News Letter

研究エッセ

Efficient Retrieval and Secure Distribution of Information about Nonwritten Cultural Materials

Our joint research is aimed at developing basic technology necessary for information about nonwritten cultural materials to be exchanged and shared among researchers or between researchers and non-experts, and at verifying the effectiveness of the technology by using a demonstration system targeting actual materials and researchers. We will offer a proposal for basic technology required to achieve these goals, and then develop a basic system for Tadami Townʼs mingu（folk implements） record cards. To improve the keyword search function of the Tadami Internet Eco-Museum, unseen relationships will be clarified by using the Web Ontology Language（OWL） for an ontology of nonwritten cultural materials. This will lead to the discovery of new relationships, and enable users to accurately retrieve information they really need. To design a user interface suitable to, for example, creating an ontology of nonwritten cultural materials and retrieving information about them, data will be made visually manageable by regarding each datum as swarm intelligence data that can self-organize, and controlling these data. The proposed management method can be applied to self-organizing methods according to the process of data management. We will propose two information retrieval methods that take the quality of the retrieval process into consideration: a method using ant colony optimization（ACO）, a swarm intelligence algorithm; and a method using a so-called “recommender system.” To create a system in which personal and confidential information are protected and copyright mediation is autonomously conducted when information about nonwritten cultural materials is retrieved and distributed, we will also propose a digital watermarking method for the copyright management of bilevel line images that embeds information in images, not pixel values, using Bézier curves. Our other proposals include : swarm intelligence that regards access control as “language games,” and adapts to changing environments by using a concept of swarm and a concept of heredity ; a value exchange system designed to facilitate the documentation, data processing and distribution of nonwritten cultural materials that can reflect a variety of values by taking advantage of a characteristic of community currencies ― “value can be set independently” ; and a model that uses game theory to satisfy each user under particular conditions

Research on Basic Technologies, Including Data Mining and a User Interface, for the Internet Eco-Museum

第三期共同研究活動報

非文字資料の効率的な検索と安全な流通

共同研究非文字資料の効率的な検索と安全な流

Application of an RDF to an Ontology-Based Database for Nonwritten Materials

The need for intellectually processing massive nonwritten information such as smells, scenery and tactile sensations has been increasing. Our research team had conducted a study on the establishment of an ontology-based database for folk implements to offer a new perspective by proving that it is possible to create an ontology-based database for nonwritten materials. Yet, we did not come up with a definite solution for an inference engine needed to compile such a database. This time, we tried a Jena-based resource description framework （RDF） to derive new relationships between resources to show the significance of ontology for nonwritten materials.　An RDF is a semantic data format used as a semantic web technology to describe linked data and metadata. It functions as a framework to describe relationships between resources identified by a uniform resource identifier（URI） and provides readable metadata for computing machines to information resources on the web, based on RDF data. An RDF finds new information not directly included in data according to rules like ontology and schemas.　Jena is a framework to develop Java-based semantic web applications. The semantic web is a movement to convert the current web to a new type that is comprehensible to computers. Jena provides various functions to process and use RDF data or knowledge.　The following is how we used Jena for this research. We asked Jena to make inferences on two sets of RDF data. This data included Kiri or an awl ; Mitsumegiri as a local name of Kiri ; and Hole as a purpose of using Mitsumegiri. Jena then inferred that a purpose of using Kiri is Hole. In other words, it added a tag Kiri to Hole and another tag Hole to Mitsumegiri. These tags were not contained in the original RDF data. This means that Jena automatically added them while performing the inference task and that the significance and feasibility of ontology for nonwritten materials have been demonstrated.　Nevertheless, some issues and challenges have been revealed. It takes a long time to build a system. Furthermore, an inference system that can be easily used for information in Excel format and a system to derive new relationships while building an ontology are yet to be developed.論

A DDoS Attack Detection Method Using Conditional Entropy Based on SDN Traffic

To detect each network attack in an SDN environment, an attack detection method is proposed based on an analysis of the features of the attack and the change in entropy of each parameter. Entropy is a parameter used in information theory to express a certain degree of order. However, with the increasing complexity of networks and the diversity of attack types, existing studies use a single entropy, which does not discriminate correctly between attacks and normal traffic and may lead to false positives. In this paper, we propose new state determination standards that use the normal distribution characteristics of the entropy value at the time which an attack did not occur, subdivide the normal and abnormal range represented by the entropy value, improving the accuracy of attack determination. Furthermore, we show the effectiveness of the proposed method by numerical analysis