Microsatellite loci in Japanese quail and�cross-species amplification in�chicken and�guinea fowl

In line with the Gifu University's initiative to map the Japanese quail genome, a total of 100 Japanese quail microsatellite markers isolated in our laboratory were evaluated in a population of 20 unrelated quails randomly sampled from a colony of wild quail origin. Ninety-eight markers were polymorphic with an average of 3.7 alleles per locus and a mean heterozygosity of 0.423. To determine the utility of these markers for comparative genome mapping in Phasianidae, cross-species amplification of all the markers was tested with chicken and guinea fowl DNA. Amplification products similar in size to the orthologous loci in quail were observed in 42 loci in chicken and 20 loci in guinea fowl. Of the cross-reactive markers, 57.1% in chicken and 55.0% in guinea fowl were polymorphic when tested in 20 birds from their respective populations. Five of 15 markers that could cross-amplify Japanese quail, chicken, and guinea fowl DNA were polymorphic in all three species. Amplification of orthologous loci was confirmed by sequencing 10 loci each from chicken and guinea fowl and comparing with them the corresponding quail sequence. The microsatellite markers reported would serve as a useful resource base for genetic mapping in quail and comparative mapping in Phasianidae

Evaluation of PRNP Expression Based on Genotypes and Alleles of Two Indel Loci in the Medulla Oblongata of Japanese Black and Japanese Brown Cattle

BACKGROUND: Prion protein (PrP) level plays the central role in bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) susceptibility. Increasing the level of PrP decreases incubation period for this disease. Therefore, studying the expression of the cellular PrP or at least the messenger RNA might be used in selection for preventing the propagation of BSE and other prion diseases. Two insertion/deletion (indel) variations have been tentatively associated with susceptibility/resistance of cattle to classical BSE. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We studied the expression of each genotype at the two indel sites in Japanese Black (JB) and Japanese Brown (JBr) cattle breeds by a standard curve method of real-time PCR. Five diplotypes subdivided into two categories were selected from each breed. The two cattle breeds were considered differently. Expression of PRNP was significantly (p<0.0001) greater in the homozygous deletion genotype at the 23-bp locus in JB breed. Compared to the homozygous genotypes, the expression of PRNP was significantly greater in the heterozygous genotype at the 12-bp locus in JB (p<0.0001) and in JBr (p = 0.0394) breeds. In addition, there was a statistical significance in the PRNP levels between the insertion and the deletion alleles of the 23-bp locus in JB (p = 0.0003) as well as in JBr (p = 0.0032). There was no significance in relation to sex, age, geographical location or due to their interactions (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the del/del genotype or at least its del allele may modulate the expression of PRNP at the 23-bp locus in the medulla oblongata of these cattle breeds

Estudio Citogenetico del Titi Boliviano y Revision de su Posicion Taxonomica

Reports by Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey1983 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey) Reports of Research Project (Number of Project 1982: 57041028, 1983: 57041028)Phylogenetic Studies of South American MonkeysHead Investigator 1982, 1983: Kyoto University, Primate Research Institute, Professor, Yasuo NOGAM

Cytogenetic Study of the Bolivian Titi and Revision of its Cytotaxonomic State

Reports by Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey1983 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey) Reports of Research Project (Number of Project 1982: 57041028, 1983: 57041028)Phylogenetic Studies of South American MonkeysHead Investigator 1982, 1983: Kyoto University, Primate Research Institute, Professor, Yasuo NOGAM

Cytogenetic Study of the Bolivian Monkeys: I. Preliminary Report on Karyotypes of Cebus apella, Saimiri sciureus, Aotus azarae and Saguinus labiatus

Reports by Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey1983 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey) Reports of Research Project (Number of Project 1982: 57041028, 1983: 57041028)Phylogenetic Studies of South American MonkeysHead Investigator 1982, 1983: Kyoto University, Primate Research Institute, Professor, Yasuo NOGAM

Estudio Citogenetico de los Micos Bolivianos: I. Report Preliminar de los Cariotipos de Cebus apella, Saimiri sciureus, Aotus azarae y Saguinus labiatus

Reports by Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey1983 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey) Reports of Research Project (Number of Project 1982: 57041028, 1983: 57041028)Phylogenetic Studies of South American MonkeysHead Investigator 1982, 1983: Kyoto University, Primate Research Institute, Professor, Yasuo NOGAM

Helminth Parasites of Bolivian Monkeys

Reports by Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey1986 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey) Reports of Research Project (Number of Project 1984: 59041040, 1985: 60043041)Phylogenetic Studies of South American MonkeysHead Investigator 1984, 1985: Kyoto University, Primate Research Institutc, Professor, Yasuo NOGAMIParasitologic findings in a survey of 19 Bolivian primates belonging to 9 species of 7 genera, 2 Callicebus moloch, l Aotus azarae, 5 Saimiri sciureus, 2 Cebus albifrons, I C. apella, 1 Alouatta seniculus, 3 Saguinus fuscicolis, 3 S. labiatus and I Cebuella pygmaea, are recorded and discussed. Eighteen of 19 animals harbored one or more species of parasites belonging to more than 20 species. New host records noted in this paper are as follows: Callicebus mooch- Longistriata dubia (Nematoda: Heligmosomatidae), Phaneropsolus sp. (Trematoda: Lecithodendriidae, different from P. orbicularis), Bertiella mucronata (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), Porocephalus sp. (Pentastomida); Aotus azarae-Trypanoxyuris interlabiata (Nematoda: Oxyuridae), Phaneropsolus sp.; Cebus apella-Longistriata dubia; Saguinus labiatus- Molineus vexiflarius (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae), Primasubulura jacchi (Nematoda: Subuluridae), Dipetalonemagracile (Nematoda: Dipetalonernatidae), Phaneropsolus orbicularis, Prosthenorchis elegans (Acanthocephala: Gigantorhynchidae); Cebuella pygmaea- Athesmia foxi (Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae). The pathogenicity of Molineus torulosus, forming tumours in the small intestinal wall of the host animal, is presented

Helminth Parasites of Bolivian Cebid Monkeys

Reports by Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey1987 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey) Reports of Research Project (Number of Project 1986: 61041045, 1987: 62043042)Phylogenetic Studies of South American MonkeysHead Investigator 1986, 1987: Kyoto University, Primate Research Institutc, Associate Professor, Yasuo NOGAM

Cytogenetics of Bolivian Endemic Red Howler Monkeys (Alouatta seniculus sara): Accessory chromosomes and Y-autosome translocation related numerical variations

Reports by Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey1986 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey) Reports of Research Project (Number of Project 1984: 59041040, 1985: 60043041)Phylogenetic Studies of South American MonkeysHead Investigator 1984, 1985: Kyoto University, Primate Research Institutc, Professor, Yasuo NOGAMIA karyotypic study on red howler monkeys, Alouatta seniculus sara, captured in Santa Cruz, Bolivia was carried out. The range of chromosome number was 2n = 48 to 51. Female had 9 pairs bi-arm chromosomes (including the submetacentric X-chromosome), male, however, had 7 pairs and two unpaied bi-arm chromosomes. The number of acrocentric chromosome (excluding the two smallest pairs, B1 and B2, because of their numerical variability) was 26 in female and 27 in male. A different chromosome number was frequently observed among cells even in a same individual. AG-band karyotype reveals a male specific acrocentric chromosome can be derived from the normal 6th chromosome by centromeric fission and insertion of an additional segment (probably Y-chromosome) between the telomeric end of two arms. The mnuerical range of B1 was 2 to 4 and that of B2 was 2 to 6 and that of B1十B2was 5 to 8. The B2 chromosome is numerically more variable than the B1, and male has more B1 chromosome (2.88) than female (2.13). Probably the facts, B2 is Cband negative and B1is centromeric C-band positive, m ight affect chromosome movement at meiotic and mitotic division The karyotype of Bolivian monkeys so far studied was highly endemic. The distribution of endemic species overlapped a paleoecological forest refuge of this region suggested by Brown (1982)

Karyotypic Study of Brunneus Titi in Northern Bolivia

Reports by Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey1987 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey) Reports of Research Project (Number of Project 1986: 61041045, 1987: 62043042)Phylogenetic Studies of South American MonkeysHead Investigator 1986, 1987: Kyoto University, Primate Research Institutc, Associate Professor, Yasuo NOGAM