination, OCT. Results: 3B stage of Coats disease of the right eye was established. The chance for improvement after surgery was evaluated as very little, so our patient remained under observation with protective glasses and prevention of complications. Conclusion: It is of great importance to early diagnose the disease, so to have more treatment options

Anisotropic inharmonic Higgs oscillator and related (MICZ-)Kepler-like systems

We propose the integrable (pseudo)spherical generalization of the four-dimensional anisotropic oscillator with additional nonlinear potential. Performing its Kustaanheimo-Stiefel transformation we then obtain the pseudospherical generalization of the MICZ-Kepler system with linear and $\cos\theta$ potential terms. We also present the generalization of the parabolic coordinates, in which this system admits the separation of variables. Finally, we get the spherical analog of the presented MICZ-Kepler-like system.Comment: 7 page